福建师大附中2015-2016学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含答案 doc

Can you believe your eyes? A recent experiment suggests that the answer to that question may depend on your age.

Martin Doherty, a psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland, led the team of scientists. In this experiment, Doherty and his team tested the perception(观察力) of some people, using pictures of some orange circles. The researchers showed the same pictures to two groups of people. The first group included 151 children aged 4 to 10, and the second group included 24 adults aged 18 to 25.

The first group of pictures showed two circles alone on a white background. One of the circles was larger than the other, and these people were asked to identify the larger one. Four-year-olds identified the correct circle 79 percent of the time. Adults identified the correct circle 95 percent of the time.

Next, both groups were shown a picture where the orange circles, again of different sizes, were surrounded by gray circles. Here's where the trick lies in. In some of the pictures, the smaller orange circle was surrounded by even smaller gray circles —making the orange circle appear larger than the other orange circle, which was the real larger one. And the larger orange circle was surrounded by even bigger gray circles—so it appeared to be smaller than the real smaller orange circle.

When young children aged 4 to 6 looked at these tricky pictures, they weren't fooled—they were still able to find the bigger circle with roughly the same accuracy(准确性) as before. Older children and adults, on the other hand, did not do as well. Older children often identified the smaller circle as the larger one, and adults got it wrong most of the time.

As children get older, Doherty said, their brains may develop the ability to identify visual（视觉的） context. In other words, they will begin to process the whole picture at once: the tricky gray circles, as well as the orange circle in the middle. As a result, they're more likely to fall for this kind of visual trick.

25. Doherty and his team of scientists did an experiment to evaluate_____________. A. children's and adults' eye-sight B. children's and adults' brains C. people's ability to see accurately D. the influence of people's age 26. When asked to find the larger circle,_____________.

A. children at 4 got it right about 79 % of the time with gray ones around B. only adults over 18 got it right 95% of the time with gray ones around C. children at 6 got it wrong 79 % of the time with no gray ones around D. adults got it right most of the time with gray ones around 27. According to the passage, we can know that_____________. A. a smaller orange circle appears bigger on a white background B. an orange circle appears bigger than a gray one of the same size C. a circle surrounded by bigger ones looks smaller than its real size D. a circle surrounded by other circles looks bigger than its real size

28. Why are younger children not fooled? _____________. A. Because they are smarter than older children and adults. B. Because older people are influenced by their experience. C. Because people's eyes become weaker as they grow older. D. Because their brain can hardly notice related things together.

C.

The United States estimates that about one out of every 10 people on the planet today is at least 60 years old. By 2050, it’s projected to be one out of 5. This means that not only will there be more old people, but there will be relatively fewer young people to support them.

Professor Richard Lee of the University of California at Berkeley says this aging of the world has a great effect on economics. “Population aging increases the concentration of population in the older ages and therefore it is costly,” he said.

Aging populations consume (消耗) more and produce less. With more people living longer, it could get expensive. But Mr. Lee says with continuing increases in worker productivity and smart planning, it can be manageable.

Societies have different methods for caring for the elderly, but each carries a cost. Generally, there are three types of support. Seniors can live off the wealth they gained when they were younger. They can rely on their family to take care of them, or they can rely on the government.

In industrialized nations, governments created publicly-funded (公共资助的) support systems. These worked relatively well until recent years, when aging population growth in places like the United States and Western Europe began to gradually weaken the systems’ finances. These nations now face some tough choices. Mr. Lee says the elderly in some of these countries must either receive less money, retire later or increase taxes to make the system continuable.

Most developing nations haven’t built this type of government-funded support, but have instead relied on families to care for their elderly. These nations also generally have a much younger population, which means their situation is not as urgent as more developed nations. But Mr. Lee says that doesn’t mean they can ignore the issue. “Third World countries should give very careful thought to this process, to population aging and how it may affect their economies — now, before population aging even becomes an issue,” he explained. 29. “Aging” in this text means ___________________ .

A. there are more young people than old people B. an increasing number of old people are dying C. more and more young people are growing old D. the percentage of old people in the world is increasing

30. What is Professor Richard Lee’s attitude towards population aging? A. Indifferent. B. Negative. C. Optimistic. D. Worried.

31. The publicly-funded support systems in industrialized nations___________________. A. are facing the risk of failing

B. have failed to provide support for the old C. will be replaced by other support systems D. have greatly affected the nations’ economies

32. We can infer from the text that developing nations___________________. A. don’t see population aging as an issue B. should prepare for population aging.

C. are facing urgent situations of population aging D. have better ways to deal with population aging. 第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Self-confidence, motivation (动机), support and knowledge are the main factors determining if one succeeds or fails. Each of these factors influences our chances of success in a different way. 33 . Lack of self-confidence is probably the most dreadful enemy of success. 34 Even the most capable person is sure to fail with such an attitude. If it is your case too, improving your self-confidence is a must.

Motivation is equally as important as self-confidence. 35 You may even not try to achieve the goal that lies before you. It is important to find out what is the best motivation for you. If you have to do something that does not motivate you, just treat yourself with a reward after you succeed. Of course, this reward should consist of something that will motivate you to pursue(追求) a success.

36 While it is not a must for succeeding in your goals, a lack of support can often lead to failure. It is also true that some people cannot succeed without a proper support from their surroundings. These people often lose their motivation or worse, their self-confidence. If you know such a person, supporting him or her is a right thing to do. Also surround yourself with the right people. You will see the results soon.

Pursuing realistic goals is also important for a success. You should always make sure that your goals are achievable. 37 Unrealistic goals usually lead to a fast failure and also make many people embarrassed.

A. As we know, many people try but do not succeed.

B. Consider all your knowledge and skills when setting up a goal. C. Motivation is something in yourself that can push you forwards. D. There are several main reasons why some people cannot succeed. E. Supportive family and collective workplace are also very important. F. Without it, you will not push yourself towards a better performance.

G. Thinking you are not good enough to achieve your goals is the same as deciding that you will not succeed.

第三部分 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

One morning I wasted nearly an hour watching a tiny ant carry a huge feather. Several times, it 38 several obstacles(障碍) in its path. And after a momentary pause it would make the necessary detour (绕道). 39 one point, the ant had to cross a crack(裂缝) about 10mm wide. After some 40 thoughts, the ant laid the feather over the crack, walked 41 it and picked the feather up on the other side, then continued on its way. I was 42 by the cleverness of this ant. It was only a small insect, lacking in 43 yet equipped with a brain to reason, explore, discover and overcome. 44 this ant, like the other two-legged creatures 45 on the earth, also shares human feelings.

After some time the ant 46 reached its destination--- a flower bed and a small hole that was the entrance to its 47 home. It was there that the ant met its 48 . How could that large feather possibly 49 such a small hole? Of course, it couldn’t. So the ant, after all this 50