四级英语作文经典辅导材料(1)

As far as I am concerned, lottery is a kind of public drive, which benefits the society.

II. Writing based on Chinese outlines （汉语提纲作文）

1. 写作技巧

1.1审好标题，仔细推敲提纲思路，确定提纲所隐含的文章主题，不要遗漏甚至违背提纲规范的文章要求。

1.2 充分利用提纲信息写好每段的主题句。主题句应紧扣主题、言简意赅。

1.3根据标题、提纲和主题句选择与其关系最密切、最具说服力且最容易表达的细节、例子等围绕主题句进行扩展。

2. Sample

Directions：Write a composition on the topic “Future of China’s Football” according to the

following outline (given in Chinese). Your composition should be no less than 120 words.

Outline:

1. 中国足球的现状。

2. 中国足球的进步与不足。 3. 对足球的展望。 2.1 Appreciation

Future of China’s Football Currently football is the world’s No. 1 sport. Billions of Chinese people are watching the World Cups almost each time, but unfortunately, the Chinese team almost fails in the Asian qualifications, let alone entering the World Cups. What an agony for every Chinese! However, we should never accept such defeat as final but rise to fight again. We have to see football in a new light. On the one hand, our team is still rather weak. We lack for a galaxy of world-class stars and qualified coaches with much winning experience in international games. Moreover, strong teams are often firmly supported by powerful economy. The developing China cannot afford big football funds yet. On the other hand, we have made great leaps in our football league; professional football has become one of the world’s largest industries, backed by millions of fans. And the last but not the least problem is that our Asian rivals have also made bigger progress. China’s football will have a bright future. With the rapid growth of our economy, this sport has been attracting more money and better coaches even from abroad and a growing number of football fans as well. We believe that our football team will be getting much stronger in the near future.

2.2 Analysis

⑴ Framework of the essay

Para. 1 中国足球的现状

TS: Currently football … No. 1 sport. (引出主题)

DS: 1. Billions of … World Cups.（中国足球的处境） 2. What an agony … Chinese! (中国人民的苦恼) Para. 2以新的角度看待我们的足球

TS: We have … a new light.

DS: 1. On the one hand,… fund yet. (角度一：不足之处)

2. On the other hand, … fans. (角度二：中国足球的进步)

3. And the last … bigger progress. (角度三：其他国家的足球也在进步) Para. 3 对足球的展望

TS: China’s football … bright future. (中国足球的未来) DS: 1. With the … as well. (外援和经济的支持) 2. We believe … near future. (寄予希望) ⑵ Useful Pattern Drills

1. However, we should never accept such defeat as final but rose to fight again.

2. On the other hand, we have made great leaps in our football league; professional football

has become one of the world’s largest industries, backed by millions of fans.

3. With the rapid growth of our economy, this sport has been attracting more money and

better coaches even from abroad and a growing number of football fans as well. ⑶ Choice of Words

1. let alone 2.agony(c.f. suffering) 3.in a … light 4 . galaxy (c.f. famous people) 5.make great leaps in (c.f. make progress in) 6.back(Vt.)

3.Production

Practice One

It Pays to be Honest 1. 当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象。 2. 诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实。

Practice Two

Knowledge and Certificates

1. 人们常把知识和文凭联系在一起。

2. 然而，一个有丰富知识的人并不意味着就应该有张文凭。 3. 我们也不应该想当然地认为有文凭的人就一定有学问。

III. Writing based on key words given （关键词作文） 1.写作技巧

1.1 认真审清标题，对要写的短文主题、内容和结构有一个大致的安排。 1.2 把关键词和标题结合起来研究，判断短文的中心思想。

1.3 结合关键词的给出顺序和短文中心，确定各词语间的逻辑关系和内容层次，然后分好

段落并拟好提纲。

1.4 关键词的使用上有两点值得注意： ⑴全部用上，不要遗漏。

⑵不要顾此失彼：只考虑词语使用而忽视了整篇短文的一致性、连贯性和条理性。

2.Sample

Directions: Write a composition entitled “ Fake Diplomas” based on the following words

and phrases given.

Key words: problem, practical abilities, disorder, do harm to, eliminate, keep detailed record

of, punish, cope with, prohibit

2.1 Appreciation

Fake Diplomas

It’s reported that fake diplomas have become a very serious problem in the personnel market nowadays. The prospective employers put too much emphasis on the job seekers’ educational background, and neglect their practical abilities. As a result, all kinds of fake diplomas and certificates come into being to meet this abnormal phenomenon in our society. Therefore, fake diplomas disorder the job and employment markets and even do harm to the society. Nevertheless, our government has adopted a series of means to eliminate fake diplomas. For one thing, some organizations have kept detailed record of the diploma holders and issued the diplomas with fake-proof seal, which can’t be easily copied. For another, for those who fabricate fake diplomas government has take legal measures to punish them severely, including forcing them to pay a heavy fine. Finally, some employers have given more weight to candidates’ abilities. Once they find their employees get the jobs by using fake diplomas, they will dismiss them from their posts immediately. The above only serve as the basic ways to cope with the problems. Therefore, we should work out some more effective methods to prohibit fake diplomas. 2.2 Analysis

⑴ Framework of the essay Para. 1—Introduction

TS: It is reported … nowadays. (假文凭现象的严重性) DS: 1.The prospective … abilities. （出现的原因） 2.As a result,… our society. (后果)

3.Therefore,… harm to the society. (危害) Para. 2 — Body

TS: Nevertheless… fake diplomas. (采取措施)

DS: 1.For one thing … easily copied. (措施一) 2.For another… fines. (措施二) 3.Finally … job posts. (措施三)

Para. 3 — Conclusion

TS: The above … problems. (处理问题的方法) DS: Therefore … fake diplomas.（禁止假文凭） ⑵ Useful pattern drills

1.The prospective employers put too much emphasis on the job seekers’ educational background, and neglect their practical abilities.

2. For one thing, some organizations have kept detailed record of the diploma holders and issued the diplomas with fake-proof seal, which can’t be easily copied. ⑶ Choice of words

1.prospective (c.f. future) 2.come into being/existence 3. issue (c.f. give) 4.fabricate (c.f. make) 5.give weight to (c.f. pay attention to)

3. Production

Practice One

Advantages of Oral Communications

Key words: face to face, by telephone, speed, convey instantly, oral response, instant

feedback, a conversation, reactions, in telephone conversations, tone of voice, control of the situation, written messages, audience, pay attention, be well received

Practice Two

The Reform of College Curricula

Key words: complain, not much helpful, acquire, outdate, impractical, inapplicable, it is high

time to, new economic system, connected with, pure theory, be competent for, the shift of the economic system, corresponding change in, make adjustment, catch up with

IV. Writing based on visual aids （图表作文）

1. 写作技巧 1.1 仔细观察研究图表内容，包括图表的文字、说明部分和图表中的具体数据，以弄清图

表所试图反映的问题、现象或趋势。

1.2 在充分领会图表信息的基础上，结合标题和其他提示构思文章布局。一般说来，图表作

文可采用以下这种结构：

第一段 描写数据的主要趋势，对数据进行分析比较 第二段 分析解释表象后面的原因 第三段 结论 1.3 文章中引用的数据应代表其体现的趋势或变化，而决不能毫无目的地大量照搬堆砌。 1.4语言要客观，结论应合乎逻辑。

2. 常用句型