英语语法11

She is alive enough to the feeling of shame. The cat is alive with lice.

12.4c

与动词搭配：

They will arrive at the reasonable solution.

Old men, in particular, will benefit from the provision. He is often found to wrestle with a problem. I haven’t heard from him recently.

Dad tricked/talked/cajoled/deceived mother into believing that he had forgotten her birthday.

Their threats scared him out of telling the police.

I was prevented/stopped from attending the conference. His walk reminds me of the way his father walks. Many people accused the minister of telling the lie. 12.5 惯用法

介词惯用法和介词搭配知识都是体现语言能力的重要指标；与搭配现象不同，介词习惯用法无规则可循：

In general, the differences in substances lay in the varying proportions of these elements.

He argued that he did it only by chance not on purpose. In all probability, the mail will arrive this afternoon.

He slipped and broke his leg. As a result, he will have to be away from school for months.

I expected to fail the exam, but I passed after all.

As a matter of fact, the friendly cooperation between the two countries is

growing with every passing day. . On the whole, I like it.

As a whole, it asks for no more explanation. Asparagus is not in season at present.

Getting an appointment for today is out of the question. 12.6

介词的省略

分析性语言大量使用介词，但英语介词省略现象的扩大是一种发展趋势。以下是常见的省略情形：

Call me again (about) nearer the time of the meeting. We arrived (at) about three o'clock.

You may come to see me (at) any time between 9 a.m and 5 p.m. You can not stop us (from) going on. The congress lasted (for) three days.

They traveled (for) ten miles and then rested.

Those days we had difficulties (in) paying our bills each month.

There is no good (in) trying to cheat.

I had hard time (in) making myself go through with it.

The whole morning seemed to be spent (in) loading the car with a variety of bags and parcels.

They had a daughter (of) my age.

Our desks are (of) the same height, length and width, and (of) the same color.

The negotiation took place (on) Saturday night.

I noticed that the man sitting opposite (to) me was staring at me. 不过以下两种情形中介词for 不可省略： I haven't been sleeping for a week.

For a year, we waited to hear what had happened to him. 12.7

介词短语的语法功能

介词短语在句中或作后位修饰语:

The girls in red are my classmates.

Have you noticed that guy with a large pair of white gloves? 或作状语(A)

The mountain lies in the east of the country. She carefully placed the letter into the drawer. 或作状语[A]:

In terms of sentence structure, legal sentences are, almost without exception, complex.

I happened on the early morning of May Day. 或作补语：

The patient was on injection every four hours. I found everything in good condition. 作主语的情形罕见：

Between four and six will suit me.

Exercises:

1. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions（填入正确的介词）:

(1) It’s rude to point _______ someone. (2) I’m useless ______ anything electrical.

(3) This car will entitle you ______ certain privileges. (4) I think Bob is quite honest ______ you.

(5) No one is exempt _______ taxation in the United States. (6) Vain people are susceptible ______ flattery.

(7) The nurses must see ______ the comfort of their patients. (8) This water tastes ______ salt.

(9) Civilization consists ______ having a constructive attitude. (10) We have assigned you ______ a particular task.

(11) The man was positive ______ the time the accident happened.

(12) Finally she surrendered herself ______ despair. (13) At first he didn’t see ______ his deception.

(14) He then hinted ______ the idea that she was wealthy.

(15) Robert worked hard so that he could get ahead ______ the others. (16) What’s the punishment ______ speeding?

(17) Nobody knows the age of the earth ______ certain.

(18) I have no liking ______ that guy; in fact, I have taken a dislike ______ him. (19) There is some confusion ______ whether the word can be left out. (20) Have you accounted ______ all the breakages? (21) The question admits ______ several answers.

(22) I disapprove ______ people who make all sorts of promises which they have no intention of keeping.

(23) It was most presumptuous ______ them to behave like that. (24) Is the city noted ______ its champagne? (25) The bed was alive ______ bugs.

(26) The dog seemed suspicious ______ everybody. (27) The tides vary ______ the moon.

(28) John got a job, so that he could be independent ______ his parents.

(29) It was a long time before I could dissuade him ______ his projected course. (30) The man inculcated all his children ______ the spirit of patriotism. (31) He felt sympathy ______ her misfortune. (32) I’ve had enough ______ this weather.

(33) A man ______ his character would not do anything mean. (34) The tea is not ______ my liking.

(35) There is a limit ______ every man’s patience. (36) Julia shows great talent ______ acting.

(37) Rising from the seat, he drank ______ the health of all the guests. (38) Some fool crashed _______ me from behind at the traffic lights. (39) She’s marvelous ______ grammar.

(40) You cannot be happy if you feel envious ______ other people. (41) Is that country rich ______ minerals? (42) He is intent ______ winning.

(43) He fell ______ the habit of not attending to other people’s advice. (44) The old widow always takes pity ______ some stray cat or dog. (45) There seems to be a solution ______ the problem.

(46) A young man should be ______ his guard against bad company. (47) ______ all probability, the mail will arrive tomorrow. (48) They excluded him ______ the club. (49) His secret was safe ______ them.

(50) Harry swore ______ the Bible that he was telling the truth.

2.Leave out the preposition in the following sentences if possible（去除以下句中可能去除的介词）:

(1) Charles ran for a mile in four minutes. (2) The train will not arrive for two days.

(3) You look a million better than most women of your age. (4) He is of the same height as his brother.

(5) Mr. Johnson’s secretary sent the letter by airmail. (6) I had hard time in making myself go through with it. (7) Dr Knolls will be here on the first day of this week.

(8) The whole morning seemed to be spent in loading the car with a variety of bags, baskets and mysterious parcels.

(9) You had no idea of how anxious I have been. (10) What does he want with a house of that size? (11) We arrived at about ten o’clock. (12) It is no use in trying to explain.

(13) He did a superb job in trying to rally the business community. 3. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions（填入正确的介词）:

(1) Television enables us, ______ means of radio waves, to watch things which are very far away.

(2) We would not have succeeded ______ his help.

(3) We will do anything ______ the sake of our motherland’s four modernizations.

(4) They laid special stress ______ improving the quality of the teaching.

(5) We must take ______ account the fact that he has been working under great difficulties for several months.

(6) As to your second question, I am afraid I can give you no information ______ the moment, as the matter is still ______ consideration.

(7) Temperatures vary ______ the time of the year.

(8) We won’t allow other countries to interfere ______ our internal affairs.

(9) Under ordinary pressure, water changes into the gaseous state ______ the temperature of 100c.

(10) ______ the great admiration of all the on-lookers, the woman plunged into the river and rescued the man.

(11) Do your children receive gifts ______ Christmas? (12) Mary’s clothes are always ______ good taste.

(13) ______ a change, let’s have some Argentinean beef.

(14) It would not be ______ my benefit to do that.______ rigorous training, the football team has secured promotion.

(15) His ill-health may well be ______ malnutrition.

(16) John asked the waitress if he could have peas ______ spinach. (17) ______ three children he had an adopted daughter.

(18) No agreement was reached ______ how much we must pay.

(19) The work is not very profitable ______ cash, but he is getting valuable experience from it.

(20) ______ your poor record in school, we think you should study more.

(21) I wish I could do something ______ the kindness I have received from you. (22) Yesterday John went to see a house ______ buying it. (23) The chair is ______ the way here. Let’s move it away.

(24) When a party gets ______ full swing, everybody talks and has a good time. (25) He always writes ______ a careless manner.

(26) ______ the fact that we were there only a few days, we saw a great deal of the city.

(27) ______ rain, the meeting was held indoors rather than outdoors. (28) You must aim ______ a better result next time. (29) Everybody blamed the driver ______ the accident.

(30) We must apologize ______ teacher ______ arriving late.

(31) As you were kept working so late today, you will be excused ______ attending the early meeting tomorrow morning.

(32) She’s always cajoling people ______ giving her money. (33) His bad English inhibits him ______ speaking freely.

(34) The police have warned Henry ______ leaving his car unlocked.

(35) The magistrate has acquitted the students ______ obstructing the road. (36) John allowed himself to be dissuaded ______ taking up a post overseas. (37) I must drop a line to my uncle to thank him ______ having given us a lot of help.

(38) The government coerced the unions ______ accepting the pay limit ______ threatening to call on election.

(39) We talked her ______ marrying that awful chap.

(40) Let me know whether you will arrive ______ schedule. (41) Our achievement appears insignificant ______ yours. (42) I wanted to have a heart ______ heart talk with Ellen. (43) Petroleum is considered ______ great value.

(44) He achieved what he set out to do, but ______ the cost of his life. (45) In the new factory all the equipment was ______ date.

(46) The molecules of ice and steam are exactly the same ______ that they are moving ______ different speeds.

(47) The train from Shanghai may be up to twenty minutes late ______ account of repairs to the track.

(48) Out of all the people present, only two spoke ______ favor of the proposal. (49) My interest ______ stamp collecting dates ______ my schooldays. (50) It is believed that this is the only copy of the book ______ existence.