最新版2019-2020年人教版高中英语必修五Unit5单元综合测试四及答案-精编试题

Some expressions describe people who are important—or who at least think they are. One such expression is “bigwig”. In the 17th century, important men in Europe began to wear false hair, called wigs. As years passed, wigs began to get bigger. The size of a man’s wig depended on how important he was. The more important he was—or thought he was—the bigger the wig he wore.

Today, the expression “bigwig” is used to make fun of a person who feels important. People never tell someone he is a bigwig. They only use the expression behind his back.

“Big wheel” is another way to describe an important person. A big wheel may be the head of a company, a political leader, or a famous movie star. They are big wheels because they are powerful. What they do affects many people. Big wheels give the orders. Other people carry them out. As in many machines, a big wheel makes the little wheels turn.

“Big wheel” became a common expression after World War II. The expression has been popular with people who fix parts of cars and trucks since then. They said a person “rolled a big wheel” if he was important and had influence.

The top of something is the highest part. So it is not surprising that “top” is part of another expression that describes an important person. The expression is “top banana”. A “top banana” is the leading person in a comedy show. The funniest comedian is called “the top banana”. The next is “second banana”. And so on.

Why a banana? A comedy act in earlier days often included a part where one of the comedians would hit the others over the head with a soft object. The object was shaped like the yellow fruit—the banana. “Top banana” is still used mainly in show business. Yet the expression can also be used to describe the top person in any area. 31. Why did important men in Europe wear large wigs in the 17th century?

A. Because they didn’t like their own hair. B. Because they were in fact unimportant. C. Because wearing large wigs was in fashion. D. Because they wanted to show their importance.

32. The expression “big wheel” is used for people who ________.

A. carry out orders

B. are very tall and fat

C. have great influence on others D. look like wheels in the machine

33. Which of the following about “big wheel” is TRUE?

A. It refers to the workers in a company. B. It can be used to laugh at the political leaders. C. It has been used by repairmen for many years.

D. It was well-known during the Second World War.

34. The word “banana” is involved in the expression “top banana” because ________.

A. bananas were used in early comedy acts B. the early comedians liked to eat bananas

C. the banana was the favorite fruit of the leading actor D. the object used in the early show was similar to the banana

35. What can we infer from the passage?

A. A “top banana” means a most funny comedy. B. The expression “top banana” can be widely used now.

C. It’s a good way to describe someone as “bigwig” face to face. D. The longer the wigs were, the more important the people were.

C

What’s the magic of coffee shops? Many people often spend hours in these places drinking a cup of refreshing (提神的) coffee after hard work at the office. After that, they will feel energetic again. It’s been said that JK Rowling wrote the Harry Potter books sitting in one in Edinburgh. But if you’re spending all day buying one expensive coffee after another and haven’t sold your first novel yet, the costs can really add up.

For those who just want to take time out, there’s a new choice in London: a pay-per-minute café. You can stay in the Ziferblat coffee shop for as long as you like. You can choose your favorite cup, dessert, and magazine. You’ll be given a clock when you come in to keep time. When you leave, you return the item and pay the bill.

The cost of hanging out, eating, working and meeting new people in the place is 3p per minute—or ￡1.80 an hour. The shop’s owner, Ivan Meetin, says, “Everything is free, except the time you spend here.” Customers help themselves to coffee and cookies.

They can also bring their own food to eat while accessing the Internet through wi-fi in the shop.

Meetin’s customers clearly are not the types who rush to work with a paper cup to drink from at their desks. They are there for the new coffee shop’s atmosphere. It is relaxing. Informality is at the heart of Meetin’s concept (原则) of the design.

The concept of coffee shops, where you pay for the time and not for the coffee, has proved popular in Russia. Ziferblat is one of a Russian chain. Only time will tell if the British accept the idea. I’d like to try it at least once. Who knows—I might even start writing my own novel. If coffee shops are good enough for JK Rowling to spend quality time in, why can’t I?

36. Why do people usually go to coffee shops?

A. To write books. B. To spend their money. C. To finish some office work.

D. To drink a cup of coffee and relax.

37. What does the underlined phrase “the item” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. The clock.

B. The cup. C. The magazine. D. The bill.

38. The Ziferblat coffee shop will charge for ________.

A. the coffee people drink B. the food people bring to the shop

C. the time people spend in the shop D. the use of the Internet through wi-fi

39. What attracts customers most in the Ziferblat coffee shop?

A. Good service.

B. Things that cost nothing. D. Delicious coffee and cookies.

C. The atmosphere in the shop.

40. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. The Ziferblat coffee shop is very popular with the British. B. The writer is in favour of the idea of the Ziferblat coffee shop.

C. The Ziferblat coffee shop is the only one of its kind in the world. D. The writer encourages people to write novels in the Ziferblat coffee shop.

D

Researchers in Hungary have confirmed that dogs understand our feelings, which many dog owners have long suspected. Scientists have made sure thatwhen it comes to emotions, dogs’ brains are similar to those of humans.

Dogs are usually not relaxed in a lab environment, but with a little petting (爱抚) and lots of treats they can be trained to sit still. That’s how researchers in Hungary’s ELTE University were able to get images of their brains at work. Research fellow Attila Andics says it helps them better understand the relationship between dogs and humans. It is known for a long time that dogs and humans share similar social environment, but now the results show that dogs and humans also have similar brain structures to process information.

After training 11 dogs to stay motionless while their brains were scanned (扫描), the researchers checked their nerve responses to 200 significant sounds, from crying to barking and laughing. They then compared them with humans’. Andics says it opens up new possibilities for research. It establishes a foundation of a new branch of science, because until now it hasn’t been possible to measure the brain activities of dogs.

The minds of dogs are also being studied at Duke University, in North Carolina. Co-Director of the school’s Canine Cognition Center, Evan MacLean, says that the Hungarian results are an important step forward.

We’ve known for a long time that dogs have a lot of behavioral similarities compared with humans. But we don’t know anything or very little about whether some of these behaviors are represented similarly inside the brain of the dog, so this research is providing a first understanding of it. And what that tells ordinary dog owners, the Hungarian scientists say, is to treat your companions as friends, not only animals, because they evidently understand human feelings.

41. How did researchers get images of the dogs’ brains at work?

A. By beating the dogs to make them keep still. B. By giving the dogs love and food to train them. C. By providing a relaxing and familiar lab environment.

D. By using the dogs’ nature of obeying the command of humans.