人教版八年级英语下册Unit 1- Unit 3 单元知识点归纳

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Unit 1 What’s the matter? 知识点总结

I. 基本知识点

1. What’s the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？ What’s the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.? 2. I had a cold.我感冒了。

have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu have a fever have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼 3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词

stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛

4. much too+ ，意为 ，too much+ ，意为 。 5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。 good enough足够好，enough money=money money 6. lie down躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay，过去分词 lie说谎，过去式lied，过去分词 lay ，过去式 ，过去分词

7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.

may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.

8. sound like+名词、代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth. sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice. 9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；

need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作： You need to listen carefully during class.

need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing. 10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车

11. agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事 ，同意某人的看法、观点 。

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12. trouble问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble ，make trouble ，

have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth. have trouble/difficulty/problems with sth.

13. right away=right now=at once，意为 。

14.【复习】 advice [不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见 ， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议； advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. advise doing

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15. 【复习】exercise 动词意为 ，可数时意为 ，不可数时意为 。

16. hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物动词，……（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly.

17. clean 【动词】 ，clean the classroom ，【形容词】 ，cleaner意为 。

18. hit （用手或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.

hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位； hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。 19. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；His grandpa was used to country life.

Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.

get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作：It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.

20. 【复习】free [形容词]空闲的free time；免费的the drink is for free；自由的I want to become a free bird. be free to do

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free【动词】使……解脱，得到自由He could not free his arm. free from

21. run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.

物sth. tun out. 某物用尽了。 人sb. run out of物sth..人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.

22. risk sth to do sth. 冒着...的风险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险 risk doing ...=take the risk of doing ...

23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English.

importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj. 24. decision 【名词】决定；抉择； make a decision to do sth. decide

25. be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中 26. 【复习】mind意为 介意 ， Would you mind my opening the window?

27. give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如 Never give up easily. II. 重点短语

1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛

10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医 13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片

14. take one’ s temperature 量体温 15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药 16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着……走 22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救

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24. without thinking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车 26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’ s surprise 使....... 惊讶的 28. thanks to 多亏了 ；由于 29. in time 及时 30. save a/one’s life 挽救生命 lose one's life 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻；马上 33. because of 由于 34. get out of 离开;从……出萍 35. hurt oneself 受伤 36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎

37. fa ll down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便 47. so. . . that 如此… …以至于…

48. be in control of 掌管;管理 49. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮 50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事 51. make a decision 做出决定 52. take risks 冒险 53. give up 放弃 III. 重点语法

【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。

数 人称 单数 复数 【用法】

1. 可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 如：Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.

2. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如： She isn’t quite herself today.

3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。 如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week.

第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself herself itself themselves .