M5U1Grammar导学案

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Learning Aims:

1. Make students recognize the basic forms of the to-infinitive and bare infinitive 2. Learn how to use them in different situations

3. Learn how to use the verb-ing form as a noun in various situations Difficult Points:

1. How to identify the function of to-infinitive in different sentences 2. Master the grammatical terms presented in the textbook 3. Learn how to use this structure to make some sentences

Self-study

Ⅰ. What is the basic form of to-infinitive? Present some examples to show it. 时态 语态 主动 被动 动词不定式 一般式 动名词 to do doing 动词不定式 进形式 动名词 动词不定式 完成式 动名词 动词不定式 完成进形式 动名词

Ⅱ. 动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”。动词不定式可以单独使用或用作动词不定式短语的一个部分。不定式在句中可做主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语等，但不能单独作谓语。

Analyze the basic elements of the words in italic type in the following sentences

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（找出并分析句下列句中不定式在句中充当的成分）

1.It is a shame to laugh at your friend. ( ) 2. To change this ideal into reality needs hard work. .( ) 3. Hope to see you again. ( ) 4. She wanted me to give her some money. ( )

5.Madam Curie was the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize for science. ( )

6. All I could do was (to) send him a telegram. ( ) 7. I come here to say good-bye to you. ( )

Ⅲ. Translate the following sentences into English: 1.学一门外语不容易。

_______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 我的想法是马上给他打电话。

__________________________________________________________________ 3.医生劝玛丽多锻炼

__________________________________________________________________ 4.我去找别人来做某事

__________________________________________________________________ 5. 我有许多书要读。

__________________________________________________________________ 6. 他总是第一个到，最后一个走。

__________________________________________________________________ 7.很高兴见到你

__________________________________________________________________ 8.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

__________________________________________________________________

Ⅳ. Questions or Difficult Points: ①_______________________________________________________________________ ② ______________________________________________________________________ ③_______________________________________________________________________

Group-study

I. Translate the following sentences（bare infinitive）and make some conclusion: 1.我常常听到他在唱歌。

__________________________________________________________________

2.常常有人听到他在唱歌。（被动）

____________________________________________________________________

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3.他宁愿呆在家里。（would rather）

________________________________________________________________________

Conclusion: (1)在feel、 hear、 listen to 等感官动词后，或在let、 make、 have 等使役

动词后的宾语补足语中，不定式不带“to”。 但是这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带“to”。例如：

I often hear him sing the song.

She made me promise to write every day. He is often heard to sing the song. I was made to promise to write every day.

(2)would rather、 had better和why not 后面，不定式不带“to”。例如：

I would rather stay at home. Why not come in?

Self-test

I:Finish the Ex on P9 II: Multiple Choice：

1. She pretended ______ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen

2. There are five pairs ______, but I'm at a loss which to buy.

A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing

3. It seems that he has no pen ______.

A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with

4. -Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day -______ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.

A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting

5.In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving ______ their products more competitive.

A. to make B. making C. to have make D. having make

6. On seeing the young child ___into the lake, John sprang to his feet, and went to the rescue。 A. fell B. fall C. falling D to fall

7. I have got a loaf of bread ; now I’m looking for a knife____.

A. to cut it with B. to cut with it C. with it to cut D. it to cut with

8. The local health organization is reported ___ twenty-five years ago when Dr. Allen became its first president.

A. to be set up B. being set up C. to have been set up D. having been set up

9. Surely her daughter would make an even bigger effort ______ her? A．please B．pleased C．to please D．having pleased

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10. ______in the final examination in a short time is really difficult． A．To make high scores B．Making high scores C．To make low goal D．Making low goal

Verb-ing form as a noun

Learning Aims:

1. Make students recognize the basic forms of Verb-ing form as a noun 2. Learn how to use the verb-ing form as a noun in various situations

Self-study Task One

1..动名词的形式 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 过去式 2.Translation ①.__________ ______________ __________ _________ or _________ ________________ _____________ __________ (给自己花钱或过舒适的生活)means little for him.

②.___________ costs for nothing.(梦想是不花钱的)。

Group-study

动名词的句法功能：动名词(doing)既有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语， 也可代替名词在句中担任主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语和定语。

⑴作主语，可以直接放在句首，也可以用先行代词it作为形式主语，而把动名词后置。

Collecting stamps is a good hobby. (单个动名词短语作主语时，动词用单数) Talking like that is not polite. Tanslation ① 这样做可以节省大量的时间和金钱。

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