全国通用版2019高考英语三轮冲刺提分练组合练第3练阅读理解+七选五

阅读理解+七选五

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2018·陕西西安地区八校联考)

Babbage，borninLondonin1791，wasagreatmathematicalgenius.Hewasanaturalinventor. Whenhefinishedschool

，

hewenttostudymathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.Later

，，

Thiswas

，

basically

，

hegotajobteachingattheuniversity.Whileworkingtherehedesignedhis“firstdifferenceengine”ahand-operatedmechanicalcalculator.

．

Hetooknineyearstobuildapartofthemachine.Thismachinecanmakecomplexmathematicalcalculations.It’sabasicmechanicalcomputer.

Babbagedreamed，however，ofmorecomplicatedmachines.Infact，hedidn’tonlydream; hebegantodesignthem.Theresultwasaseriesof“analyticalengines”whichwereinfactpowerfulcomputers!

Hisdesignscontainedprocessors

，

controlunits

，

amemoryandaninput/outputsystem.Thesearethefouressentialpartsofamodernmathematicalcomputer!

Alas!

His“seconddifferenceengine”couldn’tuseelectricitysincethishadn’tyetbecomeausablesourceofpower，soBabbagehadtomakedowithmechanicalsystems.Forthisreason，themachinewasbig，complicatedandexpensive.ThoughBabbageproducedcompleteplansforthemachinehecouldn’tbuildit.Itwastooadvancedforitsage!

Itwasnotuntilalmost160yearslaterthatBabbage’s“seconddifferenceengine”wasfinallymanufactured.ThefirstworkingversionofthismachinewasbuiltbytheScienceMuseuminLondon

，，

fortheBabbagebicentenaryin1991.AsecondmachinewasthenbuiltforanAmericanhigh-techmillionaire，whoputitintheComputerHistoryMuseum，inCalifornia.

Babbage’sanalyticalengineswouldhaveused“programs”likethoseusedinthetextile(纺织) industrytomakecomplicatedpatterns

buttheywereneverbuilt.Thisbrilliantmathematicianreallywastoofaraheadofhistime! 1．WheredidBabbageplanhis“firstdifferenceengine”？

，

A．InLondon. C．AtCambridge.

B．Athighschool. D．InScienceMuseum.

2．Whatdoweknowabouthis“seconddifferenceengine”？ A．Ittookhimnineyearstobuildit. B．Itwasfaraheadofitstime. C．Itsdesigncameoutinhisdreams. D．Itspowersourcewaselectricity.

3．The“seconddifferenceengine”wasbuilttoworkin1991. A．foranAmericanmillionaire B．inmemoryofBabbage

C．totestitsabilitytouseelectricity D．fortextileindustrytomakepatterns 4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A．Babbage’senginesdidn’trunonprograms. B．Textilepatternsareproducedwithprograms. C．Babbagecanbeseenasthefatherofcomputers. D．Babbage’sanalyticalengineswereneverbuilt.

B

Withgoldensunshineandagentlebreeze

，

autumnisthemostbeautifulseasonintheyear.Thisisagreattimetogooutsideandhavefun.Gotoavalleytoseeredmapletrees，goandpickfruitinanorchardorfindanopenfieldtoflyyourkitein.

However

，

formanyhighschoolstudents

，

thesegreatactivitiesmaybejustadream.Withplentyofworktodo，theyspendalltheirhoursindoors，strugglingforahighmarkintheirexams.Ofcourse

studyisoneofthemostimportantthingsforteenagers.Butlifeisdefinitelymuchmorethanthat.

Sometimeswespendsomuchtimestudyingthatweforgethowtomakelifewonderful.Indoingso

，，

welosetherealpurposeoflife—tobeavaluableandhappyperson.Toenjoyjusthowgreatitistobealive

，

wehavetoputdownourbooksandpensandlookaroundus.Students

，，

takesomeexercisetoimproveyourhealth

talkwithyourparentsandfriendsforunderstandingandwalkaroundoutsidetorefreshyourbodyandmi

nd.

Goingoutandenjoyingthebeautifulcountrysideoftenhelpsourcreativityinourwork.Chinesecraftsman

，

LuBan

，

createdasawtohelpwoodworkers.Butifhehadn’twalkedoutside

，

hewouldnothavebeeninspiredbyakindoftoothedgrass.WecouldalsosupposethatifNewtonhadn’trestedunderthatappletree

，

thenhewouldn’thavebeenhitbyanapple

，

andhisclassictheorieswouldnothavecomeout.

Goingoutisnotonlyabreakfromhardwork，butachancetoaddtolifeexperience.Socomeon，giveyourbrainagoodrest.Stepoutofthebooksandgetyourbagreadyforanautumnouting.Wearesureyouwillgetmuchmorethanknowledgefromtheexcitingjourney. 5．Inwhichparagraphdoesthewritermakeasummaryabouthisopinion? A．Paragraph1. C．Paragraph5.

B．Paragraph2. D．Paragraph4.

6．Whyisgoingoutadreamformanyhighschoolstudents? A．Theyareunhappytodoso.

B．Theirparentsdon’tallowthemtodoso.

C．Theythinkstudyisthemostimportantthingforthem. D．Theyhavetoomuchworktodoforgettinghighmarksintheexams. 7．Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby. A．makingpredictions

B．reasoningandgivingexamples

C．describingthebeautifulsceneryinautumn

D．pointingoutthepresentsituationofhighschoolstudents 8．Whatmessagecanyougetfromthepassage? A．Natureispower.

B．AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy. C．Theauthorisn’thappywithoureducationatall. D．Goingoutcanmakehighschoolstudentsgetmore.

C

WhileJenniferwasathometakinganonlineexamforherbusinesslawclassamonitorafewhundredmilesawaywaswatchinghereverymove.

，

UsingawebcameraequippedinJennifer’sLosAngelesapartment，

themonitorinPhoenixtrackedhowfrequentlyhereyesmovedfromthecomputerscreenandlistenedforthesecretsoundsofapossiblehelperintheroom.HerInternetaccesswaslocked—remotely—topreventInternetsearches

，

andhertypingstylewasanalyzedtomakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas

：

Didsheenterherstudentnumberatthesamespeedasshehadinthepast？Orwassheslowingdown?

Inthebattleagainstcheating

，

thisisthecuttingedgeandakeytoencouragehonestyintheboomingfieldofonlineeducation.Thetechnologygivestrusttotheentiresystem

totheinstitutionandtoonlineeducationingeneral.Onlywithsolidmeasuresagainstcheatingexpertssay

，，，

canInternetuniversitiesshowthattheirexamsanddiplomasarevalid—thatstudentshaven’tjustsearchedtheInternettogettherightanswers.

Althoughonlineclasseshaveexistedformorethanadecade

，

theconcernovercheatinghasbecomesharperinthelastyearwiththegrowthof“openonlinecourses.”Privatecolleges

，

publicuniversitiesandcorporationsarejumpingintotheonlineeducationfield.Spendingmillionsofdollarstoattractpotentialstudents

whilealsotakingstepstohelpguaranteehonestyatadistance.

Asidefromthewebcameras

，，

anumberofotherhigh-techmethodsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Amongthemareprogramsthatcheckstudents’identitiesusingpersonalinformation，suchasthetelephonenumberstheyonceused.

Otherprogramscanproduceuniqueexamsbydrawingonalargelistofquestionsandcanrecognizepossiblecheatersbyanalyzingwhetherdifficulttestquestionsareansweredatthesamespeedaseasyones.Asinmanyuniversityclasses

termpapersarescannedagainstsomelargeInternetdatabanksforcheating. 9．WhywasJenniferwatchedinanonlineexam? A．Tocorrecthertypingmistakes. B．Tofindhersecretsintheroom. C．Topreventherfromslowingdown. D．Tokeepherfromdishonestbehaviors.

，