新概念英语1总结（部分）

新概念英语1复习

一． 时态

1. 一般现在时

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning.

2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.

3) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性（状态）。 I don't want so much.

Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观动作，所以后句用现在进行时。

句子构成：

含有be动词的句子：肯定句： s + am/ is /are + sth 否定句：s + am/ is /are not+ sth 一般疑问句：Am/ Is / Are + s + sth ？ He is a teacher.

The girl is very beautiful. Tim and Jack are students.

★变一般疑问句将be动词移到句首 Is he a teacher?

Is the girl very beautiful? Are Tim and Jack students? ★变否定句在be动词后面加not He is not a teacher.

The girl is not very beautiful. Tim and Jack are not students. ★肯定回答及否定回答

Yes, he is. No, he is not. Yes, she is. No, she is not. Yes, they are. No, they are not.

含有一般动词的句子

肯定句：S (不是三单主语) + v (原形) + sth / S (三单主语) + v+s/es + sth

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否定句：S (不是三单主语) + don’t + v (原形) + sth / S (三单主语) + doesn’t + v(原形) + sth 一般疑问句：Do +S (不是三单主语) + v (原形) + sth / Does + S (三单主语) + v（原形）+ sth ？

主语是三单的情况：

He likes books. She likes him.

The dog likes bones.

★变疑问句在句首加does, 动词变为原型 Does he like books? Does she like him?

Does the dog like bones?

★变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t, 动词变为原型 He doesn’t like books. She doesn’t like him.

The dog doesn’t like bones. ★肯定回答及否定回答：

Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t.

注意：第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加s / es，不要和名词复数混淆，变否定句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化。

主语不是三单的情况：（第一人称、第二人称和第三人称复数） I want to have a bath. We have some meat.

The students like smart teachers. ★变疑问句在句首加do

Do you want to have a bath? Do we have any meat?

Do the students like smart teachers? ★变否定句在主语和动词之间加don’t. You don’t want to have a bath. We don’t have any meat.

The students don’t like smart teachers. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Yes, we do. No, we don’t

Yes, they do. No, they don’t.

2. 现在进行时

现在进行时的基本用法：

a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you.

b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。

Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.

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c. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 The leaves are turning red.

It's getting warmer and warmer.

d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。

You are always changing your mind.

构成： 主语＋am / is / are ＋ doing (动词的现在分词) ＋sth We are having lunch. He is reading a book.

The dog is running after a cat.

The boys are swimming across the river. ★变疑问句将be动词移到句首 Are we having lunch? Is he reading a book?

Is the dog running after a cat?

Are the boys swimming across the river? ★变否定句在be动词后面加 not We are not having lunch. He is not reading a book.

The dog is not running after a cat.

★特殊疑问句：what, which, how, where, who, etc. 疑问词＋ am / is /are＋主语＋ doing ? What are you doing? What is she doing?

What is the dog doing? (必背)

没有进行时的动词

1) 事实状态的动词belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue, have, has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时 I have two brothers.

This house belongs to my sister.

2) 心理状态的动词

Know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate I need your help.

He loves her very much.

3 ) 瞬间动词

accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse. I accept your advice.

4) 系动词

seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn You seem a little tired

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3. 一般过去时

1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

确定的时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now?

2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

3）比较：

一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义：她已不在人间。) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着)

Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)

Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.( 含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)

注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。

1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。 Did you want anything else?

I wondered if you could help me. 2）情态动词 could, would.

Could you lend me your bike?

含有be动词的句子， 将动词变为过去式，am, is的过去式为was，are的过去式为were 肯定句： s + was / were + sth 否定句：s + was / were not+ sth 一般疑问句：Was / Were + s + sth ？

I was at the butcher’s.

You were a student a year ago.

The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago. ★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首 Were you at the butcher’s?

Were you a student a year ago?

Was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago? ★变否定句在be动词后面加not I was not at the butcher’s.

You were not a student a year ago.

The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago. ★肯定回答否定回答

Yes, I was. No, I was not.

Yes, you were. No, you were not.

Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not. ★特殊疑问句：

特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句

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