2009年高三英语精编复习资料：语法专题（反意疑问句）

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2009年高三英语精编复习资料：语法专题（反意疑问句）

解答反意疑问句试题, 关键在于读懂微型语境, 读出暗含的信息。再注意三点内容：即“一点相反”, 指“前肯后否”；“两个一致”指人称代词一致和前后部分时态一致。“特殊化”指不遵循常规的特殊的反意疑问句形式。因为并非所有的命题都遵循常规, 考题的设计有很灵活, 因此考生所犯的反意疑问句的错误主要是肯定与否定, 人称代词的选用, 动词的选用等方面的错误。

反意疑问句的一般应用规则是：前面陈述部分如果用肯定形式, 后面的附加疑问部分则用否定形式；前面陈述部分如果是否定形式, 后面的附加疑问部分则用肯定形式。但在交际运用中, 只知道一般的应用规则还不足以解决所有的问题, 以下几种特殊情况用特别注意。

1. 当陈述部分的主语是“I don?t think （suppose ,believe ）+ that 从句”结构是, 疑问部分的主语和谓语需和从句的主语和谓语在人称和数上一致, 并且还要用肯定形式。

如：I don?t think he can finish the work ,can he ? 但：You don?t think he can finish the work , do you ? 2. 当陈述部分有情态动词must 时, 常用的有4种情况：

1）must 表示“必须”, “禁止”等时, 疑问部分用must （mustn?t ）. I must answer the letter ,mustn?t I ?

2） must 表示“有必要”时, 疑问部分则用needn?t . You must go home right now ,needn?t you ?

3） 当must 用来对现在的情况进行“推测”时, 疑问部分要根据must 之后的动词不定式采用相应的形式。

如：You must be tired ,aren?t you ?

He must be studying in the classroom , isn?t he ?

4）must 可表示对过去的情况进行“推测” （must +have +过去分词）, 若强调对过去情况的推测（一般有过去时间状语）, 疑问部分的谓语动词用“过去式的助动词+主语”；若强调动作的完成（一般没有过去时间状语）, 疑问部分的谓语动词用“haven?t （hasn?t）+主语”。

如：He must have met her yesterday, didn?t he ? You must have seen the film, haven?t you ?

3. 当陈述部分有have 时, 表示“所有”, 附加疑问部分可用have 也可用do 。如不表示“所

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有”而表示其他含义时, 附加疑问部分用do .

如：He has a book , hasn?t he ? / doesn?t he ? She had a good time yesterday , didn?t she ?

4. 当陈述部分有seldom, hardly , few , little , no , nothing , nobody , nowhere , 等否定词或半否定词时, 疑问部分要用肯定形式。

如： Few people know him , do they ?

5当陈述部分的谓语是带有否定词缀（前缀或后缀）的动词时, 疑问部分仍用否定结构。 如： He is unfit for his office ,isn?t he ?

6. 当陈述部分的谓语动词是表示愿望的wish 等时, 疑问部分的谓语动词用may ,而且前后两个部分均可用肯定式。

如：Ｉwish to go home now , may I ? 7. 当陈述部为祈使句时的注意事项：

１）如果祈使句为肯定式, 疑问部分用肯定或否定均可。否定形式在语气上更委婉客气。 如：Ｐass me the book ,will you /won?t you ? Stop talking ,wii you ?

2 ） 如果祈使句为否定式, 疑问部分只能用肯定式。

如：Don?t speak aloud any more, will you ? Don?t be careless, will you ?

3 ） 祈使句若是以let 开头的句子, 表示“建议”（包括说话人和听话人双方）时, 疑问部分用shall we ; 表示“请示”（不包括听话人）时, 疑问部分用will you .

如：Let?s go home ,shall we ?Let us help you ,will you ?

8. 陈述部分用neither…nor , not only…but also, 等连接主语时, 疑问部分主语应用复数。 如：Ｎeither you nor I can do it , can we ?

9. 陈述部分是并列句时, 疑问部分常对后一个句子进行反问。 如：Ｈe is a teacher and he has taught English for fifteen years , hasn?t he ? 10. 陈述部分是复合句时, 疑问句常对主句进行反问。 如：Ｓhe didn?t live Hangzhou when she was young ,did she ? 在反意疑问句中还要注意一些代词的用法： 陈述部分主语 one（指人） 反问部分主语 one或he 例 句 One can?t be careful enough , can he / one ? 更多精品尽在大家网高考英语！ http://www.TopSage.com

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this, that, these,those it 或they This isn?t a fast train , isn?t it ? These are not your books ,are they ? everything ,anything , it something,nothing, everyone,,everybody, someone,somebody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody 不定式, 动名词, 其他短语 There be 句型 it he或they（更常见） Nothing happened to him,didn?t it ? Everybody agreed to the plan ,didn?t they ? Learning English well takes a lot of time , doesn?t it? be / 情态动词 There is no doubt about it , is there ? /助动词+there There will be rain tomorrow, won?t there? 能力提高

1. —Ｗasn?t it Mr. Smith who quarreled with you just now ? —______?

A. No, he was B. Yes , he did C. No , I didn?t D. Yes , it was 2. Listen ! His family must be quarreling ,______?

A. mustn?t it B. isn?t it C. aren?t they D. needn?t they 3. Oh, Clark , ______careful , ______?

A. do is; do you B. does do; won?t he C. Do be , will you D. is; will you 4. Be tough-minded , but tender-hearted , ______? A. will you B. isn?tit C. aren?t he D. are you 5. What he lacks is more patience , ______?

A. isn?t it B. is it C. doesn?t he D. does he 6. When the teacher speaks ,we have to keep quiet , _______? A. don?t we B. do we C. doesn?t he D. does he

7. There is no light in the dormitory . They must have gone to the lecture , ______? A. didn?t they B. don?t they C. mustn?t they D. haven?t they 8. Mrs. Black doesn?t believe her son is able to design a digital camera , ______?

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A. is he B. isn?t he C. doesn?t he D. does he 9. If I knew the answer ,I wouldn?t be asking , _______? A. didn?t I B. did I C. would I D. wouldn?t 10. I?m sure you ?d rather she went to school by bus ,________? A. hadn?t you B. wouldn?t you C. aren?t I D. didn?t she 参考答案：1-5 DCCAA6-10 ADDB

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