2018年北京海淀初三二模英语试题及答案word版

Lyme Disease — A Medical Mystery

In the autumn of 1975, lots of people in Lyme, Connecticut, suffered from a strange illness. Two doctors from Yale, Allan Steere and Stephen Malawista, began a study that would result in an important medical discovery.

The doctors began by having careful examinations of each patient. They found the patients of all ages were having a set of things hardly seen together, such as headaches, skin rashes (皮疹), swollen knees, fever, tiredness and so on. There was also a high rate of arthritis (关节炎), a painful condition around the knees. No reasons could be found through blood tests. However, they found the most useful information in the interviews with the patients: one quarter of them recalled a skin rash about four weeks before the arthritis appeared.

Then the Department of Health did surveys with the Yale doctors to learn where the disease was most widely seen. It seemed that most patients lived in heavily wooded areas, away from the center of town. Besides, most patients spent a good deal of time outdoors, gardening, camping, or playing. More importantly, some recalled having been bitten by a tick.

By 1977, researchers began to believe that the deer tick was responsible. Then they discovered that a special type of bacteria (细菌), carried by the deer tick, was causing the disease. It was later named Lyme bacteria. The deer tick often feeds on deer. But we can also find it on mice. Scientists then concluded that the bacteria passed from wildlife to ticks to humans. All lived closely among one another in the area.

How could a disease break out so suddenly Many areas of the northeast, including Lyme, Connecticut, were once farmland. Over the years, the farmland was replanted with trees. After the forest grew in, all kinds of wildlife appeared. At the same time, this area was developed with houses. Gradually, neighborhoods pushed deeper into the home of the wildlife. Humans became more likely to meet more ticks and get the disease.

After much research, the cause of Lyme disease was successfully identified (确认), thanks to the hard work of many scientists, doctors and patients. Today, more and more people have knowledge of Lyme disease, which is easily treated if caught early.

27. Which helped Dr. Steere and Dr. Malawista most

A. Having interviews with the patients. B. Examining the patients carefully.

C. Separating the patients into age groups. D. Doing blood tests among the patients.

28. Which of the following is true about Lyme disease A. Little is known about Lyme disease today.

B. Most of the patients lived in the center of town. C. More trees could keep people away from the disease.

D. Wildlife spread the bacteria to ticks and then to humans. 29. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage A. To describe how Lyme disease was treated.

B. To warn people not to go outdoors in the forest. C. To introduce how the cause of Lyme disease was found. D. To criticize the people who spread Lyme disease around.

D

For as long as I can remember, I’ve always looked up to my elder brother. No matter how old I am, I’ve always seen myself copying every small thing that he does. I play the video games that he plays, I copy his hairstyle, and I eat the type of food that he eats.

My brother is like a superhero in my eyes. He was a straight A student at high school as well as the captain of the school soccer team. It’s been difficult trying to live up to the expectations that were set by my brother, but whether consciously (有意识地) or not, I’ll always try to be like him. He motivates (激发) me like a rabbit motivates a wolf. The wolf’s goal is food, while mine is to be as outstanding as my brother.

Younger brothers can influence the behavior of elder siblings (brothers and sisters) just as much as an elder brother can influence a younger sibling. I had a conversation with my brother about his experience growing up with me. He joked with me that it felt like the world punished him with having to deal with me. Yet he expressed that he was grateful to me, because he understood I would take inspiration from him so he chose to be his best self. My brother and I have inspired each other to do the best we can.

A researcher Birg Rabe has found a correlation (相关性) between a sibling relationship where younger siblings’ marks have improved because they have an elder sibling as their role model. “The younger siblings’ marks rose by 4%. The effect was greater among siblings from poorer families, and the rise was 11%.” Having a sibling undoubtedly benefits children’s school achievement.

Not only can siblings influence each other’s study, but they can positively benefit each other’s social behavior as well. A study done by researchers in the Brigham Young University shows that children with sound or pleasant sibling relationships have learned important social skills, such as helping and being able to share with others. They’ve also learned to deal with arguments and how to solve them. I bet anyone who has a sibling knows the struggle of having to argue for days with their sibling, but I also bet, that they learn important lessons from every one of their arguments.

Even though you may hear many bad things about having a sibling, it actually has some unexpected benefits. Learn to enjoy all the benefits a sibling brings you, and be the best sibling you can.

30. The writer always copies his elder brother because ______.

A. he looks up to his brother B. he wants to influence his brother C. his brother is strict with him D. his brother plays video games well

31. Birg Rabe finds having elder siblings as role models helps younger ones ______. A. make progress in their school achievement B. become more successful when they grow up

C. get better marks than their brothers and sisters

D. learn more important social skills than their friends

32. The word “sound” in Paragraph 5 probably means “______”.

A. special B. lasting C. serious D. healthy 33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage

A. The New Hope that Siblings Give

B. The Great Benefits that Siblings Bring C. The Necessary Support that Siblings Offer D. The Enjoyable Experiences that Siblings Share

四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。（共10分，每小题2分）

Email helps workers to communicate at any time, from any place. Email is an important tool, but it can also lead to a waste of time. How can workers make sure that email is a tool and not a time-waster Here are some simple tips to follow. They can help you use email more efficiently (高效地) at work.

First of all, turn off the sound in your computer that tells you that you have a new email message. That “You’ve got mail!” sound is like a telephone or a doorbell. It interrupts your work. When you hear it, you will want to check your messages. And it will take you at least a few minutes to get back to work after that. Can you imagine how much time you waste because of that little sound

Second, limit how often you check your email. Try checking it only three times a day, for example, at 9:00, 12:00 and 16:00. Also, limit the time you spend reading and answering email each time. Fifteen minutes is usually long enough.

Third, use a separate email account for work and personal life. Do not give your work address to friends or family, and do not give your personal address to people at work. If you are working on several projects at one time, use a separate email account for each one. So you can focus on the most important project.

Fourth, you won’t have to read all the email messages every time you open your email. You can look quickly at the subject lines and then decide which messages to answer right away. You can read the others later.

Finally, do not always use “reply to all” to answer email. Only send the message to people who need to read your answer. That way, you won’t fill your workmates’ inboxes with messages that they don’t need. And they won’t waste time reading them.

If you follow these simple steps, you will be a more efficient worker. Best of all, you will be able to leave the office earlier.

34. Does email help workers to communicate at any time

35. How long should you spend reading and answering email each time

36. Why is it necessary to use a separate email account for each project 37. How can you decide which messages to answer right away 38. What is the passage mainly about

书面表达（共10分）

五、文段表达（10分）

39．从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。．．．．文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 题目① 假如你是校学生会成员，你们学校原定于本周日上午进行的郊游活动因天气原因取消，改为参观首都博物馆。请你以学生会的名义拟一则英文通知，告知全校留学生郊游取消的原因，新的活动安排，以及参观博物馆时需要遵守的规则。

提示词语：rain, Capital Museum (首都博物馆), take notes, touch, quiet

提示问题：

? Why will the school cancel the trip ? What will the students do instead

? What rules should they follow in the museum Notice May 31st, 2018 Dear foreign students, We are sorry to tell you that ______________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 题目② 生活中，责任与我们相伴始终。在责任面前，我们需要勇于担当。担当就是对自己和别人负责。担当浇灌成功、孕育希望。

某英文网站正在开展以“责任、担当”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你对担当重要性的理解，介绍自己勇于担当的一次经历，分享你的收获。

提示词语：success, hope, decide, leader, help, try, satisfied, happy 提示问题：

Why is it important to be responsible

What experience did you have and what did you do What have you learned from the experience

Everyone has to take on

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