电絮凝法处理含铬废水的实验研究(1)

攀枝花学院本科毕业设计（论文）

电絮凝法处理含铬废水的实验研究

学生姓名： 周 亚 琴 学生学号： 201010903049 院（系）： 资源与环境工程学院 年级专业： 2010级 环境工程 指导教师： 谢四才 副教授 助理指导教师： 钟玉凤 讲师

二〇一四年四月

攀枝花学院本科毕业设计（论文） 摘 要

摘 要

针对含铬废水对生态环境的严重污染问题，提出了以铝板作为电极板的电絮凝法处理含铬废水，研究了电流强度、处理时间、电极板间距、初始pH等因素对铬去除效率的影响。实验结果显示，在电絮凝过程中，在电流强度为1.5A、初始pH为6.0、电解时间为30min，极板间距为2cm时去除效率最佳，能达到64%以上。在电解的过程中，随着电流强度、电解时间的增加，铬离子的去除率不断增加，在一定范围内电极间距的减小，可以使得铬离子的去除效果有所增加。

关键词 含铬废水，电絮凝，影响因素，去除率

I

攀枝花学院本科毕业设计（论文） ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

For the ecological environment of serious pollution of wastewater containing chromium, made of aluminum plate electrocoagulation as chromium-containing wastewater treatment equipment, the effect of current density, treatment time, electrode spacing and other factors on the treatment effect. Experimental results show that the electro-flocculation process, a current density of 1.5, the initial pH of 6.0 and an electrolysis time of 1 hour, the plate spacing of 1cm optimal removal efficiency can reach 64%. In the electrocoagulation process, with increasing current density, electrolysis time, the metal ion removal increased; reduced electrode spacing, making the removal of heavy metal ions to achieve better results.

Keywords Chromate waste water，Electric flocculation，Influence factor，Removal rate

II

攀枝花学院本科毕业设计（论文） 目录

目 录

摘 要 ............................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................II

1 绪论 ............................................................................................................................. 1

1.1课题背景与意义 ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2电絮凝技术在废水处理中的应用 ............................................................................................ 1 1.2.1电絮凝法处理含油废水 ...................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2电絮凝法处理染料与纺织废水 .......................................................................................... 2 1.2.3电絮凝处理重金属废水 ...................................................................................................... 3 1.2.4电絮凝与其他技术的结合 .................................................................................................. 3 1.3电絮凝技术的发展 .................................................................................................................... 4 1.3.1电絮凝技术的改进 .............................................................................................................. 4 1.3.2电絮凝法的发展 ................................................................................................................ 5 1.3.3电絮凝技术的局限性 ........................................................................................................ 5

2 实验部分 ..................................................................................................................... 6

2.1实验仪器和试剂 ........................................................................................................................ 6 2.2 实验原理 ................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1电絮凝部分........................................................................................................................ 6 2.2.2吸光度测定部分 ................................................................................................................ 6 2.3实验内容 ................................................................................................................................... 6 2.3.1所需溶液的配制 ................................................................................................................ 6 2.3.2标准曲线的绘制 .................................................................................................................. 7 2.3.2实验步骤 ............................................................................................................................. 7 2.4 实验装置 ................................................................................................................................... 8

3 实验结果与讨论 ..................................................................................................... 10

3.1电流强度对铬去除率的影响 .................................................................................................. 10 3.2处理时间对铬去除率的影响 .................................................................................................. 11 3.3电极板间距对铬去除率的影响 .............................................................................................. 12 3.4初始pH值对铬去除率的影响 ............................................................................................... 13

4 结 论 ......................................................................................................................... 15

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