2015-2016新版沪版初中牛津初中英语八年级下册Unit3知识点语法精讲精练

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Unit 3 Traditional skills

常考短语：

1.paper cutting 剪纸 2.set off 动身，出发

3.after dark 天黑后，黄昏后 4.all the time 一直，始终

5.up to 到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有 6.up and down 起伏，上下波动 7.no more 不再，再也不

8.tie...around 拴 ,, 在 ,, 周围 9.cut out 剪成

10.in the shape of 以 ,, 的形状 11.put on 穿上；上演 12.close to 靠近 13.put up 张贴

14.a piece of 一片，一条 15.after dark 天黑后 要点全解：

1.used to do sth 过去常常做某事 be used to do sth 被用来做某事

be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 2.fit 形容词－健康的；动词－合适。 3.set off=set out

出发，动身

4.be ready for sth 准备好的； be ready to do sth 准备做某事 5.stop ... from doing sth 阻止 ,, 做某事 6.reach=get to=arrive at/in 到达

7.attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力 8.throw ... into

把 ,, 扔进

throw ...away 扔掉 throw...at 向 ,, 扔去

9.make a mistake 犯错误， by mistake 错误地， mistake A for B 把 A 错认为 B 10.bring up 抚养，教育，培养 11.keep (sb./sth.)+adj. 使 ,, 保持 ,, keep (sb./sth.) doing 使 ,, 不停地做某事

12.be in good/bad health 健康状况好（不好） healthy 健康的

13.voice 嗓音，常指人的嗓音、说话声及鸟的鸣叫声。

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noise 杂声，常指不悦耳的喧闹声。

sound 声音，泛指人耳能听到的自然界中的各种声音，不论高低，是否悦耳。 She has a sweet voice.

There’s too much noise here.

Can you hear strange sounds from the next room? 14.be made of 由 ,, 制成，可以看得出原材料。

be made from 由 ,, 制成，看不出原材料。

be made up of 由 ,, 组成 /构成，表示某物由若干部分构成。 The doll is made up of four parts. 语法——被动语态。

（ 1）英语动词有两种语态 .，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：

They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动 )

A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动 )

汉语中常用 ―被 ‖、 ―给 ‖、―由‖、―受 ‖等词用来表示被动，而英语用：

助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。

（ 2）主动语态变为被动语态要加 ―to的‖情况。

若宾语补足语是不带 to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加

\。此

类动词为感官动词， 如：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice,

watch 等。例如：

The teacher made me go out of the classroom.

I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher). （ 3）主动形式表示被动意义。

如 wash, clean, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等动词虽然用做主动

形式却表示被动的意义。例如： The food tastes good.

(4) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化

主要体现在 be 的变化上，其形式与系动词

be 的变化形式完全一样。列表如下：

一般现在时： am / is / are + done

一般过去时： was / were + done

一般将来时： shall / will + be done

一般过去将来时： should / would + be done

现在进行时： am / is / are + being + done

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过去进行时： was / were + being + done

现在完成时： have / has + been + done

过去完成时： had + been + done

练习：

1.Great changes ______ place. Many new schools______.

A.have taken, have been opened B.take, are open C.are taken, open A. built B. is built

D.have been taken, are opened

2. The building ____ in 1999. 3. When _____the accident

C. was built D. build

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A. was, happen B. did. happen A. were looked

C. is, happen D. was, happened

4.The children ___ by the nurse in the kindergarten now.

B. are being looked after

C. were looked after D. are looking after 5. Our classroom must ____ clean

A. keep A. speaks

B. be kept B. is speaking

C. to keep D. to be kept

D. is spoken D. is changed into

6. Chinese ___ by the largest number of people in the world.

C. are speaking

8. The bottle on the table ____ cool water.

A. is covered with A. told

B. is made of C. is full of

9. I ___ to bring my book to school yesterday.

B. was told C. was telling D. had been told

10. My clock ____. Can you mend it for, ？

C. doesn ’ t walk D. doesn't work A. doesn ’ t use B. isn ’tworked

11. The flowers _____ well if they _____.

A. won ’ t grow, don't take good care ofB. don't grow, are taken good care of C. don't grow, don't take good care of D. won ’ t grow, are not taken good care of 12. We ’ re glad that another Shenzhen underground____ very soon.

A. will complete C. has completed A. will be finished A.turn

B. will be completed D. has been completed

13. The work ______soon.

B. finishes C. has finished

D. will finish D. is turning

14. Trees ______ green in spring.

B. are turned

C. would turn

B. watered

D. has been watered

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15. Some flowers ____ by Kate already.

A. have been watered C. have watered

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Unit 3 Traditional skills

一、要点概括

二、 hang on 用作电话用语（其后可接 a minute, a moment, a while之类的词），意为：等一下；别放下电话；别挂断。

1. reach 除了“到达”外，还有“伸手去够或拿”的意思。如： Some oranges are hard to reach.

The girl was short so she couldn’treach the cup on the table. 【区别】 get, reach和 arrive

? get 是不及物动词，常和 to 连用。但当“到达”的地点是 home 或副词（here, there） 时， to 需要省略。如： When did you get there last night? I get home at 7:00 pm every day.

? arrive 为不及物动词，后须加上介词 in/ at 才能连接表示地点的名词。

表示到达大城市或国家时要用 arrive in，而到达乡村、车站等小地方则用 arrive at。如： We arrived in London last week.

The doctor arrived at the village at last.

? reach为及物动词，其后既可以跟名词也可跟副词。如： I reached Beijing the day before yesterday. We reached here on foot. 一、单词拼写。

1. The English teachers r________ the students to listen carefully. 2. Let’s h__________ the picture on the wall.

3. When he r________ Guangzhou, it was almost 11 pm.

4. The books over there are on science. Waht about the r________. 5. Eating much vegetable is good for you to keep f_________. 二、完成句子。

1. 男孩家离学校很远，所以他不得不每天一大早就出发。

The boy lives far from the school, so he has to _______ _________ in early morning every day.

2. 天黑后，人们离开办公室回家。

_________ __________, people leave office and go home.

3. 只要你不再吸烟，你可以更健康并活得更久。

You can be healthier and live longer, if you just smoke ________ ________. 4. 办公室小弟每天都很忙，我们经常都看到他上上下下来回地跑。

The office boy is very busy every day, we often see hime run ________ _________ _________. 三、句子翻译

1. 她又高又瘦。她有着一头黑色长发。她戴着眼镜。

______________________________________________________________ 2. 他非常年轻，又爱又胖，留着一头棕色的短发。

_____________________________________________________________ 3. 剪刀和纸被用于剪纸工艺。

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