山东省济南市2017届高三二模考试(针对性训练)英语

项涂黑。

A

Nathan，a freshman student at San Marino High School in California，US，doesn’t lie doing housewor any more than anybody else．But he said doing it made him wonder why hot water wored better than cold water when washing up after dinner，and what made soap a good cleaner．The eperiments he designed to figure out these things earned him the top prie at the 2016 Broadcom MASTERS．

MASTERS stands for Math，Applied Science，Technology and Engineering for Rising Stars．Every year，the event brings together 30 middle school students from around the country to share their science projects．

“At first，I thought that my ideas were naive，”the teenager told Student Science．“But when I was presented with this special award，it proved that young inventors can actually deal with real-world problems．”

Inspired by reports of the Deepwater Horion oil spill in the Gulf of Meico，he connected washing dishes to cleaning oil spills．“I decided that I wanted to find a method for cleaning that’s both efficient and environmentally friendly，”Nathan told Student Science．So he created his own setup for measuring surface tension—a scientific term that refers to the tension of a layer of liquid．He ended up learning why soap and hot water are better for cleaning，and a way to remove oil from water.

“Science and math help you understand the world around you．You can learn it from boos and teachers，but you can also discover it yourself by doing science projects．”He even plans to sell his setup to schools，so other teens can do his eperiment and learn his theory．

When ased his secret to success，he said to eep a science fair project simple at first．“Brea down the problem into smaller，manageable steps，so in that way，you will be able to now what you doing and build on your nowledge gradually．” 21．What do we now about Nathan? A．He enjoys doing housewor． B．He wants to clean up oil spills． C．He figured out how cleaning wored． D．He won many pries for his fancy ideas．

22．What can best describe Nathan? A．Generous and wealthy． B．Curious and creative． C．Lay but talented． D．Polite but shy．

23．What is Nathan’s secret to success? A．Doing things step by step． B．Doing science projects alone． C．Woring hard at math problems． D．Learning about the world from boos．

B

The modern pia was originally invented in Naples，Italy，but the word pia is Gree in origin，derived from the Gree word pētos meaning solid or clotted．The ancient Grees covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese．The first major innovation that led to flat bread pia was the use of tomato as a topping．It was common for the poor of the area around Naples to add tomatoes to their yeast-based flat bread，and so the pia began．

While it is difficult to say for sure who invented the pia，it is however believed that modern pia was first made by baer Raffaele Esposito of Naples．In fact，a popular urban legend holds that the archetypal(原型的)pia，Pia Margherita，was invented in 1889，when the Royal Palace of Capodimonte ased the Neapolitan piaiolo Raffaele Esposito to create a pia in honor of the visiting Queen Margherita．Of the three different pias he created，the Queen strongly preferred a pie wrapped in the colors of the Italian flag：red (tomato)，green(basil)，and white(moarella)．Supposedly，this ind of pia was then named after the Queen as Pia Margherita．

Later，the dish has become popular in many parts of the world：

■The first pieria，Antica Pieria Port'Alba，was opened in 1830 in Naples．

■In North America，the first pieria was opened in 1905 by Gennaro Lombardi at 53 Spring Street in New Yor City．

■The first Pia Hut，the chain of pia restaurants appeared in the United States during the 1930s．

■Nowadays，many varieties of pia eist worldwide，along with several dish variants based upon pia． 24．What’s mainly taled about in the tet? A．Ways of maing Pia． B．The history of Pia． C．Varieties of Pia． D．Stories about Pia．

25．What can replace the underlined word“derived”in Paragraph 1? A．Separated． B．Adapted． C．Originated． D．Transformed．

26．How was pia first started?

A．Ancient Grees covered their bread with oils，herbs and cheese． B．People in Naples added tomatoes to their bread as a topping． C．Raffaele Esposito wrapped a pie in the colors of the Indian flag． D．Queen Margherita awarded her name to pia in the Royal Palace． 27．What can be learned from the tet? A．Pia remains popular around the world． B．The first Pia Hut was opened in Naples． C．The taste of pia stays the same over time． D．Gennaro Lombardi was the first to mae pia．

C

The Amaon basin region is home to about 2．5 million insect species，tens of thousands of plants，and some 2，000 birds and mammals．To date，at least 40，000 plant species，3，000 fish，1，294 birds，427 mammals，428 amphibians，and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region．One in five of all the birds in the world live in the rain forests of the Amaon.

The warm wet forests have been in eistence for 55 million years，and thrived even during glacial periods，allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species，Radiocarbon dating(放射性碳

年代测定)has revealed trees of 10 centimeter diameter to be more than 300 years old，and some trees over 1，000 years old，indicating that untouched forests can eperience unbelievable longevity．

The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amaon region about 11，200 years ago．European eplorers arrived in the 16th century，bringing diseases which traveled faster than the eplorers themselves，illing perhaps as many as 90％of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)．By the late 17th century the Amaon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish eplorers．

The Amaon rain forest has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioide into oygen. But due to deforestation(采伐森林)， cover than 5 % of the Earth land surface，and eperts believe that this rain to rests now cover less than the Earth’s land surface，and eperts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change．Severe deforestation began in the 20th century，with 587，000 square ilometers lost up to the year 2000．Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture．The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amaon rain forest will be reduced by 40％in two decades．

28．Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1 ? A．To prove the forest untouched． B．To classify species scientifically． C．To show the diversity of species． D．To attract more attention to Amaon.

29．Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amaon region die? A．European eplorers brought diseases there． B．Portuguese eplorers treated them badly． C．A lot of trees were cut down and burned． D．They got illed by Spanish eplorers．

30．What can be inferred about the Amaon rain forest? A．It has the largest number of species． B．It covers over 5％of South America． C．It is becoming larger in area．