八年级上unit1-4导学案

八年级上Units1-4导学案 一、 必考词汇。

1. exercise (1)动词，“锻炼；运动。”如: We should exercise every day.(2)可数n. “练习，体操”；不可数n.“锻炼，运动”。 Eg, do exercise 做运动。相当于do sports ，take exercise(u.n.) do morning exercises(c.n.) 做早操 do eye exercises(c.n.) 做眼保健操 do math exercises 做数学练习（c.n.）

练习： Studying in a foreign country is a different _____ and you can learn a lot.

A. event B. exercise C. experience

2.hard与hardly 二者都可作副词，但意思不同。 (1)hard“猛烈地，努力地”

Eg,①It’s raining hard outside now. Don’t go out.意思为______ ②They work very hard. 意为___________

(2)hardly：①“简直不”，多和can连用。 ②“几乎没有，几乎不”，表示否定意义。

Eg, I can hardly see anything on the wall. Hardly anybody knows the news. 练习，用hard, hardly填空。 (1) (2) (3)

Lucy ______ studies, but her sister studies _______. It’s raining _____, we can _______ see the sign on the road. _______ any fried food agree with me.

3.different 形容词“不同的”。派生词：difference(c.n.)不同，差异。 反义词：same adj. 相同的

短语：be different from 与?不同 be the same as 与?相同

练习：It’s difficult for us to tell the _________ between these two words.(different)

4.maybe 副词，“也许，可能”，相当于perhaps，近义词有：probably,possibly

例句：Maybe/Perhaps he is at home.

易错点提醒:maybe作状语，may be 作谓语

eg, Maybe you are right.=You may be right. 你或许是正确的。 练习： ——Where’s my watch?

——Sorry, I don’t know. Maybe you put _____ on the table. A. it B. her C. him D. them

5.although :连词“虽然，即使，纵然”，同义词：though,even though,even if.

易错点提醒：but和although,though,even though,even if 不能同时出现在一个句子中，只能用其中的一个。

Eg, He was very tired, but he didn’t stop working.

练习：______ he is only 8 years old, he knows more about science than his father.

A. But B. Though C. So D. Because

6.keep (1)系动词，“保持，使保持（某种状态）”,后跟形容词作表语。例： You must look after yourself and keephealthy. 常用短语：keep+adj. ; keep sb/sth+adj. ; keep sb doing…

(2)及物动词，“保存，保留”。例:Can you keep these letter for me？ 你能替我保存这些信吗？

练习：——How long can I ______ the book? ——For two weeks. A.borrow B. lend C. keep

7.ago,副词，“以前”，常用于过去时态，构成：一段时间+ago 多久以前

易错点提醒：before也表示“以前”，常构成before+一段时间；但它可以出现在现在完成时的句子中，而且还可以做连词，意为“在…以前”

例：I have never been there before.我以前从来没有去过那里。（用于现在完成时）

Please call me before you go.（作连词）

练习：H is uncle went abroad five years ________. 8.illness,名词，“疾病”

归纳拓展：（1）ill 形容词。“生病的”，常作表语，用于be ill in (the) hospital 生病住院

注意：be in hospital 生病住院 be in the hospital 在医院里

（2）sick 形容词，“生病的”可作定语，表语。Eg,He is sick.他生病了，作表语。 This is a sick boy.这是个生病的小男孩，作定语。 (3)-ness是名词后缀。如：happy—happiness dark—darkness 练习：To my great ________(高兴). I have passed the final examination. 9.advice 不可数名词。“建议”，a piece of advice一条建议 some advice一些建议，近义词：suggestion,可数n,“建议”

派生词：advice/advise sb to do sth建议某人做某…, suggest 动词“建议”，常用结构：suggest doing suggest sb + that从句（should）+do sth eg, The teacher suggested us that we (should) study hard.老师建议我们应该好好学习。

练习：Jenny gave us ______ on how to improve English. A.some advices B. many advices C. some advice D. an advice 总结短语：给某人关于某方面的建议：___________________ 10.angry 形容词，“生气的”。派生词：anger 名词“生气”，angrily 副词，“生气地” 。同义词：annoyed 形容词“令人生气的” 短语： be angry/annoyed with sb 生某人的气 be angry/annoyed about/at sth 因某事儿生气

练习：“Why are you late for school again?” said his teacher____ (angry).

11.plan 作名词和动词，“计划，规划”。Eg, （1）I have a new plan. 作名词，且是可数名词。 （2）We are planning to visit Lodon. 作动词。 归纳拓展：过去式和过去分词都是planned 短语：plan to do sth计划做某事

plan on sth/doing sth计划（做）某事

练习：——Why not go to the Great Wall this Saturday?

——I’m afraid it’s not a good ______,many of us have been there. A. place B. day C.plan D. idea

12.ride(1)动词，“骑，乘”，过去式rode,过去分词式ridden,现在分词是riding.

Ride a bike骑自行车；ride in cars乘小汽车

（2）名词，“骑马，骑车或乘车旅行”。如：Shall we go for a ride in the car? 我们坐小汽车去旅行好吗？

13.famous:形容词，“著名的，出名的”，同义词为well-known。常用短语：be famous for +出名的原因；be famous as +出名时的身份产地.Eg, Jackie Chan is famous╱for his action movies. ╲as a movie star.

练习：Ma Lin is a well-known ping-pong player in the world.(选出同义词) A. tall B. famous C. good D.strong

14.leave(1)动词，“离开，出发”，过去式式left.短语：leave(some place)for… 动身去… (2)动词，“听任；让…处于…”如：Did you leave the window open? 你让窗户开着的吗？ (3)动词，“遗留，遗忘”，注意不能用forget. 短语：leave sth +介词 +some place

练习：It seems that it is going to rain. You’d better _____ the windows open when you leave the house.

A.not leave B. leave C. not to leave D. to leave

15.hundred 数词，“一百”，常用结构：(1)数词+hundred+可数名词复数。“几百…” (2)hundreds of +可数名词复数。“数百的…” thousand 千 ；million百万；billion十亿 用法与hundred一样。 练习：——What’s the matter,Kangkang?

——Oh,I feel sorry to hear more than _____ people lost their lives in the earthquake.

A. sixty thousands of B. sixty thousand