2016新课标三维人教英语 选修八 Unit 2 Section 4

Section_ⅣLearning_about_Language_&_Using_Language

[原文呈现][读文清障] THE RETURN OF THE DINOSAURS?

The possibility of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals has always excited film makers. And they are not the only ones! The popularity of films such as

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①extinct adj.灭绝的；消亡的

②介词短语of cloning ...作定语，修饰The possibility。

③popularity/?p?pj?'l?r?tI/n.受人喜爱；流行 ④such as 例如

⑤Jurassic/d???'r?sIk/Park 《侏罗纪公园》(美国电影名)

⑥several kinds of 几种

⑦strike/straIk/vt. &vi. (struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工n.罢工

strike ... into one's heart使??刻骨铭心 ⑧该句主干是The popularity of films proves how ...其中in which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰JurassicPark。how引导宾语从句，作proves的宾语。

⑨experiment with 用??做实验

⑩This is because ... 这是因为??， because后接表原因的句子，在此是表语从句。

?as this list shows是as引导的方式状语从句。 ?现在分词短语using the embryos of mice作定语，修饰research。

?Dolly the sheep 多莉羊 ?bison/'baIsn/n.北美或欧洲野牛 ?calf/kɑ?f/n.小牛；牛犊

JurassicPark， in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts. But in fact we are a long way from being able to clone extinct

animals.

Scientists

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are still

experimenting with cloning mammals. This is because the cloning of mammals is still a new science and its story only began seriously in the 1950s as this list shows?：

1950s cloning of frogs

1970s research using the embryos of mice?

1979 work on embryos of sheep and mice

1981 first experimental clones of mice 1983 first experimental clones of cows 1996 first clone of a mammal: Dolly the sheep

2000 cow gave birth to a bison?

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2001 China's first cloned twin calves? 2002 first cloned cats 2005 first cloned dog ...

恐龙的回归？ [第1段译文] 克隆凶猛和灭绝的野生动物的可能性一直使电影制片商感到兴奋。然而他们并不是唯一对此感到兴奋的人！在《侏罗纪公园》这部影片中，有一位科学家克隆了好几种不同的绝种恐龙。类似这样的电影很受欢迎，证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。但事实上，要想克隆绝种动物，我们还有很长的路要走。科学家们现在还在进行克隆哺乳动物实验。这是因为克隆哺乳动物仍然还是一门新的科学，它是从20世纪50年代才开始认真进行研究的，如下列所示： 20世纪50年代：克隆青蛙 20世纪70年代：用老鼠胚胎进行研究 1979年：对羊和老鼠的胚胎进行研究 1981年：首次对老鼠进行实验性的克隆 1983年：首次对奶牛进行实验性的克隆 1996年：首次克隆哺乳动物(多莉羊) 2000年：奶牛生野牛 2001年：中国首次克隆出双胞胎小牛 2002年：首次克隆猫 2005年：首次克隆狗 ?? From time to time? people suggest that

?from time to time (相当于sometimes, not

extinct animals like dinosaurs, can possibly very often)不时；偶尔 be brought back to life? through cloning. Unfortunately, with what we know now, this

?bring back to life 使复生；使复活

?either ... or ... 或者??或者??；要么??

is either impossible or? unsuitable. There 要么??(连接并列结构) are many reasons.

?The initial? requirement is that you need perfect DNA? (which gives information

21. for how cells are to grow)○

?initial/I'nI?l/adj.最初的；开始的 ?DNA 脱氧核糖核酸

21that引导表语从句， which引导定语从句，○

修饰DNA。

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?All efforts of cloning an animal will be

22 if there is not enough diversity○23 in vain○

24 illnesses. in the group to overcome○

25 animals Diversity in a group means having○

22in vain 白费力气；枉费心机 ○

vain/vein/adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的

23diversity n．差异(性)；不同(点)；多样化 ○

24overcome v．25mean doing sth. ○战胜；克服 ○

with their genes arranged in different 意味着做某事

26. The advantage is that if○27 there is a ways○26with their ...是with的复合结构， genes与○

new illness some of these animals may die, arrange之间为被动关系。 but others will survive and pass on the ability

27The advantage is that if ..., that引导表语从○

28 that disease to○29 the next 句，在表语从句中包含if引导的条件状语从句。 to resist○

30 to cloning generation. The great drawback○

28resist/rI'zIst/vt.抵抗；对抗 ○

29pass on ... to ... 把??传给??；把??转○

a group of animals is that they would all have

31 the same illness. Then none of them die of○

the same arrangement of genes and so might 交给??

30drawback/'dr??b?k/n.缺点；不利条件(常与○

would be left to continue the species.

?It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a 32. A suitable habitat would be needed zoo○33. for them to lead a natural life○

of/to搭配)

31die of 死于(疾病、衰老等自身原因) ○

32It would be ... if they were to live ...用了与将○

来事实相反的虚拟语气。

33lead a natural life 过正常的野生生活 ○

[第2段译文] 不时地会有人提议，克隆技术将有可能使地球上已经灭绝的动物(如恐龙)复活。不幸的是，据我们现在所知这是不可能的，也是不合适的。其原因有很多： ?首先要求你有完好的DNA(它提供有关细胞将如何生长的信息)。 ?如果某个动物群体没有足够的多样性以战胜疾病，那么克隆这种动物的所有努力都将是无用的。种群多样性是指种群中动物的基因以不同的方式排列。其优点是，如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死去，而另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。经过克隆的动物群体的最大缺点是：它们的基因排列有可能完全相同，因而它们有可能会死于同一种疾病。这样它们可能一个也留不下来传宗接代了。 ?你如果克隆出任何绝种动物，而它们必须生活在动物园里，那是不公平的。它们需要适当的栖息地过正常的野生生活。

34， you Based on what we know now○34过去分词短语Based on what we know ○

cannot clone animals that have been extinct now作状语。 longer than 10,000 years. Actually, dinosaurs disappeared 65,000,000 years ago. So the 版权所有:中国好课堂www.zghkt.cn

35dinosaurs ever returning to the earth是○

chance of dinosaurs ever returning to the 动名词的复合结构，置于of之后，构成of短语，

35 is merely○36 a dream. earth○作the chance的定语。

36merely/'mI?lI/adv.仅；○只；不过(相当于

only)

[第3段译文] 就我们现在所知道的而言，不可能克隆那些已经绝种了一万年以上的动物。事实上恐龙在6 500万年以前就已经消失了。所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了。

Step 1 Read the text carefully and answer the following questions. 1．What's the main idea of the second paragraph? To_explain_the_impossibility_of_cloning_dinosaurs. 2．What's the writer's attitude towards cloning dinosaurs? Negative. 3．Why can't you clone the DNA of animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years?

The_DNA_of_animals_more_than_10,000_years_old_is_not_suitable_for_cloning,_for_it_can't_survive_so_long. Step 2 Read the text and choose the best answers. 1．The film JurassicPark is popular because ________.

A．people are interested in the subject of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals B．all the actors are dinosaurs

C．it was directed by a scientist who cloned dinosaurs D．it proves very interesting 2．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Frogs were cloned in 1981.

B．Dolly the sheep was the first cloned animal. C．The name of the cloned cow is “Bison”． D．China was successful in cloning mammals.

3．The reasons why a group of cloned animals all die of the same illness do NOT include ________.

A．they have the same arrangement of genes

B．there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome the illness C．the illness is a new one

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