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摘要
摘要
高压共轨式电控燃油喷射系统因为在控制喷油量、喷油压力、喷油正时及喷油率等方面所表现出的极大的灵活性而具有传统燃油系统和其它电控喷油系统无法比拟的优势，代表了柴油机电控喷油技术的发展方向。电控液压喷油器是高压共轨系统中最关键的部件，高压共轨喷油系统的优良性能必须通过喷油器来实现。
论文综述了柴油机电控喷油系统的分类和发展，详细介绍了高压共轨系统的特点和原理以及国外的典型系统，尤其对国外有代表性的电控液压喷油器的结构和原理作了全面的比较和分析。论文介绍作者参考国内外高压共轨喷油器的典型结构和原理而设计的一种电控液压喷油器。阐述该喷油器的特点，分析喷油器主要部件的特性和要求，分析喷油器的驱动电路，计算该喷油器关键零部件的重要参数。最后结合相关数据，绘制了喷油器的装配图与零件图，确定了喷油器各部分的材料与工艺要求。该喷油器能够实现先缓后急的⊿喷油规律，达到降低有害排放物的目标。
关键词：柴油机, 高压共轨, 电控液压喷油器, 电路分析，参数计算
I
摘要
Abstract
The high pressure common rail injection system possesses the excellent ability to improve the emission and economic performance of diesel engines, it presents the developing direction of fuel injection system for diesel engine and is the necessary way to make diesel engine reach more rigorous emission laws. The electro-hydraulic injector is one of the most important components of high pressure common rail injection system, the latter must rely on it to realize its excellent functions.
Based on consulting and researching extensive related literatures issued by international and domestic organizations, this paper summarizes the history of electronic controlled fuel injection system of diesel engine, the principle and advantages of high pressure common rail injection system and its representative products of foreign countries, then introduces the structure and principle of representative electro-hydraulic injector made by west developed countries in details.
In this paper, an electro-hydraulic injector designed by the author is introduced detailedly. The paper summarizes the injector’s working principle、features and performance characteristic and analyzes the driver circuit of the injector，the important parameters of the injector were carried out through analysis and calculating. Finally, according to relevant data, rendering the injector assembly drawings and parts drawings, identify the material and technological requirements of various parts of the injector。This injector can realize the perfect fuel injection rate that is called ⊿-shaped which means beginning injection with a slow-acting rate and then ending the injection suddenly. This kind of injector can reduce the harmful emission quantity from diesel engines.
Key words: diesel engine high pressure common rail, electro-hydraulic
II
摘要
injector; circuit analysis, parameter calculation
III
目录
目录
摘要 ............................................................................................... I Abstract ....................................................................................... II 第一章 绪论 ............................................................................. - 1 -
1.1柴油机电控喷油技术的发展 ..................................................... - 1 - 1.2柴油机高压共轨喷射系统 ......................................................... - 2 -
1.2.1 高压共轨系统的特点 ..................................................... - 2 - 1.2.2 高压共轨喷油系统的组成 .............................................. - 4 - 1.2.3 高压共轨系统对柴油机排放的影响…………………………….. 4 1.2.4 国外研究动态 ............................................................... - 5 - 1.2.5 国内研究状况 .............................................................. - 11 - 1.3 高压共轨系统的电控液压喷油器 ............................................ - 11 -
1.3.1Bosch 公司开发的 CR 系统喷油器 ................................- 12 - 1.3.2 日本电装公司 ECD-U2 系统喷油器..............................- 13 - 1.3.3Lucas Varity 公司电控液压喷油器 ..................................- 14 - 1.4 本论文的主要工作 .................................................................- 14 - 1.5本章小结 ................................................................................- 15 -
第二章 喷油器的工作特性与驱动电路 ..........................................- 16 -
2.1喷油器的工作特性 ..................................................................- 16 -
2.1.1喷油器的结构与工作原理 ..............................................- 16 - 2.1.2 喷油器的特点 ..............................................................- 18 - 2.2 喷油器喷油率的控制 ..............................................................- 19 - 2.3 喷油器的喷雾特性 ............................................................. 20- 21 - 2.4 喷油器燃油喷射量特性 ..........................................................- 22 - 2.5 喷油器的液力特性 .................................................................- 23 - 2.6 喷油器的密封性的分析 ..........................................................- 24 - 2.7 驱动电路的分析 .....................................................................- 25 - 2.8 本章小结 ...............................................................................- 27 -
第三章 喷油器参数计算与选择 .....................................................- 28 -
3.1.1 额定功率时的循环供油量 .............................................- 28 -
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