中山大学新理5.0英语自主学习大厅第四册第三单元B套答案

正确答案： K

28. ______________________ 正确答案： A

29. ______________________

正确答案： N

30. ______________________ 正确答案： F

Section B

Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.

Passage One

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Careers for women should not be any different from careers for men. Decisions about gainful and satisfying employment for women should be made on the basis of individual interest and abilities. A variety of factors can help women find better jobs. Women need better career planning and counseling. They should be encouraged to develop personal goals that will enable them to compete for good jobs in light of their abilities, desires and training. Career guidance should begin at the junior high school level, or even at the elementary school level, with the assistance of counselors, teachers and parents. Some women must change their career aspirations. Since openings in the usual women’s occupations will not be sufficient to supply jobs for all women seeking work, they must choose alternatives in other occupations. Many of these jobs may pay higher wages and offer greater opportunities for promotion. In the past, too many women were forced to settle for second best. Others were willing to settle for inferior jobs because they felt that their stay in the labor force would be temporary. However, the situation is changing as more and more women become aware of the possibility of combining the roles of wife, mother, and homemaker with that of paid worker. Employer’s attitudes about women’s roles and desires to work need to be changed. Perhaps, the overriding factors and the myths that employers, policymakers, and others in our society have unfairly associated with the work patterns of women. One such myth is that women are not seriously attached to the labor force, as they work only for pocket money. However, one recent study shows that of the 33 million women in the labor force, more than half are working because of pressing economic needs. These women comprise a group who are either single, widowed, divorced, separated, or married to men with incomes of less than $ 5,000 a year. Women constitute nearly two fifths of the work force. However, because of foregone conclusions about their interests and abilities, women are unfairly restricted in the kinds of jobs they hold. Their concentration in the less rewarding, lower paying occupations with fewer chances for advancement. Personal choice in the world of work will begin to become a reality when the guidance counselor, the shop teacher, the plant employer, and women themselves are able to develop an appreciation for the differences in personal abilities and desires. 31.

Which of the following is the thing that the author advises women to do? A) To stay at home and become proficient with domestic work. B) To take jobs reserved for men when other jobs are unavailable. C) To remain in jobs usually dominated by women. D) To settle for second best jobs.

正确答案： B 32.

According to this essay, women have often settled for inferior jobs because _____. A) they only work for pocket money B) they do not expect to work very long

C) employers have put much emphasis on factory laborers D) they think they are inferior to men

正确答案： B 33.

According to the essay, which one is not mentioned?

A) Women should appreciate their desires and personalities in choosing jobs for themselves. B) Women should plan their careers and consult others.

C) Women should apply for jobs which offer higher pay and promotion.

D) Women should, first of all, be good housewives whatever they do, or wherever they aim . 正确答案： D 34.

Which of the following best expresses the main idea of this essay?

A) Equality for men and women in employment is easier said than done. B) There should not be any difference between careers for men and women. C) Women should not have a sense of inferiority. D) Women are being treated unfairly in employment. 正确答案： B 35.

Which is stated that is beneficial and helpful for women in job hunting? A) Employment direction. B) A peculiar self-introduction. C) Keeping relaxed in the interview. D) Concentrating on inferior jobs. 正确答案： A

Passage Two

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than the later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.

What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses：a)

certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills. b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity which increases soccer stamina. c) soccer mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania. d) none of the above.

Anders Ericsson, a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above.” Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experiment nearly years ago, involved memory: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. “With the first subject, after about 20 hours of training his digit span had risen from 7 to 20,” Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving, and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers.”

This success coupled with later research showing that memory itself was not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome.

Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer. They gather all the data they can, not just predominance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own lavatory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or, put another way, expert performers whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming are nearly always made, not born.

36.

The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to _____. A) emphasize the significance of professional training B) spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup

C) introduce the topic of what makes expert performance D) state the importance of gifts in playing soccer 正确答案： C 37.

The word “mania”（Paragraph 2）most probably means _____. A) fun B) craze C) hysteria D) excitement 正确答案： B 38.

According to Ericsson, good memory _____.

A) depends on meaningful processing of information B) results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises

C) is determined by genetic rather than psychological factors

D) requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration 正确答案： D 39.

Ericsson and his colleagues believe that _____.

A) talent plays a dominating role in professional success

B) biographical data provide the key to excellent performance C) the role of talent tends to be overlooked

D) high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture

正确答案： D 40.

Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries to convey？ A) “Look before you leap.” B) “One reaps what one sows.” C) “Practice makes perfect.”

D) “Where there’s a will, there’s a way.” 正确答案： C

Part III Vocabulary and Structure ( 10 minutes )

Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.

41.

His job is to show their new products to ________ buyers. A) prospect B) prospective C) probable D) possible 正确答案： B 42.

My doctor suggested me to ________ yoga. A) take a crack at B) have a crack of C) have crack of D) take crack at 正确答案： A 43.

It’s very interesting that the twins are ________ the same job. A) going on B) going after C) going for D) going to 正确答案： B