2019高考英语复习第三板块语法填空与短文改错NO.2再研考点第一层级第四讲动词讲义

(3)某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，此时这些过去分词表示一种状态。这样的词(短语)有：lost(迷路的), seated(坐), lost/absorbed in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿着), tired of(感到厌烦), faced with(面对)等。

2．不定式作状语

不定式作状语主要用来表示目的，有时也可以表示结果、原因等。不定式作目的状语时，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用in order to, so as to等来替换，但so as to不能置于句首。

(一)考点练悟

下文中共有9处错误，每句中最多有两处。请找出并改正。

Good afternoon, Ladies and gentlemen. It is a great honor for me introduce this English speech competition. As we all know, master a foreign language is very important for us. Take part in English speech is a helpful way to learn English. Everyone wants to showing their best. When we have been preparing for it, we can improve our listening and spoken ability, developing a good habit of learn English.

In the process of the competition, you should pay attention to the rules making by us. First, you should make your voice hear clearly by everyone, so reading aloud is very necessary. Second, you should try your best to express yourself in English fluently. Finally, you should finish your speech in five minutes.

I am sure the English speech competition will be a great success and that the audience will feel satisfying with our performance. Thank you!

答案：第二句：introduce前加to 第三句：master前加to 第四句：Take→Taking 第五句：showing→show

第六句：spoken→speaking; learn→learning 第七句：making→made 第八句：hear→heard

第十一句：satisfying→satisfied (二)快捷技法

思考趋向 1.检查作主语或作介词宾语，该用动名词是解题规则 1.通过分析句子成分确定非谓语动词作主语

否错用了动词原形；检查作宾语的不定式是否错用了动名词 2.检查作定语、状语或宾语补足语时，非谓语动词形式是否用错 还是宾语。 2.熟记充当主语或宾语的非谓语动词形式。 通过“逻辑主语”这一线索检查非谓语动词是否误用 通过分析句子成分，确定非谓语动词作定语、非谓语动词作定语时，其逻辑主语是所修饰状语或宾补时，要检查与其逻辑主语之间的关系是主动还是被动，从而确定是用现在分词还是过去分词。 的名词或代词；非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语；非谓语动词作宾补时，其逻辑主语是句子的宾语。 “情感类”分词形容词在作定语或表语时的3.检查“情感类”分词形容词是否错用 检查“情感类”分词形容词在作定语或表语时是否把过去分词和现在分词形式误用。 用法区别 现在分词构成的形容词常用来修饰事物，表示被修饰的词本身具有的性质，常译为“令人……的”；而过去分词构成的形容词常用来修饰人，常译为“(人)感到……的”。 [课堂应用体验] Ⅰ.语法填空

(2018·日照五校联考)Many people may think the Forbidden City, or the Palace Museum, is __1__ outstanding and old-fashioned museum. But, in recent years, the museum has been working hard __2__ (promote) Chinese cultural heritage among young people.

The museum's online store now offers special cultural and __3__ (create) products. For example, in 2014, it started to make T-shirts that look like an emperor's coat. It also __4__ (sell) earphones that look like the necklaces worn by ancient officials, which brought __5__ about 1 billion yuan in sales in 2016, reported China Youth Daily.

Last year, a documentary (纪录片) __6__ (title) Masters in Forbidden City became popular online. The documentary is about the people __7__ job is to repair the relics in the museum. Many of these workers are young, and some are even in their __8__ (twenty)．

Some other __9__ (museum) across the country, such as the National Museum of China, __10__ (inspire) by the Palace Museum's efforts and are working on similar projects of their own.

语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了故宫博物院向年轻人宣传中国文化遗产，其

他一些博物馆也纷纷效仿的故事。

1．an 考查冠词。根据文意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词；又因为空后单词“outstanding”的发音以元音音素开头，故用冠词an。

2．to promote 考查非谓语动词。近年来，故宫博物院一直为了向年轻人宣传中国文化遗产在努力。此处动词不定式用作目的状语。

3．creative 考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰空后的名词。

4．sold 考查动词时态。本句承接上文，讲述2014年发生的事情，应用一般过去时。 5．in 考查介词。bring in意为“赚得，挣”。故宫博物院也售卖看起来像古代官员佩戴的颈饰一样的耳机，据《中国青年报》报道，这在2016年挣了大约十亿元人民币。

6．titled 考查非谓语动词。此处动词的过去分词形式用作名词的后置定语，意为“名为……的”。

7．whose 考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语，修饰后面的名词job，表示所属关系，故填whose。

8．twenties 考查固定用法。in one's twenties为固定用法，意为“在某人二十多岁的时候”。

9．museums 考查名词复数。由空前的“Some other”可知，此处应用可数名词museum的复数形式。下文的“are working on similar projects”也提示此处用名词复数。

10．are inspired 考查被动语态。空处作谓语动词，根据句意和空后的“by”可知，此处应用被动语态；又因为空处与are working并列作谓语，故填are inspired。

Ⅱ.短文改错

(2018·福州四校联考)When I was young, I lived in the countryside. At that time, the trees there were very green, that left a deep impression on me and the water there was so much clear that I even could see the fish swimming. When it gets dark, the air was cooler than it in the daytime. People liked to walk out their houses to chat together. I liked to play games with my friends but ran along the village happily. As the moon rose highly in the sky, the village was lighting. When I looked up, I could see the moon and a few star. They were so close to me. It seemed that I could touch them. The life in the countryside were so wonderful.

答案：第二句：第二个that→which; 去掉much 第三句：gets→got; 第二个it→that 第四句：out后加of 第五句：but→and

第六句：highly→high; lighting→lighted/lit 第七句：star→stars

第十句：were→was