牛津高中英语模块3课文内容填空（已抠空）

Unit 1 Fog

Fog warning

When Polly left home that morning, the city was already in a grey mist. At lunch, the radio that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. At four o'clock, Polly left work and the fog .She if the buses would still be running.

A tall man

As Polly the passengers on the train,

she had a feeling that she was by a tall man in a dark overcoat. At last the train arrived at Green Park station. While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. The tall man was to be soon. Footsteps

When Polly got to the station entrance, it was empty. Outside, wherever she looked the fog lay like a thick, grey cloud. There was no one .

Polly Park Street. As she heard a man’s voice in her ear saying ‘Sorry.’ The man moved away. She could feel her heart with

The helpful stranger

Then she heard the sound again-soft footsteps behind her. A minute before, she had wished for someone to come along. Now she wanted to run, but fear her . The footsteps seemed close now. Then a man’s voice came out of the darkness. ‘Is anybody there?’

Polly . At last she answered, ‘Hello, I think I’m lost. ’

A few seconds later, a hand and her arm. Polly found herself up at the face of an old man with a beard. ‘Maybe I can help you. Which road do you want?’ he asked. ‘I live at 86 King Street.’ Polly replied.

‘Just take my hand.’ said the man. ‘Come with me. You’ll be all right.’ He took Polly’s hand. ‘ the step here.’

In his other hand the man carried a stick. Polly heard it hit the step. ‘I can remember some terrible fogs, but maybe that was before your time. I can’t see your face, but you sound young. How old are you?’ ‘Just twenty.’ answered Polly.

‘Ah, twenty ! A nice age to be. I was young once. Now we’re at the crossroads. Turn left here.’ ‘I’m quite lost now. Are you sure you know the way?’ Polly was beginning to feel again.’

‘Of course. You really shouldn’t feel ,’ He held her hand more .

The grateful helper

‘Here we are. King Street.’ He stopped.

‘Thank you so much for .’ s aid Polly in . ‘Would you like to come in and rest for a while?’

‘It’s very nice of you.’ said the man, ‘but I’ll be off. There may be more people lost today, and I’d like to help them. You see, a fog this

bad is rare. It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when it’s sunny. A blind person like me can’t get across the road without help, except in a fog like this.’ P18 Project Shark attacks

There are nearly 400 different types of sharks, but only about 30 types to have attacked human beings. Many people know that the most dangerous shark is the great white shark, because they have seen the film Jaws.

However, two other sharks are also dangerous: the tiger shark and the bull shark. Contrary to what many people might . shows that sharks seldom attack humans. There are three types of shark

attacks. In the main type, the shark attacks you because it mistakes you for a fish, but when it tastes human flesh it decides to give up and swims away. In the second type,

the shark you with its nose to find out if you are fit to be eaten, and then bites you if it thinks you are. In the third type, the shark waits for you to swim by, and then attacks you suddenly. The last two types of attack more often the death of humans.

To reduce the of a shark attack, you should follow these suggestions. Do not swim in the dark. Sharks can still see you but you cannot see them.

Do not go swimming in the ocean if you have a fresh . Sharks can smell blood over a long .

Do not wear bright clothing or jewellery, because sharks are attracted to the of, colours and bright objects. Stay in groups, as sharks usually avoid large numbers of people.

Recently, shark attacks have been increasing as water sports are becoming more popular. If a shark attacks you, follow the advice below. Keep . Do not . Hit the shark on the nose with your fist. your finger in the shark's eye. Don't be by sharks: you

are 3o times to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.

The wonderful world of pigeons

He the paper and puts it into a small case, and then into a cage and gets a bird. the message to its leg, he the bird . It immediately flies into the air and disappears in the dark.

Though it may seem hard to believe, the bird the officer uses is the same bird often seen in public parks--the pigeon. Pigeons have a wonderful of and can find their way home over long . Indeed, pigeons have been known to fly home from as far away as 1,800 kilometres. That is why pigeons have been used since ancient times to carry the news or even the mail. However, it was in war that they found their greatest use. During both World War I and II, pigeons were by armies to carry messages to and from the front lines, saving the lives of many soldiers and even helping win some important .

How do pigeons find their way? Pigeons appear to have a compass inside them that tells them which way is north. How this compass works a mystery. Of course, since a compass alone is not enough to find one's way, they also appear to use their and even their sense of smell to tell them

which way they should go. humans, they never get lost and can always find their way home.

Unit 2

English and its history

All through history, people from many different countries and cultures have lived together in Britain. The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain. That is why English has so many difficult rules that people. Old English

Old English is very different from the English we speak nowadays. In fact, we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today. Before the 5th century, people in Britain all spoke a language called Celtic. Then two Germanic groups from the European mainland—the Angles and the Saxons— Britain. Old English of a of their languages. (Both the English language and the English people are the Angles; the word Angle was spelt Engle in Old English.) place names such as London, very few Celtic words became part of Old English. At the end of the 9th century, the Vikings, people from Northern European countries such as Denmark and Norway, began to move to Britain. They brought with them their languages, which also with Old English. By the 10th century, Old English had become the language of England. When we speak English today,

we sometimes feel puzzled about which words or to use. This is because English has many words and phrases from different languages, but with meanings. For example, the word sick came from a word once used by the Angles and the Saxons, while ill came from a word once used by the Norwegians. Middle English

Middle English is the name to the English used from around the 12th to the 15th centuries. Many things in the of this new type of English. The most important was from the Normans,

a French-speaking people who England and took control of the country in 1066. However, the Norman Conquest did not English as mush as the Angles and the Saxons’ victory about 600 years earlier, which to Old English Celtic. Even though the Normans spoke French for the 250 years they England, French did not English as the first

language. On the other hand, the English language did borrow many words from French. This in even more words with meanings, such as answer (from Old English) and reply (from Old French). It is interesting to learn how the words for most animals

raised for food, such as cow, sheep and pig, came from Old English. However, the words for the meat of these animals, which was to the Normans, came from Old French: beef, mutton, pork and bacon.

Old French made other contributions to Middle English as well. In Old English, the Germanic way of making words plural was used. For example, they said housen instead of houses, and shoen instead of shoes. After the Normans took control, they began using the French way of making plurals, adding an -s to house and shoe. Only a few words kept their Germanic plural forms, such as man/men and child/children.

After the Norman Conquest, high-class people spoke French while common people spoke English. However, by the latter half of the 14th century, English had come into use among all classes in England. In 1399, Henry Ⅳ became King of England. His mother tongue was English, and he used English for all events. Modern English

Modern English appeared during the Renaissance in the 16th century. Because of this Modern English includes many Latin and Greek words. Pronunciation also huge changes during this period. Of course, this was not the end of the changes in the

English language. The question of English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer. It is certain that this will continue, and people will keep inventing new words and new ways of saying things. Project

The development Chinese characters

The Chinese language from Western languages , instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds. Chinese words are formed by different characters. In many cases, a single character can also make up a word. The history of the Chinese language can be by looking at how these characters developed.

Chinese writing began thousands of years ago. According to an ancient story, a man named Cang Jie Chinese writing. One winter day while he was hunting, he saw the of animals in the snow and observed that the of each one was different. Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to different objects. The first Chinese characters were drawings of objects. Some characters have been and others have been made more difficult over time. However, as a whole, the characters have developed from drawings into

forms. The character for a mountain was at first three mountaintops together. This became one mountaintop and three lines, and time into the character used nowadays.

Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects. Sometimes to express ideas, some characters were made by two or more characters together. For example, 'rest' was made up of the characters for a man and a tree. The character 'prisoner' was formed with a 'man' inside a square. Other characters were developed for and numbers. It is easy to their meanings by looking at them, for example, the characters for 'up' and 'down', which are of each other.

Though these kinds of characters meanings, one of their is that they do not show how they should be pronounced. Therefore, a method was developed to have one part of a character the meaning and the other the pronunciation. Many Chinese characters used today were made this way.

In the 1950s the Chinese government Chinese characters and now they have use in China's mainland.

The story of Braille

Usually, when we talk about reading, we think of using our eyes to see letters in ink on paper. However, this is not always true. For example, blind people cannot see, but they can still read books.

The man who introduced blind people to reading was Louis Braille (1809-1852). Braille lost his eyesight at the age of three as a result of an . When he was ten, he went to a school for the blind in Paris. In those days,

books for blind people used paper wire to form letters. Since the metal wire was heavy, each book weighed as much as 100 pounds.

The whole system was not for use. Indeed, the school library only had fourteen such books in it.

In 1821, a soldier visited the school and showed the students a system for messages at night during times of battle. His system used paper with small,

raised dots that could be with the fingers. Each letter of the alphabet was by a different which of twelve dots. The soldiers would their fingers over the raised dots to read the message. While the students found the soldier's idea interesting, the system was too difficult to be of p . However, young Louis Braille took the idea and worked on it. At the age of fifteen,