专题07情态动词和虚拟语气(讲学案)2018年高考英语二轮复习精品资料Word版含解析

A. mightn’t 【答案】C

B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’ t

【解析】句意：我来新学校之前本没有必要担心，因为在这里我的同学对我非常友好。needn’t have done本没有必要做某事，表示实际上已经做了某事。根据句意可知选C。

考点三、考查虚拟语气

例3．（2017·北京）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.

A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put 【答案】A

【解析】句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故A项是正确的。

【变式探究】(2016·浙江，15)________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDSrelated deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.

【答案】Had 【解析】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力，与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。这是一个省略了从属连词if的虚拟语气句，使用了倒装句式。根据主句的would not have fallen可知，这里是表示过去的虚拟语气，所以用had。

【变式探究】【2015·重庆】7. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway____ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.

A.didn’t write C. wouldn’t write

B. hadn’t written D. wouldn’t have written

【答案】D

【解析】句意：没有他战时的经验，海明威就不可能写出著名的小说永别了武器。根据without his wartime experience没有战时的经历，可知表示对于过去的否定猜测，故主句用would have done，因此选D项。

1．（2017·北京）Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf.

A. must B. should C. can D. need 【答案】C

【解析】A. must 必须 B. should 应该 C. can 能 D. need 需要。句意:Samuel，我班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书，此处需要一个表示能力的词，故用can，答案为C。

2．（2017?天津）My room is a mess, but I __________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.

A. daren’t B. shouldn’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 【答案】C

3．（2017?江苏） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.

A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it 【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。

4． (2017·江苏卷) ____________ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.

A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it 【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气的省略。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。

5．（2017?江苏） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.

A. It were B. Were it C. It was D. Was it 【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形

式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该 生是无法克服她自己的困难的。

6．（2017·北京）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.

A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put 【答案】A

1．(2016·浙江，15)________(have)the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDSrelated deaths would not have fallen since their highest in 2005.

【答案】Had

【解析】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力，与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。这是一个省略了从属连词if的虚拟语气句，使用了倒装句式。根据主句的would not have fallen可知，这里是表示过去的虚拟语气，所以用had。

2．(2016·浙江，17)George can't ________(go)too far.His coffee is still warm. 【答案】have gone

【解析】句意：乔治不可能走得太远了。他的咖啡仍然是温的。can't have done是对过去的否定推测。

3．(2016·北京，34)Why didn't you tell me about your trouble last week？If you ________(tell)me，I could have helped.

【答案】had told

【解析】句意：上个星期你为什么不告诉我你的麻烦事？如果你告诉我了，我就能帮你。根据句意和相关信息判断，条件句表示与过去事实相反的假设，此时从句用过去完成时，主句谓语用“情态动词＋have done”形式。

1.(2015·北京，29)—Can't you stay a little longer?

—It's getting late.I really go now.My daughter is home alone.

【解析】句意：——你不能再多待一会儿吗？——天要黑了，我真的现在必须走了，我的女儿独自呆在家里。must必须。

【答案】must

2.(2015·浙江，4)It was so noisy that we not hear ourselves speak.

【解析】句意：太吵闹了，我们连自己说的话都听不到。can/could表示“能力，能够”。根据前面的was可知，此处要用过去时could。

【答案】could

3.(2015·重庆，12)You be Carol.You haven't changed a bit after all these years.

【解析】句意：你一定是Carol，这些年以来你一点都没变。must一定，表示推测，符合句意。

【答案】must

4.(2015·陕西，21)You feel all the training a waste of time，but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.

【答案】may

5.(2015·四川，2)You be careful with the camera.It costs! 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：你一定要非常小心对待照相机，它很昂贵。此处表示命令语气。

【答案】must