最新全国名校高考英语模拟题汇编2（带答案解析，很实用）

阅读理解(共两节)第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。A

Most people believe future humans are going to outer space, rather than inner space. They don't realize that space is rapidly becoming an informational desert, and that there will be very few people interested in going into space for any reason whatsoever in the future.

In 2050 there will likely be a “Planet Channel” for every planet of the solar system, but most people will be very content to watch what the robots are doing rather than run down Olympus Mons on Mars in person, at 1/3 gravity, as fun as that may sound. By the middle of this century，our “eyes in space” will have run out of almost everything that might be interesting to find. As the astronomer Martin Harwit observed in the excellent and very underappreciated Cosmic Discovery，1981, we have been running out of unique astronomical features to discover for decades.

By the mid 21st century there will be a few areas of the physical spectrum(范围), like gravity waves, which will remain underexplored. But virtually everything else will have been modeled well to a first approximation (概算), and our simulation science will be clearly more fruitful at that time than our data driven explorations. Already, Hubble sees to the edge of the universe. What more can we ask? That's like having a map of Earth. Once you get the first one, you pay a lot less for the next ones.

Unlike inner space, the range of possibility for probing(探测), combining and computing with ever more miniaturized (小型化的) matter, outer space rapidly becomes “computationally closed”. There is simply no compelling reason to go to outer space, and every reason to go to inner space, as we'll discuss more later.

21．By saying “an informational desert”， the author really means an area in which________．

A．there is much information in store for usB．information technology is developing fast C．it is very hard to find the necessary informationD．there is no valuable information left 22．What does the author mainly discuss in the passage? A．The reason why future humans should go into outer space.

B．The reason why we shouldn't make much effort in exploring outer space. C．The history and the future of space exploration.

D．The difference in outer space exploration and inner space exploration. 23．The author holds the view that ________． A．humans can survive in outer space in the future B．much of outer space remains to be discovered C．there remains very little for us to explore in outer space

D．we should keep a balance between the exploration of outer and inner space 24．What will the author talk about in the paragraph closely following the passage? A．The need to explore inner space.B．How to explore inner space.

C．The difficulty in exploring inner space.D．What “computationally closed” means.

B

TOKYO — If you grow old in Japan, you may expect to be served food by a robot, ride a voice-recognition wheelchair or even possibly hire a nurse in a robotic suit — all examples of cutting-edge technology to care for the country's rapidly graying population.

With nearly 22 percent of Japan's population already aged 65 or older, businesses here have been rolling out everything from easy-entry cars to remote-controlled beds, fueling a care-technology market worth some $1.08 billion in 2006, according to industry figures.

At a home care and rehabilitation (恢复) convention in Tokyo this week, buyers crowded round a demonstration of Secom Co.'s My Spoon feeding robot，which helps elderly or disabled people eat with a spoon and a fitted swiveling (转动的) arm.

Operating a joystick (操纵杆) with his chin, developer Shigehisa Kobayashi maneuvered the arm toward a block of soft tofu, deftly (灵巧地) getting the fork to break off a piece. The arm then returned to a preprogrammed position in front of the mouth, allowing Kobayashi to bite and swallow.

“It's all about empowering people to help themselves，” Kobayashi said. The Tokyo-based company has already sold 300 of the robots, which come with a price tag of $ 3，500. “We want to give the elderly control over their own lives，” he said.

The rapidly aging population here has spurred a spate of concerns: a labor shortage, tax falls, financial difficulties in paying the health bills and pensions of large numbers of the elderly.

Moreover, a breakdown of family ties in recent years means a growing number of older Japanese are spending their golden years away from the care traditionally provided by children

and grandchildren.

That's where cutting-edge technology steps in. 25．Shigehisa Kobayashi is the name of ________．

A．an elderly patientB．a robotC．the developer of the robotD．the head of a company 26．The underlined word “maneuvered” in the fourth paragraph probably means “________”．

A．moved skillfully B．turned carefullyC．lifted with effort D．fixed quickly 27．With the special robots, the elderly in Japan can ________． A．put their lives under the control of the robotsB．help themselves

C．save a lot of money for the governmentD．have their medical bills reduced 28．We can conclude from the passage that ________．

A．the cutting-edge technology makes it easier for the young and old in Japan to keep ties B．the cutting-edge technology has changed the traditional family system in Japan C．the elderly in Japan usually live far away from their children and grandchildren D．the rapidly aging population in Japan has caused many social problems

C

Powerful enough to lift 1，000 pounds, capable of going where no man can go and able to stop a flowing oil well, a team of undersea robots have become known as superheroes in the effort to stop the oil pouring into the Gulf of Mexico.

The underwater remote-operated vehicles are able to stand 5，000 pounds of deep-sea pressure in the Gulf of Mexico. They can also lift a ton, take photos, and they are the best-equipped vehicles in the world. “They are very active and they are playing a very vital role in everything we do，” BP spokesman Mark Salt said in a statement. “People can't be down there, but these robots can do.”

Robots are working 5，000 feet below sea level to help contain the leak (泄漏), which has poured out millions of gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico since the Deepwater Horizon, a kind of off-shore drilling (钻孔) equipment operated by BP, blew up on April 20, killing 11 workers.

The cameras that provide the data are attached to the robots as they work around the leaking site. They made news this week when one robot bumped into a cap that had been collecting some of the oil, forcing BP to remove it for about 10 hours and leaving the flow into the Gulf unchecked.

However, there's been only one other problem in two months, despite their demanding tasks.

The most popular remote-operated vehicle is known as the “ROV” and is being used in the project. It's 11.5 feet long and weighs 8，000 pounds. It has human-like arms and its wrists can work continuously like a drill. Jeffrey Harris, an employee from Oceaneering International Inc., which provided about 14 robots to work in the Gulf, said, “It's like a construction worker, but it is doing one of the most demanding jobs in the world.”

29．According to the passage, undersea robots are being used to ________． A．take photos along the seaside beachB．do experiments on deep-sea pressure C．collect as much of the oil from the oil well as possible D．help stop the oil flowing into the Gulf of Mexico 30．What do we know from the passage?

A．Undersea robots play an important role in stopping the flow of oil. B．An undersea robot in the Gulf of Mexico weighs 1，000 pounds. C．Undersea robots can do whatever they are asked to. D．The Deepwater Horizon is also an undersea robot.

31．Which of the following statements is NOT true about the “ROV”？ A．It is doing a difficult job.B．It weighs 5，000 pounds.

C．It's just like a construction worker.D．It's a popular remote-operated robot. 32．What is the passage mainly about?

A．An accident that happened in the Gulf of Mexico. B．Human beings' new relationship with robots. C．A wonderful job done by a team of undersea robots. D．The “ROV”， a popular human-like robot on sale.

D

Now scientists have discovered the first hard evidence that the animals actually behave like their masters, too. Just like children, they adopt a “look and learn” approach which means they can mimic humans' actions when going about canine (犬的) tasks.

Biologists and psychologists at the universities of Vienna and Oxford designed an experiment to test the theory that dogs do have the ability to copy what they see, using a simple wooden box. In the study, 10 owners showed their dogs how to open the wooden box, sometimes using their

heads to push a handle and sometimes using their hands.

In the first part of the test, five dogs were rewarded with a piece of sausage for copying their owners' actions. The other five were rewarded with food for not copying, and using other methods. With each dog the experiment was repeated hundreds of times, and the time taken for a dog to get it “right” on 85 percent of attempts (17 goes out of 20) was recorded. The dogs encouraged to mirror their owners reached this point almost three times sooner, on average, than those rewarded for not copying them.

In the second part of the test, all the dogs were only rewarded for copying the method their owners used. The five dogs previously rewarded for copying their owners reached the 85 percent mark more than twice as quickly as the other five.

Writing in a paper published today in Proceedings of the Royal Society, they concluded: “Like humans, dogs cannot help imitating (模仿)actions they see.” Going further, they said: “The results suggest that the imitative behavior of dogs is shaped more by their developmental interactions with humans than by their evolutionary history of domestication (驯化)．”

Caroline Kisko, from the Kennel Club, said: “A dog's behavior is influenced much like that of a child; learning right from wrong and adopting similar patterns of behavior. We hope that owners understand the importance of their actions and use this knowledge to set good examples and therefore positively influence the behavior of their pets.”

33．What does the passage mainly tell us?

A．Dogs can use simple tasks.B．Dogs are really intelligent animals.

C．Masters can influence their dogs positively.D．Dogs behave like their masters. 34．The last paragraph suggests that ________．

A．a vicious man can raise a vicious dogB．dogs always behave positively C．dogs can be influenced by other men besides their masters D．dogs are the best kind of pets

35．The underlined word “mimic” in the first paragraph probably means “________”． A．understand B．copyC．count D．join in

第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

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