机械与电子工程毕业设计

机械与电子工程系

2011届专科毕业生毕业设计

烛台

作者姓名 许建国 指导教师 宋秀玲 学科专业 机电一体化技术 研究方向 数控技术 所在班级 08机电一体化技术一班 学习年限 2008年9月至2011年6月

二〇一一年六月

目 录

摘 要 .................................................................. I ABSTRACT .............................................................. II 第一章 概 述 .......................................................... 1

1.1数控车床的结构和特点 ........................................... 1

1.1.1 数控车床的原理及组成 ..................................... 1 1.1.2 数控车床的结构特点 ....................................... 1 1.2 数控车床的刀具系统 ............................................ 1

1.2.1 数控车削刀具的特点 ....................................... 1 1.2.2刀具材料应具备的性能 ..................................... 2 1.2.3数控车削刀具的分类 ....................................... 2 1.2.4数控车削刀具的材料 ....................................... 2 1.3 数控车床编程指令 .............................................. 2 1.4 数控车床的维护和保养 .......................................... 3 第二章 烛台的加工配合（一） ........................................... 5

2.1 分析零件图样 ................................................... 5

2.1.1零件图的分析 ............................................. 5 2.1.2 零件组合精度的分析 ....................................... 6 2.1.3 毛培的选择 ............................................... 6 2.1.4加工方法的分析 ........................................... 7 2.2 加工工艺分析 ................................................... 7

2.2.1编程原点的确定 ........................................... 7 2.2.2制定加工方案及加工路线 ................................... 7 2.2.3工件的定位及装夹、刀具的选用 ............................. 7 2.2.4确定加工参数 ............................................. 7 2.2.5确定加工步骤 ............................................. 8 2.3加工程序编程 ................................................... 9 2.4测量结果及结果分析 ............................................ 18 结 论 ................................................................ 20 参考文献 ............................................................. 21 致 谢 ................................................................ 22 个人简况及联系方式 ................................................... 23

摘 要

典型零件的工艺要求主要是零件的结构尺寸、加工范围和精度要求。根据精度要求，即工件的尺寸精度、定位精度和表面粗糙度的要求来选择数控车床的控制精度。 根据可靠性来选择，可靠性是提高产品质量和生产效率的保证。

对于高效率的金属切削加工来说，被加工材料、切削工具、切削条件是三大要素。这些决定着加工时间、刀具寿命和加工质量。经济有效的加工方式必然是合理的选择了切削条件。

程序内容是整个程序的主要部分，由多个程序段组成。每个程序段由若干个字组成，每个字又由地址码和若干个数字组成。常见的为G指令和M指令以及各个轴的坐标点组成的程序段，并增加了进给量的功能定义。

关键词：工艺要求；控制精度；切削条件；程序内容

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Abstract

Typical parts process requirements are mainly structural dimensions of parts, processing range and accuracy requirements. According to accuracy requirements, that is, the size of the workpiece accuracy, positioning accuracy and surface roughness requirements to select the control precision CNC lathe. To choose the basis of reliability, reliability is to improve product quality and production efficiency guarantee.

For the high efficiency of metal cutting, being processed materials, cutting tools, cutting conditions are the three elements. These determine the processing time, tool life and processing quality. Cost-effective processing methods must be a reasonable choice of cutting conditions.

Program content is the main part of the whole process, from more than one program blocks. Each program segment by the number of characters, each character also from the address code and a number of digits. Common M for G instructions and directives as well as the coordinates of points of each axis of the program segment, and increased the functional definition of the amount of feed.

Key words: technological requirements; the control precision; cutting conditions; the program content.

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