2014中考英语语法专项复习：词类

A. shoes stores B. shoes store C. shoe store 28. This is not my book , but my _____ .

A. brother‘s B.brother C. brothers‘ 29. We need two teaspoon of _____ . A. honeys B.yogurt C. milks

30.It‘s about _____ walk from my house to school .

A. ten minutes B. ten minutes‘ C. ten minute‘s

31. The old man is lonely , He made a ______ by selling newspapers . A. living B. life C. live

32. Can you give me _____ on how to learn English well ? A. a good advice B.some advice C.any advices 33. Take _____ ! The car nearly hit you .

A. careful B. care C. carefully 34. September 10th is ______ in China .

A. Teacher‘s Day B. Teachers‘ Day C. Teachers Day 35. I‘d like to drink _____ .

A. beers B. some wine C. sugar

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二 冠词Article(art.)

冠词是一种虚词，放于名词前，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词不能单独使用，在句中不重读。冠词分不定冠词a/an和定冠词the两种。 ◆一 不定冠词及用法

a/an 是不定冠词，a用在以辅音开头的单词前: a boy a road

an用在以元音开头的单词前: an hour an old man ①泛指某一类的人或物。如：A panda is very lovely .熊猫很可爱。 . ②第一次提到某人或某物时。如：I have a book .我有一本书。

③表示一这个数量，没有one强烈。如：I have a month , a nose and two eyes . 我有一张嘴、

一个鼻子和两只眼睛。

④用于某些固定词组中。如：a few 有一些 / a little 一点儿/ a lot of 许多/ have a good time玩得开心

◆二 定冠词the的用法

①特指某人或某物。如：The man in the car is Mr Smith .车里的人是史密斯先生。 ②指谈话双方都知道的人或物。如：Open the door , please .请打开窗户。 ③指上文已经提到过的人或物。如: She has a son , the son works in Beijing .她有一个儿子，他在北京工作。

④用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：The sun is bigger than the earth .太阳比地球大。 ⑤用在序数词和形容词最高级前。如：the first lesson 第一课 / the tallest girl 最高的女孩 ⑥用在普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Great Wall 长城 / the Yellow River黄河/ the

Summer Palace 颐和园 / the United States美国

⑦用在姓的复数形式前表示―一家人‖。如：the Smiths are going to Qingdao for a vacation .史

密斯一家打算去青岛度假。

⑧用于形容词前表示一类人或事物。如：the rich有钱人 / the poor 穷人/ the old 老年人/ the

young 年轻人/ the blind盲人

⑨用在乐器名词前。如: Can you play the guitar ?你会弹吉他吗？

⑩用在一些习惯语中。如：in the morning在上午/ on the left 在左边 / by the way顺便说一下

/ all the year round一整年/ in the open air在户外/ at the same time同时/ all the time一直/ in the end最后；终于/ the day after tomorrow后天/ in the future在将来

◆三 不用冠词的情况

在英语中，不用冠词的现象称作零冠词。

① 如果名词前已经有指示代词（this / that / these / those）、形容词性物主代词（my / his / our …）或名词所有格等限定词，不用冠词。如： A. This is my pen . 这是我的笔。

B. Do you like that coat ?你喜欢那件外套吗？ C. These are Rose‘s books .这些事罗斯的书。

② 表示语言、学科、三餐、球类运动、棋类运动的名词前，不用冠词。如： 语言：Chinese / English / French / Russian / Japanese … 学科：maths / history / biology / geography … 三餐：breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner

球类：football / basketball / tennis / baseball … 棋类：chess /Chinese chess …

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③ 表示星期、月份、季节、节日的名词前不用冠词。如： 星期：Sunday / Monday / Tuesday … 月份：January / February / March … 季节：spring / summer / autumn / winter 节日：Teachers‘ Day / Children‘s Day …

④ 表示人名、国名、称呼语或头衔等的专有名词前不用冠词。如： A. Lucy is a nice girl .露西是一个还女孩。

B. Captain Cook is very popular .库克船长很受欢迎。 ※ 以下国家名称前用the：the United States / the U. S. / The U. S. A.美国 the United Kingdom / the U. K.英国

⑤某些固定词组中不用冠词。如：at home在家 / by train 乘火车/ go to school 去上学/on time

准时 / day and night 日日夜夜/ at first 起初/ at work 在工作/ go to bed上床睡觉/ on foot步行

◆四 以元音音素开头的字母：Aa / Ee / Ff / Hh / Ii / Ll / Mm / Nn / Oo / Ss / Xx (11个) ◆五 初中阶段以元音音素开头的单词（短语）

an apple an orange an hour an elephant an egg an umbrella an eraser an aunt an uncle

an animal an actor an artist an island an onion an ID card an unusual man an eleven boy

an old man an action movie an amusement park an interesting story an English book an eight-year-old boy an honest boy an exam an exciting job an Ice and Snow Festival an award an organization an ad an example ※ a useful book

※ 特别提示：有些短语用定冠词与不用定冠词意义不同。

in front of 在…前面→外部 at table就餐 in bed躺在床上 in the front of 在…前部→内部 at the table坐在桌子旁边 in the bed在床上 on horse骑着马 on earth究竟 on shore 在岸上 on the horse在马背上 on the earth在地球上 on the shore 在岸边

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练习

一．用a , an , the填空，不需要填的用―/ ‖表示。

1. There is _____ book on the desk . _____ book is mine . 2. There are seven days in _____ week .

3. _____ more careful you are , _____ better you will do . 4. _____ milk is good for our health .

5. He often goes to his school on _____foot . 6. Shanghai is _____ biggest city of China . 7. December 25th is _____ Christmas Day .

8. Children needn‘t go to _____ school on ______ Sunday . 9. We always have _____ rice for ______ lunch . 10. Do you need _____ umbrella ? 11. Are you all in _____ same school ?

12. There is _____ ― h ‖ and _____ ― o ‖ in the word ― hour ‖ . 13. I heard somebody playing _____ piano in _____ next room . 14. We should be kind to _____ old .

15. They are going to have _____ supper with _____ Browns tonight . 16. That evening _____ Browns had _____ nice supper . 17. What _____ important piece of news it is ! 18. _____ horse is _____ useful animal .

19. Our teacher has ______ 8-year-old daughter , She is very clever . 20. I am reading _____ novel , It is _____ interesting story . 21. What _____ nice day ! Let‘s go out and have _____ walk . 22. I have _____ cat and _____ cat is black . 23. It is very cold in _____ winter .

24. Some _____ boys are playing football . 25. _____ boy is my brother . 26. Your _____ bag is dirty . 27. Please open _____ window .

28. I prefer going by ____ sea to going in _____ train . 29. Who is _____ woman in _____ car ? 30. She is always _____ first to get to the classroom .

31. I like playing _____ basketball , but I don‘t like playing _____ piano . 32. I think English is _____ useful subject . Do you think so ?

33. He had _____ egg and _____ glass of milk for _____ breakfast . 34. – Who is _____ boy ?

- He is my _____ best friend .

35. Does Bob come from _____U. S. or _____ Australia ?

36. Linda works in _____ hospital . She says that Grandpa Zhang was in _____ hospiatl . 37. How do you go to work , by _____ bus or on _____ bike ? 二．单项选择

1. _____ book on the desk is _____ English book .

A. The ; an B. The ; a C. A ; the D. A ; an

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