当前位置:首页 > 中考动词最全讲解-共21页 包括常见短语动词辨析,重点动词用法
⑷.by bus:“乘公交车”﹙ bus无修饰语﹚,介词短语。 51.
48. ⑴.look up: “查找”﹙字词等﹚。 ⑴.walk: “步行”,动词。 ⑵.look over: “检查”﹙身体等﹚。 ⑵.on foot: “步行” ,介词短语。 ⑶.look forward to:“盼望?”。 49. ⑷.look on? as?:“把?看作?”。 ⑴.ride a bike: “骑自行车” ,动词词组。 ⑸.look after:“照看”。 ⑵.by bike: “骑自行车” ﹙bike无修饰语﹚,介词短语。 ⑹.look at:“看?”。
⑶.on a bike: “骑自行车” ﹙bike有修饰语﹚,介词短语。 ⑺.look like: “看起来像?”。 52. 54.
⑴.drop: “下落、掉下”,及物动词。 ⑴.agree with sb:“某人的意见或建议”。 ⑵.fall: “下落、掉下” ,不及物动词。 ⑵.agree on doing:“对做某事表示同意”。 53. ⑶. agree to do:“同意要做某事”。 ⑴.be proud of:“以?为骄傲”,表示状态,延续。 56.
⑵.take the pride in:“以?为骄傲”,表示动作,非延续。 ⑴.go on to do:“继续做另一件事”。 55. ⑵.go on doing:“继续做同一件事”。 ⑴.care for:“关心、关爱”。 58.
⑵.care about: “在意、在乎”。 ⑴.remember to do :“记得要做的事情”。 57. ⑵.remember doing:“记得做过的事情” ⑴.do with:“处理、应付”﹙What do you do with it﹚。 61.
⑵.deal with:“处理、应付” ﹙How do you do with it﹚。 ⑴.look for:“寻找 ”﹙强调过程﹚。 59. ⑵.find:“找到” ﹙强调结果﹚。 ⑴.turn on: “打开”﹙电器、煤气、水龙头等﹚。 ⑶.find out:“查明”﹙真相、原因﹚。 ⑵.turn off: “关闭” ﹙电器、煤气、水龙头等﹚。 62.
⑶.turn up: “调高”﹙音量﹚。 ⑴.go to sleep:“入睡”﹙非延续﹚。 ⑷.turn down: “调低” ﹙音量﹚。 ⑵.go to bed:“上床睡觉” ﹙非延续﹚。 60. ⑶.fall asleep:“睡着”﹙ 非延续﹚。 ⑴.spend:“花费”﹙时间、金钱﹚,句式: ⑷.be asleep:“睡着” ﹙延续﹚。
Sb. spends?on sth./﹙in﹚doing sth. 63.
⑵.pay:“付款”,句式: ⑴.forget to do:“忘记要做的事”。
Sb. pays some money for sth. ⑵.forget doing:“忘记做过的事”。 ⑶.cost:“花费”﹙ 金钱﹚,句式: 66.
Sth. costs sb. some money. ⑴.talk: “谈论”﹙不及物﹚。 ⑷.take:“花费”﹙时间﹚,句式: ⑵.say: “说” ﹙强调内容﹚。
It takes sb. some time to do sth. ⑶.speak:讲”语言或正式场合讲话. 64 68.
⑴.prefer doing:“更喜欢?”,句式: ⑴.leave:“离开”﹙非延续﹚。
prefer doing to doing ⑵.be away from:“离开” ﹙延续﹚。 ⑵.prefer to do:“ 更喜欢?”,句式: 69.
prefer to do rather than do ⑴.come back:“回来”﹙ 非延续﹚。 65. ⑵.be back:“回来” ﹙延续﹚。 ⑴.talk to :“对?谈话”﹙一方讲一方听﹚。 70.
⑵.talk about:“谈论?”。 ⑴.try to do: “尽力做某事”。 ⑶.talk with:“与?谈话”﹙ 双方讲双方听﹚。 ⑵.try doing: “试着做某事”。 ⑷.tell:“告诉”﹙tell a story/tell a joke﹚。 72.
67. ⑴.be:“成为”﹙ 延续﹚。 ⑴.tire:“使?劳累”﹙及物﹚。 ⑵.become:“成为” ﹙非延续﹚。 ⑵.tiring:“令人劳累的”,形容词﹙常修饰或限定事物﹚。 75.
⑶.tired:“感到劳累的”,形容词 ﹙常修饰或限定人﹚。 ⑴.get on:“上”﹙车、船、飞机等﹚。
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71. ⑵.get off:“下”﹙车、船、飞机等﹚。 ⑴.die of: “死于”﹙直接内因,如疾病、饥渴等﹚。 76.
⑵.die from: “死于” ﹙间接外因,如车祸、战争等﹚。 ⑴.get out:“出来、把?取出来”。 73. ⑵.get out of:“从?里出来”。 ⑴.have gone:“去了”﹙在去往某处的途中或到达某处﹚。 77.
⑵.have been:“去过” ﹙已返回原地﹚。 ⑴.get back:“取回、回来”。 74. ⑵.get up:“起床、起来”。 ⑴.get in:“进入”﹙表示静态﹚另“收割、收获” 78.
⑵.get into:“进入?” ﹙表示动态﹚。 ⑴.have:“买”﹙ 延续﹚。 79. ⑵.buy:“买” ﹙非延续﹚。 ⑴.borrow: “借入”﹙ 非延续﹚。 81.
⑵.keep: “借入” ﹙延续﹚。 ⑴.die: “死亡”﹙ 非延续﹚。 80. ⑵.be dead: “死亡” ﹙延续﹚。 ⑴.begin: “开始”﹙ 非延续﹚。 83.
⑵.be on: “开始” ﹙延续﹚。 ⑴.leave:“离开”﹙ 非延续﹚。 82. ⑵.be away from:“离开” ﹙延续﹚。 ⑴.come here:“来这”﹙ 非延续﹚。 85.
⑵.be here:“来这” ﹙延续﹚。 ⑴.fall ill:“生病”﹙非延续﹚。 84. ⑵.be ill:“生病” ﹙延续﹚。 ⑴.catch a cold:“感冒”﹙ 非延续﹚。 87.
⑵.have a cold:“感冒” ﹙延续﹚。 ⑴.join:“参加﹙组织或团体﹚” 86. ﹙非延续﹚。 ⑴.close:“关闭”﹙ 非延续﹚。 ⑵.be a member of?:“成为?一员” ⑵.be closed:“关闭” ﹙延续﹚。 ﹙延续﹚。
88. ⑶.be in?:“在?之中”﹙延续﹚ ⑴.play football:“踢足球”﹙棋类、牌类、球类无“the”﹚。 90.
⑵.play the guitar:“弹吉他” ﹙琴类有“the”﹚。 ⑴.be interest in:“对?感兴趣” 89. ﹙ 强调状态,延续﹚。 ⑴.put on:“穿上”﹙强调动作,非延续﹚。 ⑵.take an interest in:“对? ⑵.wear :“穿着” ﹙强调状态,延续﹚。 感兴趣”﹙强调动作,非延续﹚。 ⑶.dress:“给?穿衣”。 91.
⑷dress in: “穿着”﹙= wear﹚ ⑴.open:“打开” ﹙强调动作,非﹙五﹚﹒词性变换是中考中的一个考点,归纳总结如下: 非延续﹚。
1.动词变三单的规则: ⑵.be open:“开着”﹙强调状态, ⑴.一般直接加“s”例:take—takes 延续﹚。 ⑵.以s、x、ch、sh、o结尾,加“es”例:dress—dresses
⑶.以辅音字母加“y”结尾,把“y”变“i”加“es”例:sdudy__sdudies ⑷.以f﹙e﹚结尾,词尾变为“ves”例:dwarf__dwarves ⑸.不规则的有:have__has 2.动词变现在分词的规则:
⑴.一般直接加“ing”例:look__looking
⑵.以不发音“e”结尾,去掉“e”加“ing” 例:come__coming
⑶.以一个辅音字母结尾,而且是重读闭音节,双写辅音字母加“ing”例:begin__beginning ⑷.注意:prefer__preferring die__dying lie__lying 3.动词变过去式和过去分词的规则: ⑴.一般直接加“ed” 例:watch__watched
⑵.以不发音“e”结尾,只加“d” 例:like__liked
⑶.以一个辅音字母结尾,而且是重读闭音节,双写辅音字母加“ed”例:stop__sdopped
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⑷.以辅音字母加“y”结尾,把“y”变“i”加“ed”例:try__tried ﹙不规则形式略﹚ 4.动词变名词:
pollute__pollution play__player act__actor decide___decision work__worker visit__visitor educate__edcation farm__farmer collect__collector protect__protection drive__driver invent__inventor solve__solution teach__teacher behave__behavior operate__operation write__writer argue__arguement organize__organization report__reporter require__requirement invent__invention post__poster develop__development explain__explaination win__winner agree__agreement communicate__communication speak__speaker amuse__amusement translate__translation lead__leader treat__treatment pronounce__pronunciation read__reader move__movement introduce__introduction run__runner excite__excitement examine__examination wait__waiter grow__growth connect__connection dream__dreamer die__death predict__prediction produce__producer hear__hearing collect__collection interview__interviewer press__pressure suggest__suggestion succeed__success begin__beginning act__action fly__flight build__building decide__decision train__trainimg listen__listening discuss__discussion cross__crossing sell__sale conclude__conclusion cook__cook sing__song record__recorder mean__meaning choose__choice travel__traveller tour__tourist serve__servant 5.动词变形容词:
surprise__surprised enjoy__enjoyable sleep__asleep surprise__surprising change__changeable like__alike disappoint__disappointed forget__forgettable slow__slow disappoint__disappointing comfort__cormfortable heat__hot excite__excited recycle__recycleable dry__dry excite__exciting suit__suitable warm__warm interest__interested clean__clean
interest__interesting annoy__annoyed open__open bore__bored annoy__annoying close__closed bore__boring live__living die__death relax__relaxed live__alive wake__awake relax__relaxing fill__full base__basic ﹙六﹚重点词讲解:
在英语中,有许多多义、多音的兼类词,往往被学生忽略,导致学生运用时的困惑。故在辅导教师应重点指出,以引起学生注意: ﹙1﹚ waste
①.n.“废品、废物”例:A lot of waste is produced in our life every day. ②.adj. “废弃的、无用的” 例:The factory is pouring waste water now. ③.v. “浪费” 例:It is bad for us to waste time
﹙2﹚ happen
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explore__explorer science__scientist serve__servant
vi.“发生”例:What happened to him?而不是:What did he happen?
﹙3﹚ fish
①.n.“鱼”
A.不可数名词,强调物质。例:Would you like some fish to eat?
B.可数名词,强调条数或种类。例:All fish have gone because of dirty water ②.v.“捕鱼、钓鱼” 例:He makes a living by fishing. ﹙4﹚ look
①. vi.“看” 通常引起注意 例:Look! He is working.
“look at?”: “看?”
②.link. “看起来” 例:The teacher looks very happy today.
③.n. “相貌、容貌” 例:The look of the city is better than before. ﹙5﹚ like
①. v.“喜欢” “like doing”表示习惯;“like to do”强调具体活动。 ②.prep. “像?”例:I like making friends like you. ﹙6﹚ hurt
①.v.“伤害” 例:He fell off his bike and hurt his leg.
②.adj. “疼痛的” 例:My back often gets hurt. ﹙7﹚ leave v.
①.“离开” 例:I will leave here for my hometown tomorrow.
②.“落” 例:He left his homework at home because of being careless
③.“留下、剩下” 例:A message is left for you. ﹙8﹚ try
①. v. “试、尽力” 例:“try on”试穿“try doing”试着做某事“tryto do”尽力做某事 ②. n. “尝试” 例:Have a try.
﹙9﹚ break
①. v. “破裂、折断” 例:I saw a piece of glass broken this morning. 另构成词组如: break into break out break off等。
②. n. “间歇﹙如课间﹚” 例:We all go out to play during the break.
﹙10﹚ open
①.v. “打开”,非延续。例:It is good for the air in the room to open the windows and the doors ②.adj. “开着的” 例:Please keep the door open for ten minutes.
﹙11﹚ close
①.v. “关闭”,非延续。例:I forget to close the door,leaving the room. ②.adj. “近的” 例:My home is close to the school.
﹙12﹚ enjoy v. “喜欢、享受?的乐趣”。词组:enjoy doing enjoy oneself ﹙13﹚ serve v.
“为?的服务”例:We should study hard to serve the peaple better.
﹙14﹚ stop
①. n. “车站” 例:bus stop
②. v. “阻止、停下” 例:The factory must be stopped pouring waste water.
﹙15﹚ sleep
①. n. “睡眠” 例:How many hours of sleep do you need every day? ②. v. “睡” 例:另构成词组go to sleep get to sleep 等。 ﹙16﹚ seem v.
①.seem+adj. 例:He seems happy today. ②.seem to do 例:He seems to be happy today.
③.It seems that__从句 例:It seems that he is happy today.
﹙17﹚ thought
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