英语语法术语 课堂教学用语

常见的语法术语摘要

1. 名词 noun 动词 verb 形容词 adjective 数词 numeral 2. 代词 pronoun

3. 介词 preposition 副词 adverb 连词 conjunction 冠词 article 4. 感叹词 interjection

5. 结构：structure 简单句 simple sentences 并列句 compound sentences 6. 复合句 complex sentences 7. 倒装句 inverted sentences 8. 省略句 elliptical sentences

9. 陈述句 declarative sentences 疑问句 interrogative sentences 10. 祈使句 imperative sentences 感叹句 exclamatory sentences 11. 否定句 negative sentences 被动句 passive sentences 12. 虚拟语气句 subjunctive sentences 13. 强调句 emphasis

14. 表语 predicative 主语 subject 谓语 predicate 谓语动词 finite verb 15. 非谓语动词 non-finite verb 16. 情态动词 modal verb

17. 并列 coordination 选择 alternative 转折 transition 对比 contrast 18. 原因 cause 结果 effect 解释 explanation 19. 动词时态 verb tenses 20. 一般现在时 simple present (tense)

21. 一般过去时 simple past (tense) 一般将来时 simple future (tense) 22. 过去将来时 future (tense) in the past 现在完成时 present perfect (tense) 23. 过去完成时 past perfect (tense) 将来完成时 future perfect (tense)

24. 现在进行时 present continuous (tense) 过去进行时 past continuous (tense) 25. 将来进行时 future continuous (tense)

26. 现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous (tense) 27. 主句 main clause 从句 subordinate clause 28. 限定性定语从句 restrictive attributive clause

29. 非限定性定语从句 non-restrictive attributive clause 30. 宾语从句 object clause 状语从句 adverbial clause 31. 主语从句 subject clause

32. 表语从句 predicative clause 同位语从句 appositive clause 33. 双重复合句 double complex sentences 34. 多重复合句 multiple complex sentences 35. 插入语 parenthesis 36. IT引导的句子 IT sentences 37. THERE引导句 THERE sentences 38. 省略名词 omission of noun

39. 判断句 statements 列举句 enumeration 比较句 comparison 让步句 concession

40. 一般疑问句 general question 特殊疑问句 special question 41. 选择疑问句 alternative question 反意疑问句 disjunctive question 42. 陈述式疑问句 declarative question 省略疑问句 elliptical question 43. 一般否定 general negation 全部否定 complete negation 44. 部分否定 partial negation

45. 双重否定 double negation 否定句 negative sentences 46. 肯定句 affirmative sentences

47. 主格 subjective case 宾格 objective case 所有格 possessive case 48. 单数与复数 singular and plural 语序 word order

49. 不定式 infinitive 动名词 gerund 现在分词 present participle 50. 主动的 active 被动的 passive 语态 voice 51. 标点符号 punctuation mark

52. 抽象的 abstract 具体的 concrete 名言 saying 语气 mood 53. 典故 allusion 习语 idiom 俚语 slang 外来语 foreign word 54. 行话 jargon

55. 直接引语 direct speech 间接引语 indirect speech

56. 疑难句 difficult sentences 叙述句 narrative sentences 说明句 expository sentences

57. 议论句 argumentative sentences 人物描写句 descriptive sentences of people

58. 动作描写句：descriptive sentences of actions 59. 环境描写句 descriptive sentences of environment 60. 日常口语句 sentences for everyday talk 61. 实用情景句 sentences of actual situations 62. 课堂教学句 sentences of classroom teaching

63. 名人语句 quotations 格言句 maxims 谚语句 proverbs 64. 状语 adverbial 补语 complement 宾语 object 65. 宾语补足语 objective complement 66. 命题 proposition

课堂教学句 sentences of classroom teaching

开始上课 beginning of the class

1. 我们开始吧 Let’s start/ Let’s begin now 2. 让我们开始上课 Let’s begin our lesson.

3. 今天我们上新课，先学生词，然后读课文 We are going to have a new lesson today. We’ll

learn the new words first. Then we’ll read the text.

4. 我们先学课文，然后提问。如果还有时间，就进行听写 First we’ll study the text, then I’ll

ask you some questions. If time permits, we’ll have a short dictation.

5. 今天的课这样上：先讲课文，然后用替换词做句型练习二。最后做一些书面练习。Today,

the class will be conducted in this way: First we’ll go over the text. Then we’ll do pattern drill II with the substitutes. And finally we’ll do some written exercises.

6. 我们今天要全面复习我们所学过的东西 Today we’ll have a general review of what we

have learned so far.

7. 我们把昨天学的内容温习一下 We’ll go over a little of what we did yesterday.

教学用语 Teaching

1. 昨天我们讲到第45页的第三行，今天我们接着讲 Yesterday we went as far as the third

line on page 45. Today we’ll go on with the text.

2. 我们接着昨天的讲 Let’s start from where we left off yesterday.

3. 我记得我们还有三段课文未讲，我希望今天能把这课讲完 I remember we have three

paragraphs to do. I hope I can wind up the lesson today.

4. 今天我们上新课，请把书翻到第20页 Today we are taking up a new lesson. Please turn to

page 20.

5. 我们先读词汇表。苏桌，请你读生词 We shall take the word list first. Su Zhuo, please read

the new words.

6. 今天我们讲课文 Today we’ll go over the text.

7. 这篇课文时由一个短篇小说改写的 This text is adapted from a short story. 8. 我给你们讲一下作者的生平 I’ll tell you something about the author’s life. 9. 现在我把第20页上的课文读一遍 Now I’ll read the text on page 20.

10. 现在我把课文给大家读一遍，你们听一下 Now I am going to read the text once for you to

listen to.

11. 现在你们听的时候不要看书 Now listen without looking at your books.

12. 我把课文从头到文读一遍，你们仔细听 I’ll read the text through once. Follow me

carefully.

13. 我先读课文，请标上重音 Now I’ll read the text first. Mark the stressed syllables.

14. 我想你们都预习了课文。谁来讲讲课文的大意？ I think you’ve all previewed the text.

Who would like to say something about the text?

15. 现在我给你们讲一讲课文大意 Now I’ll give you the general idea of the text.

16. 我想将这一段读一遍，然后再解释难句 I’ll read this paragraph first and then explain the

difficult sentences.

17. 你们对于这一段有什么问题吗？Have you got any questions about this paragraph? 18. 还有问题吗？如果没有，我就讲下一段 Are there any questions? If not, I’ll explain the

next paragraph.

19. 现在我把课文译成中文 Now I’ll put (translate/change) the text into Chinese. 20. 现有我一个人读，然后你们跟我读 I’ll read it alone first, and then you read after me. 21. 现在你们轮流读课文,王芳，你先读Now you are going to read the text one by one. Wang

Fang, you start reading first.

22. 现在请刘娜领着大家读课文 Now Liu Na, suppose you read the text. You others read after