2016新课标三维人教英语 选修八 Unit 1 Section 3

我想知道他是否会同意我。

[名师点津] 宾语从句中用whether不用if的三种情况： (1)与or not连用

We don't know whether Tom will turn up at the meeting or not. 我们不知道汤姆是否会参加会议。 (2)位于介词之后

Everything depends on whether you are for it. 每件事情都取决于你是否赞成它。 (3)位于动词不定式之前

I don't know whether to believe him. 我不知道是否该相信他。

(二)连接代词what, which, who, whom和whose

连接代词what, which, who, whom和whose在从句中的意义分别为“所??”“哪一个”“谁”“谁”“谁的”；在从句中起代词的作用，可作主语、表语、宾语或定语。

That's what we have said.(作宾语) 那就是我们所说的话。

Do you know which of the boys was late? (作主语) 你知道哪个男孩迟到了吗？

Who will come to give the talk is known to us all.(作主语) 我们都知道谁将来作报告。

The problem is whom the headmaster will send to deal with it. (作宾语) 问题是校长将要派谁来处理这件事情。 Do you know whose T-shirt it is？(作定语) 你知道这是谁的T恤衫吗？

[名师点津] 连接代词what, which的区别：

which引导主语从句时需要限定一个有限的、较小的范围，而what指在一个较广的范围内进行选择或者根本没有范围。

Which of the boys broke the window is already known. 已经知道是哪个男孩打破了窗户。

I don't know what books the children can read. 我不知道孩子们能读什么书。

(三)连接副词when, where, why和how

when意为“何时”，在从句中作时间状语；where意为“哪里”，在从句中作地点状语；how意为“如何”，在从句中作方式状语；why意为“为什么”，在从句中作原因状语。

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When we'll set off for home hasn't been decided yet. 我们何时动身回家还没有被决定。 That was where I spent my holiday. 那就是我度假的地方。

Nobody knew how she got the prize. 没有人知道她是如何获奖的。 This is why we put off the meeting. 这就是我们推迟会议的原因。

(四)复合连接词whatever, whichever, whoever和whomever

连接代词whatever, whichever, whoever和whomever在从句中的意义分别为“无论什么”“无论哪一个”“无论谁”“无论谁”；在从句中起代词的作用，可作主语、宾语或定语。

Whatever I have is at your service. 我所有的一切都供你使用。

I'll take whichever picture you don't want. 我随便拿一幅你不要的画好了。 Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 无论谁违反了法律都应该受到惩罚。 Whomever you invite will be welcome. 你邀请的任何人都将受欢迎。

[名师点津] (1)whatever, whichever, who(m)ever既可引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句；no matter what, no matter which, no matter who(m)只引导让步状语从句。

Whichever/No matter which dictionary you want to buy, I'll pay for it. 无论你想买哪本词典，我都愿意付款。

(2)wherever (＝no matter where); whenever (＝no matter when); however (＝no matter how)一般引导让步状语从句。

However/No matter how tough the problem may be, I'll work it out by myself. 无论问题可能有多难，我将自己解决。 [即时演练2] 补全句子

①What_he_had_said surprised everyone present. 他所说的话让在场每一个人吃惊。

②It seemed that_he_had_donated_all_his_money_to those in need. 他似乎已将所有的钱都捐给了那些需要帮助的人。 ③I don't know where_I_can_place_my_luggage. 我不知道我的行李可以放在哪里。

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④We discussed whether_we_should_use_the_money to buy a new house. 我们讨论该不该用这笔钱买套新房子。

⑤(2016·北京高考改编)Your support is important to our work. Whatever_you_can_do_helps. 你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事都会有所帮助。 三、it作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句 (一)主语从句中以it作形式主语的四种常用句型 1．It ＋不及物动词的适当形式＋从句 It seems that ... It happened that ... It follows that ... It has turned out that ...

好像是?? 碰巧?? 由此可见?? 结果??

It seemed that he had been to Beijing before. 好像他以前去过北京。

2．It＋be＋及物动词的过去分词＋从句 It is said that ... It is reported that ... It is believed that ... It is hoped that ... It has been proved that ... It is said that he has read the novel. 据说他读过这本小说。 3．It＋be＋名词(词组)＋从句 It is a fact that ... It is good news that ... It is a question that ...

It is common knowledge that ...

事实是?? ??是好消息。 ??是个问题。 ??是常识。 据说?? 据报道?? 人们认为?? 大家希望?? 已证明??

It is a fact that smoking is a danger to health. 吸烟危害健康，这是事实。 4．It＋be＋形容词＋从句 It is necessary that ... It is clear that ... It is (un)likely that ... It is important that ...

有必要?? 很清楚?? 很(不太)可能?? 重要的是??

It is necessary that people should learn to face the reality.

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人们应该学会面对现实是有必要的。

(二)宾语从句中以it作形式宾语的两种常用句型

1．带复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而用it作形式宾语。

We think it possible that you can finish the work today. 我们认为你今天能够完成这项工作。

2．表示喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词后习惯上先跟一个形式宾语it，再接宾语从句。如：hate, enjoy, dislike, love, don't mind, feel like, appreciate, rely on, count on, see to, take (认为), owe等。

I take it that you will agree with us. 我认为你会赞成我们的。 [巧学助记]

巧记名词性从句

名词性从句并不难，陈述语气要当先。 特别注意引导词，引导主语、表语和宾语。 主语从句嫌太长，it在句首属正常。 宾语从句也不短，it代替并不乱。 表语从句不能变，稳稳当当在中间。 [即时演练3] 补全句子

①It seems that_they_will_win_the_game. 看起来他们会赢得这场比赛。

②It is suggested that_the_meeting_(should)_be_put_off. 有人建议会议延期召开。

③I hate_it_when they talk with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。

④I think_it_necessary_that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。

Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空

1．What surprises me most is that he is too vain. 2．Where cars will be parked in the future is a question. 3．When we will have a picnic depends on the weather. 4．Which part of the country he will travel to needs discussing. 5．It has not been decided who will attend the meeting. 版权所有:中国好课堂www.zghkt.cn