5年高考3年模拟A版浙江省高考英语总复习附录一构词法教师用书含解析

附录一 构词法

一、派生

(一)后缀法 1.变名词

(1)-ence,-ance结尾的名词:

存在exist—existence 发生occur—occurrence 查阅/参考refer—reference 更喜欢/偏好prefer—preference

不同differ—difference 接受accept—acceptance 出现/外表appear—appearance 履行perform—performance 抵制resist—resistance 指导guide—guidance 进入enter—entrance 保险insure—insurance 帮助assist—assistance

忍受 endure—endurance/tolerate—tolerance (2)-tion,-sion结尾的名词:

生产produce—production 介绍introduce—introduction 消费consume—consumption 减少reduce—reduction 认为/假设assume—assumption/suppose—supposition

毁灭 destroy—destruction 描写describe—description 打断 interrupt—interruption 采纳/收养 adopt—adoption 防止 prevent—prevention 接收/接待处receive—reception

解决 solve—solution 进化evolve—evolution 建议 suggest—suggestion 编辑/版本 edit—edition 展览 exhibit—exhibition 打算/意图 intend—intention 认出recognize—recognition 解释/定义 define—definition 保护 protect—protection 方向/指导direct—direction 指令 instruct—instruction 建设construct—construction 注射 inject—injection 感染 infect—infection 驳斥 reject—rejection

反对 object—objection/oppose—opposition

连接connect—connection 收集 collect—collection 纠正 correct—correction 视察 inspect—inspection 挑选select—selection 选举 elect—election 限制 restrict—restriction

抵触/矛盾contradict—contradiction

保留 reserve—reservation 保存 preserve—preservation 保护conserve—conservation 观察observe—observation

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挨饿starve—starvation 组织organize—organization 文明 civilize—civilization 认识 realize—realization 考试examine—examination 决定determine—determination 形成form—formation 通知 inform—information

想象 imagine—imagination 运输transport—transportation 邀请invite—invitation 期待expect—expectation 诱惑 tempt—temptation 改编/适应 adapt—adaptation 移民 immigrate—immigration 模仿 imitate—imitation 准备prepare—preparation 探索explore—exploration 考虑consider—consideration 宣布 declare—declaration 装饰 decorate—decoration 激发/灵感 inspire—inspiration 放松/休闲 relax—relaxation 交流communicate—communication 占用/职业 occupy—occupation

满足satisfy—satisfaction 申请/应用 apply—application 暗示 imply—implication 推荐 recommend—recommendation 口译/理解 interpret—interpretation

结合 combine—combination 操作/手术 operate—operation 犹豫hesitate—hesitation 教育educate—education 定位 locate—location 指出 indicate—indication 参加 participate—participation 计算 calculate—calculation 欣赏/感激appreciate—appreciation 联想/协会 associate—association

分离 separate—separation 冬眠 hibernate—hibernation 赔偿 compensate—compensation 调查 investigate—investigation 庆祝 celebrate—celebration 祝贺 congratulate—congratulation 翻译 translate—translation 积累 accumulate—accumulation

加速 accelerate—acceleration 捐赠 donate—donation 解放liberate—liberation 动力motivate—motivation 革新innovate—innovation 集中concentrate—concentration 游行/示威 demonstrate—demonstration

贡献contribute—contribution 分发 distribute—distribution 促进 promote—promotion

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致力 devote—devotion/dedicate—dedication 沮丧 frustrate—frustration/depress—depression

印象impress—impression 表达express—expression 拥有/财产possess—possession 讨论discuss—discussion 扩大 expand—expansion 延伸extend—extension

承认 admit—admission 允许 permit—permission 排放 emit—emission 爆炸explode—explosion 结论conclude—conclusion 决定 decide—decision 划分divide—division 迷惑confuse—confusion (3)-ment结尾的名词:

广告 advertise—advertisement 同意 agree—agreement 惊奇amaze—amazement 吃惊 astonish—astonishment 通告announce—announcement 安排 arrange—arrangement 评估assess—assessment 发展 develop—development 失望disappoint—disappointment 雇用/就业employ—employment 鼓舞 encourage—encouragement 款待/娱乐entertain—entertainment 装备 equip—equipment 统治/政府govern—government

改进improve—improvement 投资 invest—investment 卷入 involve—involvement 管理 manage—management 惩罚 punish—punishment 要求 require—requirement 退休 retire—retirement 定居/定居处settle—settlement

阐述/陈述 state—statement 对待/治疗treat—treatment 以……为基础/地下室base—basement 铺/人行道 pave—pavement

完成/成就achieve—achievement/accomplish—accomplishment (4)-ness结尾的名词: adj.—n.

意识aware—awareness/conscious—consciousness 苦bitter—bitterness 盲目blind—blindness 冷静 calm—calmness 聪明 clever—cleverness 疯狂crazy—craziness 渴望 eager—eagerness 公平fair—fairness 愚蠢 foolish—foolishness 适合 fit—fitness 幸福/愉快happy—happiness

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疾病ill—illness 友好 kind—kindness 懒惰 lazy—laziness 孤独lonely—loneliness 宁静 quiet—quietness 悲伤 sad—sadness

严重性 serious—seriousness 甜美sweet—sweetness 稳定 steady—steadiness 厚度thick—thickness 累 tired—tiredness 弱点 weak—weakness 冷/冷淡 cold—coldness 惶恐不安nervous—nervousness 思乡 homesick—homesickness

粗心 careless—carelessness 自私selfish—selfishness 无私selfless—selflessness/unselfish—unselfishness 无助/无望helpless—helplessness/hopeless—hopelessness (5)-age结尾的名词:

婚姻marry—marriage 短缺short—shortage 储存store—storage 包裹pack—package 车厢carry—carriage 通道pass—passage (6)-th结尾的名词:

温暖warm—warmth 真理true—truth 死亡dead—death 成长grow—growth (7)-ure结尾的名词:

快乐please—pleasure 离开depart—departure 暴露expose—exposure 压力press—pressure 失败fail—failure 混合mix—mixture 签名sign—signature (8)-ce结尾的名词: adj.—n.

缺席 absent—absence 出席present—presence

信心 confident—confidence 方便 convenient—convenience 不同different—difference 勤奋 diligent—diligence 远的/距离distant—distance 明显的/证据evident—evidence

优秀excellent—excellence 重要important—importance 独立 independent—independence 天真/无辜innocent—innocence

智力 intelligent—intelligence 公正 just—justice 耐心patient—patience 浪漫 romantic—romance 沉默silent—silence 暴力violent—violence v.—n.

冒犯 offend—offence

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