状语从句用法讲解和练习

状语从句专题

一．状语从句

状语从句分九类： 从句种类 1时间状语从句 2条件状语从句 3目的状语从句 4结果状语从句 5原因状语从句 6让步状语从句 7方式状语从句 8地点状语从句 9比较状语从句 主要从属连词 when, while, as, before, after, until, till, whenever if, unless in order that, so that so…that, such…that, so that, so because, as, since although, though, even though(if), while as if, as though where, wherever than, as

二．状语从句详细讲解 ★时间状语从句 3.1．时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。连接时间状语从句的连接词有： when(当……的时候)，while（当……的时候），as(当……的时候)，once( 一旦)， till( until)（一直到……，直到……才），by the time(到……时)，as soon as（一……就）the moment(一……就)．since(自从 ……)．before(在……前)．after(左……后) 3.2．when，while，as均可表示“当……的时候”。

when强调“特定时间”，表示主句谓语动词的动作与从句谓语动词的动作是同时发生的，或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前；while表示的时间是一段，而不是一点，as多用在口语中，强调“同一时间”或“一前一后”，有时还有“随着”的含义。

I'll go on with the work when／come back tomorrow．我明天回来后会继续做我的工作。 When spring came, he felt like a trip.春天来了，他想去旅游。

As spring warms the good earth，all flowers begin to bloom．(as有“随着”的含义)

3.3．till／until，表示“一直到……”，主从句都用肯定式；表示“直到……才”，主句否定，从句肯定。

He worked until it was dark. 他一直工作到天黑。

He did not get up till his mother came in. 一直到母亲进来他才起床。

3.4．once“一旦”，by the time“到……时”。

Once you see her, you will find what I said is true. 一旦你见到她就会发现我说的是对的。 by the time+现在时，主句用将来完成时。

By the time he arrives, we will already have left here. 等他到达时，我们将已离开这儿了。 by the time+一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。

By the time he arrived, we had already left here.他到达的时候我们早已离开这儿了。 3.5．as soon as，the moment表示从句动作一发生，主句动作随即发生，通常译为“一……就”。 As soon as I finish the work, I'll go to see you. 我一完成工作就会来看你。

She came to the scene the moment she heard the news.她一听到消息就来到现场。

3.6．since“自从”， before“在……前”，after“在……后”，It was not long before意为“不久”。 since引导从句用非延续性动词或“过去时间点”或“过去时间段+ago”，主句用完成时态。 Since he graduated, he has worked in this city. 他毕业后一直在这个城市工作。

I haven't seen him since last year/ three years ago. 去年以来/3年来，我没见过他。

选出最佳答案

1) ____________ he was listening to the music, John fell asleep. A. After B. Before C. While D. As soon as- 2) How did you try to get to school on time _____________ you missed the school bus.

A. when B. how C. why D. that 3) He was riding to school ______________ he was hit by a car this morning.

A while B. when C. as D. so 4) Lucy knew nothing about it _____________ her sister told her.

A. because B. until C. if D. since

5) The policeman asked the child ____________ cross the street _____________ the traffic lights turned green.

A. not; when B. don't; before C. not to; until D. not to; since 6) The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours he realized it.

A. when B. after C. until D. before 7) _____________ we had seen all the animals, we went home.

A. Then B. After C. Though D. While 8) She has made many friends ______________ she came to our school.

A. before B. after C. since D. until 9) — How long has the weather been like this?

A. Until last night B. Ever since last night C. Two days ago D. Two days later

10) My uncle went to Australia last year. We haven't seen him . A. since almost a year B. from almost a year on C. after almost a year D. since almost a year ago 11) He was so tired that he fell asleep_______________he went to bed.

A. as if B. even though C. ever since D. as soon as 12) I knew nothing about the accident _____________ my friend told me yesterday.

A. because B. since C. until D. after 13) I didn't manage to do it ______________ you had explained how.

A. until B. since C. while D. after

【Keys】1) C 2) A 3) B 4) B 5) A 6) D 7)B 8) C 9) B 10) D 11) D 12) C 13) A

★条件状语从句 【经典剖析】 1．条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。引导条件状语从句的连词有： if 如果；unless除非，如果不；on condition that条件是；as long as只要 2．表示正面的条件用if“如果”。 If you don't look after young trees, they will die very quickly.

If the museum charges for entry, a lot of people won't be able to visit it.

3．表示否定的条件用unless( =if.．．not)“除非，如果不”。

I shall not go to the cinema unless I finish my homework before eight. 说明：if…not常可以用unless替代。

If you don?t study hard, you will fail in the exam.

You will fail in the exam unless you study hard.

4．表示使某事成为现实必要的条件用on condition that“条件是”，as long as ??只要”。 You may go swimming on condition that you don't swim too far away from the river bank. As long as you don't study hard, you will fail in the exam.

5．祈使结构表条件。

前半部分的祈使结构相当于if条件句，可用动词或名词开头；后半部分的简单句常用一般将来时，有时也用一般现在时。此句型与条件状语从句形成同义结构。 1) 祈使句( , ) +and/then+简单句 ＝> if 从句(否定式)+主句 Give me somewhere to stand, and I will move the earth.（如果）给我一个支点，我便能掀动地球。

=If you give me somewhere to stand, I will move the earth.

One more word, and I'll turn you out. 你再多说一句，我就把你赶出去。 =If you speak one more word, I will turn you out.

Use your head, then you'll find a way. 动动脑子你就能找到办法。 =If you use your head, you'll find a way.

2) 祈使句（,）+or+简单句 ＝> if 从句(否定式)+主语 Work even harder, or you will never pass the exam. 如果不加倍努力，你就永远无法通过考试。

= If you don't work harder, you will never pass the exam.

Stop telling lies, or you will be punished. 如果你继续说谎，就会受到惩罚。 = If you don't stop telling lies, you will be punished.

选择最佳答案填空

1) — Would you like to go to the park with me, Susan?

— I'd like to, _____________ you don't want to go alone. A. until B. before C. if D. after

2) Tomorrow we'll go to the city park _____________ it is sunny.

A. as soon as B. when C. if D. as 3) All of us will be happy ______________ you can come with us.

A. while B. if C. but D. or 4) Nobody can learn English well _______________ you work hard on it.

A. if B. unless C. when D. but

5) The sports meet will continue it rains this afternoon.

A. if B. since C. as soon as D. unless

【Keys】1) C 2) C 3) B 4) B 5) D 原因状语从句和地点状语从句 1． 原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的连词有： because, for, since, as, now that 1) because意为“因为”，表示直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句，用于回答why，语气最强。 He is absent today because he is ill. 他今天缺席，因为他病了。

I didn't go out because I was busy with homework. 我没有出去，因为我忙于家庭作业。 有时，可用because of后接名词或代词表示原因，此时because of=for(介词)。 We won't be able to come because of the weather. 由于天气的原因，我们来不了。 She was looking all the better for her stay in hospital. 她因为待在医院，显得好多了。

2) for意为“因为”，引导的从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供补充说明，且不可位于主句前。for前往往用逗号或分号与主句分开，引起的从句对主句加以解释。 I didn't go to see him, for a heavy snow was falling. 我没有去看他，因为在下大雪。 The days were short, for it was now December. 白天短了，因为现在已经是十二月了。 We must begin planning now, for the future may bring unexpected changes. 我们必须现在就开始筹划，因为将来可能会发生意想不到的变化。

有时，for引起的从句并不表示原因，而是表示一种推断或解释，而because则不能。 Someone in the house must be ill, for a doctor has just come out.房子里一定有人病了，因为有个医生刚刚出来。

3) since意为“既然”、“由于”，一般表示对方已知的、无需加以说明的既成事实的理由(如果从句表示的原因不是确定的事实，就不能用since，通常用because)。 Since you are going, I will go too. 既然你要走，我也走了。 Since you are ill, I'll go alone. 由于你病了，我就一个人走了。

4) as意为“由于”，表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系，着重点在主句，语气较弱。 As it is snowing, we shall not go to the park. 由于正在下雪，我们就不去公园了。

He had to apologize, as he knew he had made a mistake. 他必须道歉，因为他知道他错了。 由as表示的原因语势最弱，常用于口语。

5) now that意为“既然”，有时可将that省去，含义与since接近。区别在于：since表示原先已存在的情况，而now that表示现在才发生的情况。

Now that it has stopped raining, let's start at once. 既然现在雨停了，咱们马上开始吧！ Now that you have come, you may as well stay. 既然来了，你最好还是待在这儿。

2．地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的连词有： where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere Put it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得见的地方。 I'll find him, wherever he is. 不管他在哪里我都要找到他。

You should put the book where it was.你应该把书放在原来的地方。

Wherever you go, you should do your work well. 不论你到哪里都要把工作做好。

选择最佳答案

1) I hope to go to France some day _____________ there are many famous museums there.

A. though B. unless C. because D. where

2) — Would you like to go to the concert with me?

— I'd love to, ___________ I can't. ____________ I have a lot of homework to do. A. and; Because B. but; Because C. so; And D. and; so

3) Jim has been in the factory for two years____________ he left school.

A. when B. since C. as soon as D. whether

4) Jack was very tired _____________ he played tennis all afternoon.

A. if B. as soon as C. because D.