新世纪大学英语综合教程第3册知识要点

2. assure

vt. [(of)] tell firmly and with confidence, esp. with the aim of removing doubt; promise [常与of连用]向??保证，使确信，使有信心

e.g. 1. The doctor assured us that our son would get well soon.

2. They tried to assure him of their willingness to work. 他们尽力使他相信他们乐意工作。 CF: ensure, assure, guarantee 这些动词都有“保证”之意。 ensure侧重使人相信某个行为或力量产生的结果。例如： Ensure that it is written into your contract. assure侧重指消除某人思想上的怀疑或担心，从而有达到目的的保证感，但不如ensure普通。

例如：I assure you that she can be trusted to do the job.

guarantee指对事物的品质或人的行为及履行义务、义务等承担责任的保证。例如：

His turning up will guarantee the success of the meeting.

3. reliable

a. that may be trusted; dependable 可靠的；可信赖的 e.g. 1. Henry is a forgetful guy—he’s not very reliable.

2. She was efficient and reliable. 她办事很有效率，也很可靠。

4. for fear of:

because of anxiety about/that; in case (of) 由于担心??；因为怕?? e.g. 1. He left an hour early for fear of missing the train.

2. He decided not to approach her for fear of rejection. 他因怕遭拒绝决定不再去找她。

5. dread

vt. feel great fear or anxiety about 害怕，恐惧；担心

e.g. 1. The old lady dreaded being all alone in that big house.

2. We all dread to think what will happen if the company closes.

我们都不敢去想一旦公司关门我们该怎么办。

6. wrap sb. around one’s little finger

[infml] get sb. to do whatever one wants; be able to persuade or influence sb. to do anything〖非正式〗随心所欲地支配某人，任意摆布某人

e.g. 1. Your son is old enough to decide what to do; so don’t wrap him around your little finger. 2. She twists the young man around her little finger. 她任意摆布那个小伙子。

7. visible

a. [(to)]that can be seen; noticeable to the eye [常与to连用] 可见的，看得见的 e.g. 1. The tall church tower is visible from the nearby village.

2. The warning lights were clearly visible. 警示信号灯清晰可见。

8. get/be done with

be finished with 做完，结束

e.g. 1. Pass me the newspaper after you are done with it.

2. You’ll be surprised how much stuff you can get done with a bit of volunteer offline time.

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少上点网，你会惊讶地发现你能利用这点时间做很多事情。

9. hover

vi. (of people) stay around one place, esp. in a way that annoys other people （人）徘徊；走来走去

e.g. 1. He hovered nervously in the doorway, waiting for the hostess to come out. 2. With no idea of what to do for my next move, my hand hovered over the board.

不知道下一步该怎么走，我一只手在棋盘上举落不定。

10. in the background

in a situation little seen or noticed; behind the place where the main activity is happening 不显眼；在幕后

e.g. 1. The President’s advisors are content to remain in the background. 2. He took a picture of me with the pavilion in the background.

他以那个亭子为背景给我照了一张相片。

11. take pride in

be proud of; draw satisfaction from 以??为荣（自豪）；对??感到满意 e.g. 1. Parents always take great pride in their children’s achievements.

2. It is difficult to take pride in work that is never seen. 没人看见的活儿，干起来不带劲。

12. each and every

each single individual in a group of people or things, without exception 每个（无一例外） e.g. 1. It seems that the old librarian knows each and every book in the library. 2. It is the duty of each and every citizen to shake superstition off.

每个公民都有责任破除迷信。

13. check on

make sure that there is nothing wrong with sb./sth. 核实，检查（是否一切正常） e.g. 1. The police are checking on what the young man said about the murder. 2. I wanted to check on the time your driver is picking me up.

我想问一下你的司机来接我的时间。

14. every so often

from time to time 偶尔，有时

e.g. 1. We seldom meet, but every so often we chat on the Internet. 2. We meet every so often and compare notes. 我们时常碰头，交换意见。

15. come through

continue to live or exist after (a difficult or dangerous event or situation); survive 经受住；熬过（困难、危险等）而活下来

e.g. 1. If he comes through the operation, he should be back to work within six or seven weeks. 2. John was so ill he was lucky to come through. 约翰病得很厉害，能活下来算很幸运了。

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16. let out

suddenly make a loud sound such as a shout or cry发出（叫声等）

e.g. 1. The baby let out a cry of pain when the nurse gave him the injection.

2. When she saw him, she let out a cry of horror. 她看见他时吓得大叫一声。

17. shoot sb. a look/shoot a look at sb.

look quickly at sb., and then away again瞪某人一眼；投以??的神色 e.g. 1. She shot a curious look at the letter to see where it was from.

2. The man in the black overcoat shot a penetrating look at the other man.

身穿黑大衣的男子目光犀利地扫了另外一名男子一眼。

18. grin

vi. [(with, at)] make a wide smile [常与with或at连用]露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑 e.g. 1. The old man grinned with delight when he heard the good news.

2. Sarah tried several times to catch Philip's eye, but he just grinned at her.

萨拉几次想引起菲利普的注意，但是他只是冲她咧嘴笑了笑。

19. get by

have enough money to buy the things one needs, but no more 勉强过活 e.g. 1. The young couple can’t get by on such a small income. 2. Melville managed to get by on a small amount of money.

梅尔维尔仅靠一点点钱勉强度日。

20. as it is

in reality; in the situation that actually exists 事实上，实际情况是

e.g. 1. I thought my grandpa would get better. As it is, he is getting worse.

2. We’re busy enough as it is; don’t give us more trouble. 我们够忙的，别再来添乱了。

21. wait on

serve (a customer, a client, etc.); attend sb. as a servant, helper, follower, etc. 招待(顾客等)；伺候，侍候

e.g. 1. Several young girls waited on the old woman every day; she didn’t seem able to do anything.

2. She looked around for a salesman to wait on her. 她环顾四周，找售货员接待她。

22. scrawl vt.

write in a careless, hurried, awkward, or unskillful way 潦草地写，乱涂乱画 e.g. 1. He scrawled a few hurried lines on his notebook and left the room.

2. Now Tom began to scrawl something on the slate, hiding the words from the girl. 这时候，汤姆又在写字板上写着什么字，还用手挡住不让那姑娘看见。

23. count the days

look forward to sth. with eagerness 热切地盼望

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e.g. 1. Christmas is a few months away, but I’m already counting the days.

2. When I returned from a trip, I would count the days until my next vacation.

旅行才归来，我就开始算着日子期待下一个假期。

24. clean up

clean thoroughly and remove anything unwanted 彻底扫除；清理

e.g. 1. It took us hours to clean up the kitchen after the Thanksgiving dinner. 2. Let me clean up the broken glass before someone walks on it. 我来把碎玻璃扫掉，以免有人踩到。

25. dozens of

[Infml] lots of; very many〖非正式〗很多

e.g. 1. I’ve spoken to him dozens of times, but I still don’t remember his name. 2. He’s starred in dozens of films. 他主演过很多部影片。

Text B The Cab Ride I’ll Never Forget

Key Words:

1. ennoble vt. make better and more honourable 使崇高，使受尊敬

e.g. Hard work hasn’t changed him for the worse; on the contrary, it has ennobled him.

The total effect of Aristofie’s thought is to ennoble humanity and to increase personal responsibility.

2. weep vi. [(over, for)] fml or lit cry tears [常与over或for连用] 〖正式或文〗流泪，哭泣 e.g. When she learned that her father was badly injured in the earthquake, she broke down and wept.

Laugh, and the world laughs with you; weep, and you weep alone.

3. await vt. fml wait for〖正式〗等待

e.g. Two men have been charged with the murder of that pop star and are now awaiting trial. I grew to await it with a nameless dread.

4. frail a. weak in body or health虚弱的;衰弱的

e.g. She lay in bed looking rather frail. How could she look after herself? His mother was becoming too frail to live alone.

5. pin vt. fasten or join with a pin or pins (用别针等)把??别住，(用钉等)把??钉住 e.g. He pinned the name tag on his jacket and entered the office building. They pinned a notice to the door.

6. embarrassing a. making one feel ashamed, nervous, or uncomfortable 令人为难的，尴尬的 e.g. It was a most embarrassing moment when I tried to introduce a woman whose name I couldn’t remember.

It was an embarrassing situation, but she managed to laugh it off.

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