常见词根词缀总结

homogeneous (of the same or similar nature or kind; having a uniform

structure or composition throughout), homophone (a word that sounds the

same as another but has a different meaning)

hyper: over, excessive

hyperactive (highly or excessively active), hyperventilate (to breathe excessively and abnormally fast)

morph: shape

metamorphosis (a transformation, a marked change of form, character, or function), polymorphous (having or assuming a variety of forms)

nom, nym: name

nominate (to name as a candidate), synonym (a word having the same or nearly the same meaning as another)

pan: all, everyone

panorama (a complete view in every direction), pantheon (a temple dedicated to all the gods; all the gods of a people or region)

pas, pat, path: feeling, suffering, disease

compassion (deep awareness of and sympathy for another’s suffering), sympathy (sharing another person’s feelings; feeling pity or tenderness

toward another’s pain or suffering; harmony, agreement between two people)

ped: education, child

encyclopedia (a comprehensive reference work on a wide range of subjects), pediatrician (a physician specializing in the care of infants and children)

peri: around

perimeter (the outer limits or boundary of an area), periscope (an optical instrument that provides a view of an otherwise obstructed field)

phil: love

bibliophile (a lover of books), philosophy (love and pursuit of wisdom; a

systematic investigation of questions about knowledge, existence, and ethics)

phone: sound

phonics (a method of teaching reading by training beginners to associate letters with their sound values), symphony (a long and complex sonata for an orchestra; a large orchestra)

theo: god, religion

atheist (one who denies the existence of a god or supreme being), theology (the study of god(s) and religion)

练习

根据所掌握的词根知识选择下列单词的词义。 1. An amiable person is

a. talkative, loud. b. truthful, honest. c. highly educated.

d. friendly, good natured.

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2. A lucid argument

a. is very clear and intelligible.

b. is loosely held together, tenuous. c. frequently digresses.

d. errs repeatedly in its logic. 3. A complacent person

a. frequently makes mistakes, but does not accept responsibility. b. likes to pick fights.

c. is contented to a fault, self-satisfied. d. is known to tell lies, embellish the truth. 4. To exacerbate a problem means

a. to solve it. b. to analyze it. c. to lessen it. d. to worsen it.

5. To measure the veracity of something is to measure its

a. value or worth. b. truthfulness. c. weight.

d. circumference.

6. Something that is eloquent is

a. dull, trite, hackneyed.

b. expressed in a powerful and effective manner. c. very old, antiquated.

d. not fit for consumption, inedible. 7. To indict someone is to

a. pick a fight with that person.

b. stop or block that person from doing something. c. harm that person.

d. charge that person with a crime. 8. A quiescent place is

a. very isolated.

b. tumultuous, chaotic. c. harmful, dangerous. d. still, at rest. 9. A noxious odor is

a. harmful. b. unscented. c. tantalizing. d. refreshing.

10. A person with equanimity a. has a violent temper. b. is very stubborn.

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c. enjoys the company of others. d. is even-tempered and composed.

答案：

1. d. The root am means love. Amiable means friendly and agreeable; good natured, likeable, pleasing.

2. a. The root luc/lum/lus means light. Lucid means very clear, easy to understand, intelligible.

3. c. The root plac means to please. Complacent means contented to a fault; self-satisfied (pleased with oneself).

4. d. The root ac means sharp, bitter. To exacerbate means to make worse; to increase the severity, violence, or bitterness of.

5. b. The root ver means truth. Veracity means truth, truthfulness.

6. b. The root loc/log/loqu means word, speech. Eloquent means expressed in a powerful, fluent, and persuasive manner.

7. d. The root dic/dict/dit means to say, tell, use words. To indict means to formally accuse of or charge with a crime.

8. d. The root qui means quiet. Quiescent means inactive, quiet, at rest.

9. a. The root nec/nic/noc/nox means harm, death. Noxious means unpleasant and harmful, unwholesome.

10. d. The root equ means equal, even. Equanimity means calmness of temperament, even-temperedness; patience and composure, especially under stress.

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