高一英语周末家庭作业练习的答案和讲解

高一英语假期练习（12 月5-6日）

Part one: Translation

1 我昨天弄坏了我借的自行车，所以我不得不修。

I broke the bike (that / which) I borrowed yesterday, so I had to get it repaired. get sth done 让某物被做；请人做某事： 我不得不情人把车修了。

2 父母们总是很担心我们。

Parents are always concerned about us.

(sb) be concerned about sb / sth = (sb) be worried about sb / sth

3 溜狗时，我们应该很小心。

we should be careful while (we are) walking the / a dog.

状语从句的省略原则：状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致且状语从句的谓语动词是be动词时，状语从句的主语和be动词可以一起省略。 One more example:

We would have done it much better if (we had been) given more time and money.

4 我本该暑假时学开车的。

I should have learned to drive in summer vacation. 情态动词 + have done sth 的用法和意义 would have done sth 本将做了某事，（事实上没有做） could have done sth 本能做了某事，（事实上没有做） should have done sth 本应该做了某事，（事实上没有做） may / might / could have done sth 本可能做了某事，（事实上没有做）

One more example:

He could have been admitted to a better university if she had worked harder. 如果他更努力一点，他可能已经被一所更好的大学录取了。（事实上他没有被一所更好的大学录取）

5 做作业之前，你应该将课文复习一遍。

Before doing your exercises , you should go over the text. go over sth = review sth vt 复习

6 这对夫妇告诉我们这是他们第四次游西湖。

The couple told us it was the fourth time that they had visited West Lake. 句型： it is the first (second, tenth, ... ) time that sb has / have done sth it was the first (second, tenth, ... ) time that sb had done sth

7 许多问题解决了，经理感到很满意。

With a lot of difficult problems settled, the manager felt very pleased. “with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的结构，即 “with的复合结构”

e.g. English is becoming increasingly important with more and more people communicating in English around the world.

8 我发现与同学相处很难。

I find it hard to get along well with my classmates.

it是形式宾语，hard 是宾语补足语，不定式to get along well with my classmates.是真正的宾语。 即“6123”结构： 动词（常用的有6个：think, feel, believe, consider, find, make,) + 形式宾语 (唯一的it) + 宾语补足语 (常常是两种词类：形容词或名词) + 真正的宾语 （常常是3种：不定式，或者动名词，或者that引导的宾语从句） 下面第9句就是一个例子。 one more example:

Our school makes it a rule that whoever smokes will be suspended from school for a while. 我们学校规定不管是谁抽烟都会被留校察看一段时间。

9 我认为跟他们谈这件事没用。

I think it no use talking about it with them.

10 计算机在现代社会中起着重要的作用。

Computers play an important role in our society. play a (...) role / part in sth

11 尽管她不知道去某些地方的最佳路线，她确坚持要尽善尽美地安排这次旅游。

Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she (should) organize the trip properly.

表示“建议，要求，命令”等一类的动词，其后的宾语从句为：should + （not）+ 原形动词, should 可以省略

one more example:

The public demand that the government (should) do something to stop the air pollution getting worse. 公众要求政府采取措施防止空气污染越来越严重。

12 一般而言，山顶上空气会很难呼吸。

Generally speaking, the air on the top of mountain would be hard to breathe.

一般地，人们说 breathe air, do work, clean the floor 等等。在句子中，常常可以说： (the) air be hard to breathe; (the) work be easy to do; the floor be too dirty to clean; ...

好像是及物动词 breathe, do, clean, 等要“回头”, 与前面的 (the) air, (the) work, the floor 连起来 理解；这种现象被语法学家归纳为：“及物回头”现象。

13 她一旦下定决心，什么也不能使她改变。

Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.

sb make up one's mind (to do sth) = sb be determined (to do sth) (某人)下定决心(做某事)

14 一路上穿着长羊毛大衣的孩子们停下来看我们。

Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us. 区别 stop to do sth 与 stop doing sth

15 我们发现我们在云中骑行。

We found ourselves cycling through clouds. find sb + 宾语补足语：

16 我们迫不及待地去看他们。

We can hardly wait to see them. / We can't wait to see them.

can hardly wait to do sth = can't wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事

17 我一直等到窗户不得不关的时候才下楼。（普通句型，倒装句型，和强调句型） I didn't go downstairs until the window had to be shut. Not until the window had to be shut did I go downstairs .

It wan not until the window had to be shut that I went downstairs .

18 只有当你能够发现内心平静的时候你才能与别人保持良好关系。

Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others. only +状语放在句首，句子（如果是复合句，这是指主句）采用部分倒装

19 如果你不愿意投入时间和精力到你的工作中，就别指望得到任何回报。

If you are not willing to devote your time and energy to your work ,don’t expect to receive any rewards .

be (not) willing to do sth (不)愿意做某事 expect to do sth 料想去做某事

20 我非常感激我的老师曾为我做的一切。

I am very grateful for what my teacher did for me. be grateful for sth 对某事充满感激