电子课程设计 - 光风速测量系统 - 图文

电子课程设计：

光风速测量系统

基于单片机的风速测量仪的设计

摘要

在实际生活中，我们经常会遇到各种各样的测速场合，比如我们最常见的路口测量车速的测速仪。在工业生产中，我们也经常会遇到测速，比如测定电机转速的测速仪。不管是的直线行驶速度还是转速，测量方法大同小异，无非是模拟方式和数字式两种。那么现在我们就以数字方

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式为题，运用89C51单片机来控制智能化风速测量仪，来设计一款智能测速仪。

对风速进行测量过程中，风车的转动速度是间接反映风速大小的物理量，风车转速的测量就是一个必不可少的参数，本设计主要用AT89C51作为控制核心，由光电传感器、LED数码管、51单片机、及模拟风车系统构成。详细介绍了单片机的测量风速系统。充分发挥了单片机的性能。本系统就是对风车转速进行测量，通过LED数码管显示风速大小，并实现实时监测。利用单片机对其进行设计，其优点硬件是电路简单，软件功能完善，测量速度快、精度高、控制系统可靠，性价比较高等特点。

关键词： 89C51单片机 转速 传感器

Abstract

In real life, we often encounter all kinds of speed situations, such as our most common intersection measurement speed velocimeter. In industrial production, we also often speed, such as the determination of motor speed velocimeter. Whether straight line speed or speed, measurement method is the same, is nothing more than analog and digital two kinds. So now we are digitally, design a device of wind speed measurements. Digital usually adopts photoelectric sensor for detecting element, such as analog signals. Now, the use of 89 c51 to control intelligent wind speed measuring instrument, to design an intelligent velocimeter.

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In the process of wind speed measurement, the windmill rotating speed is indirectly reflect the size of wind quantity and wind speed measurement is an essential parameter, this design mainly USES AT89C51 as the control core, consists of photoelectric sensor, LED digital tube, 51 single chip microcomputer, and system simulation of windmill. SCM measuring wind speed system was introduced in detail. Give full play to the performance of the single chip microcomputer. This system is the windmill rotating speed measurement, through the LED digital tube display size of wind speed, and realize the real-time monitoring. Using single chip microcomputer to design, its advantage is hardware circuit is simple, software function is perfect, measuring speed, high precision, reliable control system, the characteristics of high cost performance.

Keywords: 89c51 speed sensor

目 录

第一章

1.1摘要·························1 1.2单片机AT89C51简介 ················· 4 第二章 设计思路 ·····················6 2.1 转速的测量方法····················8

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2.2 转速测量原理·····················9 第三章 硬件设计方案 ··················· 10 3.1 设计原理图 ·················· 10 3.2 转速信号采集 ·················· 10 3.3单片机系统的设计 ················ 11 3.4LED数码管显示部分设计················ 13 第四章软件设计方案 ················· 16 4.1软件结构划分·····················16

4.1.1计时模块··········· ······· · 16 4.1.2转速计算模块 ···· ········· · ·· 17 总结 ··························· 18致谢 ·························· 19参考文献 ························· 19附录A 程序清单 ··················· ···20

1.2单片机AT89C51简介

AT89C51是一种带4K字节闪烁可编程可擦除只读存储器（FPEROM—Falsh Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory）的低电压，高性能CMOS8位微处理器，俗称单片机。该器件采用ATMEL高密度非易失存储器制造技术制造，与工业标准的MCS-51指令集和输出管脚相兼容。由于将多功能8位CPU和闪烁存储器组合在单个芯片中，ATMEL的

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