大学科技英语考前复习总结 - 图文

十五、对照

当两个式是需要对比时，常用表示对比的词或句型

Insufficient air will prevent complete combustion while/whereas too much air will reduce the temperature.

While/Whereas the traffic density on the road is very high during the peak hours, it is very low at midday and during the night. A skilled craftsman can earn high wages. On the other hand an unskilled worker earns very little.

If you were to say that the insides of the gasoline engine we have just been describing are complicated, you would be right. It has pistons(活塞), connecting rods(连杆), valves(气阀), valve lifters(阀杆), and numerous other parts. In contrast, the turbine engine is rather simple.涡轮发动机 A run-down watch is still a watch and can be rewound. A old watch, by contrast, becomes so worn and unreliable that it eventually is not worth mending.

停了的表，上了发条以后能继续使用。对比起来，一只旧表磨损的非常厉害，变得非常不可靠，最后连修也不值得了。

十六、采用

Various measures can be adopted to control the environment pollution. The farmers adopted new techniques in raising silkworms.

The designers adopted a more advanced material for the airplane engine. This kind of salve can be applied to wound. 这种膏药可以用于敷伤口。

A pressure of 100 b/in2 is applied to the piston. 在活塞上加100镑/平方英寸的压力。 The principle was successfully applied to the design of rocket.

十七、度量、测量、计算

这根线有两米长。 The wire is two meters long. The wire is two meters in length. The wire has a length of two meters. The length of the wire is two meters. 这根带子15毫米宽。 The belt is 15 mm wide. The belt is 15 mm in width. Building has a height of 150 m. The steel plate is 5 mm thick.

十八、结论

十九、作业：汉译英

1、金属就是像铜、铁之类的东西(as)

Metals are such things as iron , copper and so on . 2、液态水变成蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.

其他翻译：Liquid water changing into vapor is called evaporation. Evaporation is known as changing Liquid water into vapor.

Evaporation is known as the process that water changes into vapor. Evaporation is known as the process that changing water into vapor. × 3、金属具有许多优良的性能，这在前面已经讲到了。 Metals have many good properties as has been stated before .

其他翻译:As is mentioned before, metals have many good properties. 性质：property, performance, characteristic 其他：capability能力,不是性质； function功能；

eminent（指人）闻名的，杰出的；（指品质）卓越的，突出的 4、塑料具有许多良好的性能，因此在工业上应用很广泛。（动名词） Having many good properties , plastics are widely used in industry . 5、任何发生这种氧化的地方，总有热产生。

Wherever this oxidation tales place , heat is always produced . 6、用煤炼焦（make coke）时，还产生副产品。

When making coke from coal , there are by-products, too. 7、推力一停住，物体就停止向上运动。（抽象名词） Whenever pushing stops, the object stops its upward motion .

8、必须找到一种能运更大吨位(tonnage)同时又节省宝贵人力的新设备。

A new system had to be found which would handle much greater tonnages and at the same time save valuable manpower. 9、厂家负责安装这种新设备。

The installation of the new equipment is the responsibility of the manufactures. 10、可以用各种方法控制环境污染。

Various measures can be adopted to control the environment pollution. The environment pollution can be controlled by Various measures 11、把水加热可以使水变为蒸汽。

Heating the water changes it into vapor. Water can become into steam when heated. 12、钢中的含碳量不应超过0.5%。

The steel should not contain more than 0.5% of carbon. Carbon content in steel should not be more than 0.5%. 13、要连接的这些零件通常要加热到一定温度。

The parts to be jointed are usually heated to a certain temperature.

1、我们做实验所需要的设备就只有一瓶水、一根玻璃棒和一个橡皮塞而已。

A flask of water, a glass rod, and a rubber bung comprise the only equipment which we need for the experiment. 2、大气有多种气体。

The atmosphere comprises a number of gases.

3、计算机里存有工厂每一变化的纪录以及全部有关信息。

The computer contains a record of every change made to the plant, and all related information. 4、图中有两条曲线。

There are two curves in the figure. The figure shows two curves.

根据括号中的提示或划线内容改写下列句子，保持意思不变

An object becomes hot when it is placed in the sun. （从句紧缩式）

Information is needed as to which type of fuel is most suitable.（简单句）

The contents of the tank are discharged by a pump.（抽象名词）

It is necessary to examine whether the result is accurate.（抽象名词）

The job is such that it demands the greatest skill. （简单句）

This makes the screw tighter.（及物动词）

Expansion joints allow the pipes to expand or contract.

Cast iron is much cheaper than steel.（比较级less than）

The size of the flow-meter is such that the flow is unaffected by it. （简单句）

The proton is the opposite of the electron, it is a particle of positive electricity.（非谓语动词）

Languages coming from Latin, such as French, Italian, and Spanish have some characters in common. 用括号中单词的适当形式或词组填空：

Since 1976, this research center （ ）radical changes. ( undergo ) A knife is a tool （ ）for cutting. （use）

Transformers are widely used in the （ ）of electrical power. （transmit）

Short courses are arranged which last for five days and （ ）lecture, demonstration and visit to a hospital. Good production methods enable the factory （ ）more cars. （manufacture） 填空题

Carbon is an element an atomic weight of 12.01.

As Fig.1 , the population has increased by 20% since last year. Such high-speed aircrafts travel 700 m.p.s. . The steel plate is 6 meters in area. Insufficient air will prevent complete combustion too much air will reduce the temperature. It is how accurate these results are.

Results that there was no significant change in weight during the period of study.

comprise）（