上海市牛津版英语高一下Module3Unit5知识点总结梳理

Module 3 Ideas and viewpoints Unit 5 Problems and advice

单词：

accidentally adv.意外地；偶然地 拓展：(1)accidental adj.意外的 (2)accident n.意外事故 搭配：by accident 偶然地

smash v.打破；打碎 搭配：(1)smash into撞到......里面 (2)smash up砸坏；撞车 拓展：smash n.粉碎声；撞车

miss v.未击中；错过 例：The bullet missed the target. 搭配：miss doing sth.错过......的机会；差点...... missing 丢失的，遗失的

temporarily adv.暂时地 例：The manager is temporarily busy. guilty adj.有内疚感的；有负罪感的 拓展：guilt n.有罪；内疚

conscience n.良心；良知 例：If you have a clear conscience, you do not feel guilty because you know you have done nothing wrong.

tough adj.强悍的 例：The way to success is always tough. guy n.男人；家伙 tease v.戏弄

bully v.欺侮（弱小者）；恐吓；伤害

behaviour n.行为 例：His behaviour is so strange. at this point在这个时候

regret v.后悔 例：She regretted what she had said. 拓展：regret n.遗憾；后悔；抱歉

violence n.暴力 The police are trying their best to stop violence in the streets. 拓展：violent adj.强烈的；凶暴的 a violent wind暴风 a violent attack猛攻 a violent toothache剧烈的牙痛 checkout n.（超市的）付款台；付款处

note n.纸币

purchase n.购买的东西 拓展：purchase v.购买 Tom wants to purchase a flat in New York.

grumble v.咕哝；发牢骚 搭配：grumble at/about/over sth抱怨...... 例：He grumbled at/about/over the low pay. 拓展：grumble n.怨言；牢骚 例：He is a person full of grumbles. error n.错误；差错

bark v.厉声发出（命令、质问等）；厉声说话 queue n.（人、汽车等的）队；行列 mean to成心要

on the other hand另一方面

counsellor n.顾问 拓展：counsel v.向......提供专业建议；建议；劝告

hesitate v.（对某事）犹豫；迟疑不决 搭配：(1)hesitate to do = be reluctant to do犹豫着不想......，不情愿做...... (2)hesitate + 介词：对......犹豫 拓展：hesitation n.(不可数)犹豫

case n.具体情况；事例 搭配：in case of若发生某事；假如 in any case无论如何；总之 in no case在任何情况下决不 in that case既然那样；假若是那样的话 In case of my not being there, ask my brother to help. persuade v.劝说；说服

contact v.联系；联络 例：If you need help, contact me. n.联系；联络 例：My opinion is that we must contact out lawyer before we make the decision.

transport n.交通运输 例：road and rail transport公路和铁路运输 transport system/charges运输系统/运费 拓展：transport v.运输；流放 watch for 观察等待（某人出现或发生某事）

hurt v.(使)疼痛；伤害 例：It hurts the eyes to read in such poor light. 搭配：hurt one’s feelings/hurt sb.伤害某人的感情 辨析：injure也指“伤害”，特指较严重的、甚至会留有后遗症的伤害。 suffer v.受苦；受折磨 例：Their company is suffering huge losses. 拓展：suffering n.（不可数）痛

苦；苦难 pl.痛苦的感觉；苦恼 词组：

leave for动身前往 例：He will leave for England by plane.

do ne good不起作用 此结构中good是名词，指“益处、作用” 拓展：good作形容词是的搭配：(1)be good for对......有益 (2)be good to sb = be kind to sb有某人友善 be busy (in) doing...忙于做...... 例：He is busy (in) preparing his final exams. mean to成心要；打算要 例：He means to cause trouble.

wait one’s turn 等待轮到某人 例：You have to wait your turn. 拓展：It is one’s turn to do...轮到某人做...... take turn to do...轮流做......

make...right = put/set...right = correct.../restore...to order使...恢复正常；纠正/改正 辨析：get...right = understand clearly without error清楚无误地理解

watch for观察等待（某人出现或发生某事） 拓展：watch out for警惕或注意 belong to属于（无被动，无进行时态） 句子：

1. Letters from students asking for advice are published anonymously in a school newspaper as a part of the ‘Counsellor’s Corner’.

(1)asking for advice是现在分词短语，作students的定语，相当于定语从句who ask for advice. (2)counsellor指“顾问；指导老师”

2. ..., so we said nothing and left for the cinema as planned.

As planned指“按原定计划”。这个结构可看作连词as后省略主语it和助动词had been。该省略现象在状语中很常见，省略的前提是从句中主语要和主句主语一致，或从句主语是it，且从句中谓语动词含助动词be。

3. Returning home later that evening, my friend learnt...

Returning (doing)在这里作现在分词，作时间状语。分词作状语需注意：第一，分词所表示的动作和主句主语间的关系是主动，用现在分词(doing)；是被动关系，用过去分词(done)表示。第二，分词表示的动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作有明显的时间间隔，主动用having done，被动用having been done。

4. They had even taken a neighbor’s son to the police station.

(1)take sb. to some place指“把某人带去某地” (2) the police station指“警察局” 5. I saw three tough guys enter my almost empty carriage.

(1)see sb doing sth.看见某人正在做某事，强调时间点上发生的动作。

(2)almost几乎，相当于nearly，区别：否定句用almost，not nearly指“远非/远不.....” 6. I regret not helping him, but not being Superman and hating violence, what could I do? not being Superman and hating violence是一个现在分词短语，表示原因。 7. ...but she was so busy grumbling that...

be busy (in) doing sth.指“忙于做某事”，相当于be busy with sth. 8. On discovering the error, ...

on discovering...是“介词 + 动名词”结构，一般用在句首，指“一......就......” 9. That did it!够了！ 口语指“某人不能再忍受下去了”

10. I had meant to correct the error before leaving, but she would not let me.

had meant to do sth(=meant to have done)表示“过去原本想要做某事，但事实上没做”。 拓展：其他表意向的动词，如：want, think, hope, expect, plan等也用于这个结构。 11. You must persuade her to do this.

persuade sb to do sth说服某人做某事 拓展：persuade sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事 persuasion n.（不可数）