2013年全国中学生英语能力竞赛高二决赛试题及答案 - 图文

(53) A _______ problem is the number of viewers in one household. If there is more than one viewer, then the household is given a special remote control. Every (54) someone makes use of it, they have to press their given number so that the meter reeognises who is watching.

Finally, (55) w_______ all the figures are collected, they are compared to the TV guides and in the end the national viewing figures are calculated.

III. Reading Comprehension(阅读理解)（共20小题，56-60每小题1分，61-75每小题2分计35分） Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. Please respond to the questions according to the requirements given at the end of each question.(阅读下列短文，每篇短文后设有若干问题，请根据短文后的要求回答问题) （56-58小题大案涂在答题纸上，59-75小题答案写在答题纸上)

A

Global warming is no longer just a threat--it is a reality. Most global warming has been caused by the production of greenhouse gases, in particular, carbon dioxide (CO2). Whenever we turn on the TV, drive a ear or take a flight, we add more CO2 to the atmosphere. Today we talk to environmental campaigner Gina Freeman about carbon emissions(排放物)

Reporter: Is it too late to do something about carbon emissions ？

Gina: No, it isn't. And as soon as carbon emissions decrease, air pollution will decrease.But unless we take action now, we won't reduce the effect of global warming.

Reporter: You're particularly concerned about the increase in air travel. Why?

Gina: Air travel is a major source of carbon emissions. It's estimated that by 2020 it will be the single biggest cause of global warming. I believe that we won't prevent global warming until we stop flying.

Reporter: So what can we do?

Gina: Take holidays closer to home. If we don't travel so far, we'll reduce carbon emissions. And if we travel by train, we'll only produce 12.5% of the emissions of a flight.

Reporter: But how do I visit my grandparents in Canada? I can't get there by train!

Gina: One solution is to \ (抵消), or balance, carbon emissions. For example, if you take a return London-Montreal flight, you will produce 1.46 tonnes of CO2. If you pay an organisation to reduce CO2 in the atmosphere by the same amount, you will offset your carbon emissions. There are several organisations which fund carbon offset projects.

Reporter: What kind of projects?

Gina: For example, planting trees, which absorb CO~ from the atmosphere. Reporter: So it will be OK for me to fly if I plant enough trees.

Gina: It's better not to fly at all. But if you can't avoid producing carbon, the next best thing is to offset it. Reporter: Will carbon offset projects solve the problem of global warming?

Gina: No, they won't. But the situation won't improve unless we all work together. And the future will look brighter when all governments agree to reduce carbon emissions.

Questions 56-58: Choose the best answer from A, B, C and D according to the passage. 56. If we travel by train, we'll only produce of the carbon emissions of a flight. A. one eighth B. one quarter C. two fifths D. three fourths 57. Freeman thinks that will be the biggest cause of global warming by 2020. A. train travel B. bus travel C. car travel D. air travel 58. The main idea of this passage is about___________.

A. the advantages of train traveling B. air pollution and carbon offset projects C. carbon emissions by trains and planes D. global warming and government efforts

Questions 59-60: Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage. 59. Gina Freeman thinks that planting trees can't absorb CO2 from the atmosphere.

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60. One solution to solve the problem of global warming is to balance carbon emissions. B

Francis Crick and James Watson solved the mystery of human DNA in 1953 and shared the Nobel Prize for

Medicine in 1962. (61)_______.

Many believe that Crick and Watson's discovery was largely based on X-ray pictures of atoms taken by a woman scientist, Rosalind Franklin. (62) _______ She believed that the structure of DNA could be discovered from them. In the race to describe DNA, either Franklin or Crick and Watson could have been the first to publish their results. But did the men win by cheating?

(63) Her father had refused to pay for her to study at Cambridge until he was persuaded to change his mind. And when she passed her exams, the university did not give her a full degree--only men could be given full degrees. At King's College women couldn’t be served in the same dining room as male scientists. What's more, her male colleague, Maurice Wilkins, treated her like an assistant; according to Watson, he believed that Franklin \

Yet it was Franklin's pictures described as \

photographs of any substance (物质) ever taken\that provided the clue (线索) to the mystery of DNA. (64)_______ Wilkins explained to Watson how the picture could be used to work out the structure of DNA. Both Crick and Watson clearly benefited from Franklin's work, but they didn't acknowledge (承认) it at the time. But the cancer from which Franklin died five years later, at the age of 37, was probably caused by X-rays.

(65) _________ However, Nobel prizes may only be given to the living, so Franklin can't be honored in this way. But her life shouldn't be seen as a failure. She is beginning to be recognised as a brilliant scientist.

Questions 61-65: Choose from the sentences A-G to complete the passage. There are two extra sentences which you do not need to use.

A. Franklin was accustomed (习惯的) to male prejudice (偏见) against female scientists.

B. In 1953 Maurice Wilkins showed one of Franklin's X-rays (Photo 51) to Watson without telling her.

C. Francis Crick and James Watson had helped in the finding of DNA and their work was practiced in

medicine.

D. Franklin preferred taking photos to playing games when she was a child. E. In 1950 Franklin started taking photos of atoms at King's College London. F. But was it all their own work, or did they steal someone else's?

G. Now many people think that Franklin deserves to be awarded a Nobel Prize.

C

People have been talking about space tourism ever since astronauts first landed on the moon. Will the dream ever become reality?

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Believe it or not, we're counting down to the first space tourist flight. The Virgin Galactic Spaceship is due for lift-off ( 升空 ) soon, and we'll enjoy a great journey! How exciting! I'm going to book a ticket！

Hang on, it won't be cheap--each passenger will pay US $200,000 for the three-hour flight. Over a thousand dollars a minute--that's extremely expensive!

Yes, but the space tourists will fly at three times the speed of sound, they'll experience four to five minutes of weightlessness and they'll be able to look down on Earth. \passenger will have a spectacular (壮观的) view; they will have large

windows and luxurious (豪华的) seats,\flight with members of his family. And the holiday will include pre-flight training and three days' luxury accommodation at the Virgin Galactic space camp. Initially （起初） the spaceships will take off from the Mojave Desert near Los Angeles, but later there'll be a spaceport in New Mexico. And what about people who don't have thousands of dollars?

I'm sure the cost of space flights will come down, and one day ordinary travelers will be able to go on trips into space. So perhaps our grandchildren will spend their holidays on the moon. But meanwhile, you can book a spaceship flight online at www.virgingalactic.com.

Forget it! I've got to go--I'm flying to Florida today and I'm visiting the Kennedy Space Center tomorrow. The tour starts at 9:45 a.m. …

Questions 66-70: Answer the following questions according to the passage. 66. How much will you pay if you take the Virgin Galactic Spaceship? 67. How long will you experience weightlessness during the flight?

68. Who are mentioned in the passage that will be among the first passengers? 69. Which place will the spaceship take off from initially? 70. At what website can you book a spaceship flight online?

D

The mobile phone explosion is changing Africa. It has already become the first continent to have more mobile phone users than landline subscribers (座机用户 ). The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) says Africa is the world's fastest--growing mobile phone market.

In 2001. only three percent of Africans had telephones of any kind. Countless thousands of people died because they couldn't ring up a doctor. \vendor (/小贩) has a mobile phone,\社会学家) at the University of Swaziland. \become people's way of communicating.\

In 1995 there were only four million landline telephones in South Africa. By 2005, 10 years after the country's first two mobile networks were switched on. there were 20 million mobile phone subscribers in a population of 42 million.

Traditional African culture, with its emphasis on oral story telling, encourages phone use as a means of social and family contact. The average Nigerian uses his or her mobile for 200 minutes a week， compared to 154 minutes per week in France. 149 minutes in Japan, 120 in Britain. and 88 in Germany.

Mobile transmission (传送) signals can be cut off by hills. but clever companies in Ghana have found out

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how to solve this problem. They have put up tall towers with a platform on top where you can pick up a mobile phone signal. People pay a few pence, climb up a ladder and make a call. It's much easier than taking a bus to a place where there's a signal.

Questions 71-75: Please complete the summary of the passage above with no more than two words for each blank.

Africa has become the first continent to have more mobile phone users than landline subscribers. Very few Africans had phones at the beginning of the (71] century and thousands of people died because of lack of phones to call a doctor. In 1995 there were only 4 million landline telephones in (72) . By 2005 there were twenty million mobile phone users among forty-two million people. Now many people have mobile phones and they've become their way of (73) with each other, because traditional African culture, emphasizing oral story telling, encourages people to use phones. For example. (74) other countries, such as France. Nigerians spend more time on mobile phones a week. To solve the problem that mobile transmission signals are cut off by hills, clever companies in Ghana have set up tall towers and charge people for making (75) from there.

IV. Translation（翻译）（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分）

Translate the following sentences into Chinese or English, using the hints given in the brackets.（用括号中给出的提示将下列句子译成英语或汉语。）

76. Steel cans are popular because they are convenient, easy to store and unbreakable.

77. This means that Americans love their pets very much, and they provide them with a home, food, exercise

and medical care.

78. 我真不想买那辆车，因为我负担不起。 (afford)

79. 我后悔没有与我的亲戚和老朋友们保持联系。(keep in touch) 80. 有人建议这本小说至少得读三遍。 (It is suggested ...)

V. Error correction(短文改错）（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）

Correct the errors in the passage according to the following requirements. First, you have to decide whether there is an error or not in the line which is numbered. If there is no error, put the sign \line on the right; If there is an error, correct it in the following way: for an unnecessary word, cross out the unnecessary word with the sign \ \word, mark the position of the missing word with the sign \the line on the right; for a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the line on the right. Notes: Do not make any correction if there is no error in the line. Example One of my favorite writers are Charlotte Bronte. She was born in the early nineteenth is century when women had far fewer opportunities ∧ they have now. She lived in a than small village in Yorkshire and she took great pleasure in walking on the moors where where near her home.

Before you dee\\de to keep a dog you should learn all you can

about them first. You could perhaps ask a friend owns one, or else 81.________ go to your local library, which probably have books about dog care. 82. ________ If you get a dog, it's unfair to leave it at home in its own all day, as they 83. ________ get alone in the same way that people do. Try to make sure that somebody 84. ________ is with it for at the least some of the time. All dogs need exercise, 85. ________

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