2015初三英 - 宾语从句

望子成龙学校2015年暑期班学案 ______________

成都市望子成龙学校2015年暑期初二升初三英语

第十四讲---语法专题之宾语从句

宾语从句是我们中考考查的重点语法之一：

宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； 陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。

一、基本讲解

1 概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。 eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)

He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 2.连接词

(1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.

(2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序

eg, I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei . 注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if

eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时， 只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether u go or not? c. if当如果讲时， 引导的是条件状语从句， 这时不能用whether.

(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\\wrong with you? 特殊情况：：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。

3.宾语从句时态

a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。 例如： Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）? b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。 例如：I didn't know （if/whether he had seen the film.）

注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。

例如：He said （that the earth moves round the sun.）

The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.） 4.、人称的变化和标点的使用

a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：

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望子成龙学校2015年暑期班学案 ______________

“May I use your knife？”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife.

“Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. →He asked me if I know her telephone number.

b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如： Who will give us a talk? I don?t know. →I don?t know who will give us a talk. Do you know？Where does he live? →Do you know where he lives? 二、宾语从句的转化

1.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：

She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed to help me with my maths.

2.当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。例如：

I don't know which sweater I should buy.→I don't know which sweater to buy. 3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：→Could you tell me how to get to the park?

4. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：

She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.

试试看，你都学会了吗？--------语法巩固练习

一、单项选择题。

1.Have you decided ________for Australia? A. when will you leave B. when do you leave C. you will leave when D. when you will leave 2.Can you tell me _________ ? A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives 3.The old man asked me ________ . A. where was the cinema B. where is the cinema

C. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema

4.I think _______ you will like him. A. that B. if C. why D. how

5.I didn?t know _______ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how 6.I wonder _________ .

A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes cost

C. how much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost

7.She asked me _________ . A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is 8.Ask him ___.

A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup 9.I don?t know _________ .

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望子成龙学校2015年暑期班学案 ______________

A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movie C. the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts 10.The doctor asked me how long ________ .

A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill 11.The weather forecast doesn?t say _________.

A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrow C. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomorrow 12.Do you know _________?

A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this is C. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to 13.Could you tell me where _________?

A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape 14.They want to know _________?

A. where is the hospital B. how old are you

C. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying 15.Tony wanted to know _________.

A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stocking C. what Father Christmas had put in his stocking D. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking

16.No one knows ___ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not. A. when B. whether C. where D. if 17.July didn?t know_________.

A. where is Tim?s father B. when was the first watch made C. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch 18.No one told us _________, so we need your help. A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. what should we do 19.We don?t know _________ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea. A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do 20.He asked me _________. A. whether I find out the sender of the money B. whether did I find out the sender of the money C. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money 二、阅读理解。（成都实验外国语学校直升生试题）

A

Emily?s wedding dress arrived at five o?clock in the afternoon, just seventeen hours before her marriage “I must try it on, mother!” she cried, as she ran upstairs.

Three minutes later Emily?s cries brought her mother upstairs. The dress was much bigger for her. Emily was in tears.

“Take it back to the dress maker?s,” Mrs. Bale said. “She must change it tonight. Hurry up now. Take it off and go. ” The dress maker?s shop was closed. “CLOSED FOR WEEK?S HOLIDAY”, said a notice on the door. She ran home again to her mother.

“This is unlucky,” Mrs. Bale said. “But what are we going to do? Shall I ask Mrs. Peters to help? She was once a

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望子成龙学校2015年暑期班学案 ______________

dress maker. I am sure she could change it for you.”

Mrs. Peters was brought in and began to work. She could see what was wrong. She had to take in a lot of materials at the front, and that was a big job. In fact she almost made it again. At about ten o?clock the work was finished, and Emily tried it on. It suited her beautifully.

The three women were having a cup of tea when the door-bell rang. Mrs. Bale answered it and looked into the worried eyes of a young woman, who was carrying a large flat box.

“Does Miss Emily Bale live here?” she asked out of breath. “Yes, she is my daughter.”

“Oh, I am glad I?ve found you. There?s been a mistake. Your daughter has my wedding dress, and I?ve got hers. And I am getting married tomorrow!” She held out the box to Mrs. Bale.

1. Emily was going to get married at ____________ the next day. A. 9 a.m B. 10 a.m C. 11 a.m D.5 p.m

2. Emily failed to change her wedding dress at the dress maker?s, because __________. A. the shop was closed for holiday

B. her mother took her dress back home earlier C. Mrs. Peters was too bad to change her dress D. there was not enough time for the dress maker 3. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Mrs. Peters was once a dress maker. B. Mrs. Peters was glad to help Emily.

C. The dress maker?s will be open after the holiday. D. Mrs. Peters didn?t do a good job in changing the dress. 4. The young woman carried a large flat box. In it there was __________. A. a piece of cloth B. Emily?s wedding dress C. her own wedding dress D. a present for the Bales 5. The mistake had probably been made by ___________. A. Mrs. Bale B. Mrs. Peters C. Emily?s father D. the dress maker

B

When Williams met Jennifer I was on the train, on my way home, when I saw Jennifer sitting in the same carriage. My first thought was “it?s her”. It was the girl I used to see every day in the library when we were at university. Often I couldn?t concentrate on my work when she was sitting so close to me, but in fact, we never spoke once, all the time we were there. And now, eight years later, here she was.

So I walked up to her and said, “We?ve met before, haven?t we? Weren?t you at Durham University?” Not a great line, I know, but it broke the ice, and we talked for the rest of the journey.

We got off the train at the same station, she said goodbye and disappeared. I was kicking myself for not getting her telephone number. But then, thank goodness, she came back and said she had to wait on the same platform for the next train. We continued talking, but when her train arrived, I realized I still didn?t have her number. This was my last chance. I pushed a pen at her and she wrote the number on a piece of paper just as the train pulled out. I got home and the first thing I said to my roommate was: “Do you remember that girl I couldn?t stop talking about at university?” And he said, “Oh, no… yes, of course I remember… ” I then talked about her non-stop for an hour. Finally, I phoned her

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