厦门大学2012年博士入学考试试题及答案解析

?????????????专业?? 权威?? 轻松?? 快乐?????????厦门大学考博英语一本通?

厦门大学2012年博士研究生入学考试英语试题

Part I Vocabulary and Structure (15%)

Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center, 1．The weather wasn't favorable and both teams had to icy rain and a strong wind daring the match.

A．pin down B．get stuck in C．take control of D．contend with 2．People planning to travel by car to North Dakota in the winter are advised to _______ their cars with snow tires and warm clothing,

A．install B．purchase C．provide D．equip

3．The consumer in recent years has led to an explosion of shopping center development in big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Canton.

A． boom B．volume C．summit D．pressure 4．After a number of disagreements with the committee, the chairman decided to _____ his present job.

A．retire B．resign C．retreat D．withdraw

5．Obviously, no teacher has _________ patience. Even Larry, who is always kind and tolerant, lost his temper on that particular occasion.

A．definite B．spectacular C．infinite D．composed

6．Scientists use observation and experimentation to examine a specific concept______ existing theories and principles.

A．in the light of B．in view of

C．as to D．in the interest of

7．As the ship is loaded, it will sink deeper and deeper into the water, but only sink deep enough to________ an amount of water equal to the weight of the ship and its cargo.

A．dismiss B．offset C．displace D．squeeze

8．Among other things the Town Council is responsible for parks, fire services,_______ collection and libraries.

A．refuse B．plague C．robbery D．insect

9．On leaving school he became an office-boy and having no_______ to rise higher, he only wasted his time.

A．ambition B．determination C．success D．purpose

10．A feeling of tiredness almost the soldier on duty and he had to straggle hard to keep awake.

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?????????????专业?? 权威?? 轻松?? 快乐?????????厦门大学考博英语一本通?

A．overcame B．defeated C．conquered D．overtook

11．The \whether such learning is ______ by conservative or progressive ideologies.

A．secured B．attained C．manifest D．informed

12．Formal learning is separated from daily life and may actually promote ways of learning and thinking which often run ______ to those obtained from practical daily life.

A．parallel B．contradictory C．opposite D．counter

13．We were ______ by the extent to which teacher's decisions served the interests of the school rather than those of the students.

A．struck B．puzzled C．attracted D．misled

14．The findings of the two archaeologists _______ the burial customs of the ancient Egyptians. A．paid attention to B．gained access to C．threw light upon D．keep track of 15．In recent years, business schools _______ the master's degree in business administration enjoy great popularity among the management in big companies. A．representing B．offering C．presenting D．supplying

16．The scheme for rebuilding the city center _______ owing to the refusal of a Council to sanction the expenditure of the money it would have required. A. fell down B. felt out C. fell off D. fell flat

17．The changing image of the family on television provides ________ into changing attitudes toward the family in society.

A．presentations B．revelations C．specifications D．insights

18．According to Plato, the most important idea is the idea of \object of all inquiry, a goat to which all other things are ________. A．approximate B．crucial C．subordinate D．detached

19．If children who cannot write are asked to write the story they have been told orally, they tend to scribble in _______ across a page.

A．patterns B．designs C．models D．scratches

20．Travelling like this is really an adventure. Very often, you're off doing something strange where you don't know what's going to _______ around the next bend. A．turn off B．mm on C．turn away D．turn up

21．Nuclear power plants are some of the largest producers of _______ wastes, with each plant producing barrels of radioactive material that must be stored in special protective containers.

A．biodegradable B．hazardous

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?????????????专业?? 权威?? 轻松?? 快乐?????????厦门大学考博英语一本通?

C．reasonable D．durable

22．The scientific community was ______ when a living specimen of the coelacanth, long thought to be _____ was discovered by deep-sea fisherman.

A．perplexed...common B．overjoyed...dangerous C．unconcerned…local D．astounded…extinct

23．After the governor's third trip to overseas, voters complained that he was paying too little attention to ______ affairs.

A．intellectual B．foreign C．professional D．domestic

24．The Roman Emperor Claudius was viewed with ______ by generations of historians until newly discovered evidence showed him to be administrator,

A．suspicion...a clever B．disdain...a capable C．antagonism... an eager D．indignation... an incompetent 25．Communities in primitive areas where natural ______ is scarce must be resourceful in order to secure adequate nutrition.

A．education B．competition C．sustenance D．agriculture

26．Anthony's _______ expression masked an essential cheerful nature.

A．jubilant B．inevitable C．dour D．pert

27．Her shrewd campaign managers were responsible for the fact that her political slogans were actually forgotten clichés revived and ________ with new meaning.

A．fathomed B．instilled C．foreclosed D．instigated

28．The stoic former general led his civilian life as he had his military life, with simplicity and _______ dignity.

A．benevolent B．informal C．austere D．aggressive

29．Although bound to impose the law, a judge is free to use his discretion to _______ the anachronistic barbarity of some criminal penalties.

A．mitigate B．understand C．condone D．provoke

30．Henry viewed Melissa as _______; she seemed to be against any position regardless of its merits.

A．heretical B．disobedient C．contrary D．inattentive

Part Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (40%) Section A (30 points)

Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some question,- or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

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?????????????专业?? 权威?? 轻松?? 快乐?????????厦门大学考博英语一本通?

The world seems to be going diet crazy, and yet our nation's obesity rate has shot up year after year. And, it's not only the over 20 population that has to worry about their weight anymore. Children from kindergarten to twelfth grade are also experiencing the problems of an overweight lifestyle.

According to the website cosmiverse.eom, 11% of adolescents are categorized as being overweight, and another 16% are in danger of becoming overweight. This is a 60% jump from the 1980's.

Some of the blame is being put on schools wanting to fit more academic classes into the children's schedule rather than waste time on physical education. This new take on education has left us with physical activity at an all-time national low, resulting in obesity and poor. physical conditioning at an all-time national high The schools have tried a few solutions; the most recent in the news has been taking soda out of schools and increasing the required time children must be active during school.

Will those methods help at al1 Education is important at school, but starts at home I believe students are getting their bad habits from watching their parents and how the eat and exercise. The school system only helps to hinder the child's dietary eating. I know there are studies showing genes that determine how a child will be built. That does not explain however, why the rate continues to increase at such a rapid rate each year. It seems more likely that more and more families have both patents working, leaving their children to their own means for a meal.

\, Play station and the like,\Arostegui, attributes the inactiveness to. \to let them out and play.\

Classes on health need to become more regular and sports need to be encouraged. At Live Oak High School the staff does a good job of teaching how to eat and exercise to stay healthy. The freshmen study health every Wednesday in P.E., and Para James teaches healthy eating and food preparation in Home Economics for the first few weeks of every school year.

\problems facing students. \They are only setting their kids up to gain weight with that diet however.\

School cafeterias are also getting blamed for the students' eating habits. \should start at home,\raised on fast food. Alter eating so much fast food they don't have ,my tastes for real home cooked food. I always have healthy foods for students, but they are less likely to eat them.\

Other schools do not even have the type of programs Live Oak offers and are suffering even worse consequences. Sports keep students fit and healthy. There need to be more readily available sports programs for anyone who would like to join. Many students when they feel they do not meet the standards for a team will admit defeat and drop off the team. There needs to be a program that all students will be interested in and continue through for the entire season.

Schools can only do and be blamed for so much however, and it will be up to the parents to become more aware of what activities their children are participating in and how healthy they are eating. Until that happens, I foresee the obesity rate continuing on its uphill curve. 1．Which of the following is similar in meaning to the word \ A．Extremely heavy.

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