西方法谚精选

自己所没有的权利，不得进行转让。

He who succeeds to the right or property of another ought to be clothed with his rights. 继承他人权利或财产权者，应当按原样行使该权利。

The laws aid those who are vigilant, not those who sleep upon their rights. 法律帮助的是那些时刻警觉的人，而不是那些躺在权利上睡大觉的人。 The law comes to help the vigilant, not the idle. 法律帮助警醒者，而非懒惰之人。

Time is a means of destroying obligations and actions, because time runs against the slothful and contemptuous of their own rights.

时间是消灭债权和诉权的一种手段，因为时间的流逝对怠于行使权利或藐视权力者来说是不利的。 He who is first in time is preferred in right. 在时间上占先在权利上就能得到优先。 Private good yields to public good. 个人利益服从公共利益。

Private loss is compensated by public good. 个人损失，可以从公共利益中得到补偿。 Public necessity is greater than the private. 公共之必需大于个人之必需。

An act already begun, the completion of which depends on the will of the parties, may be revoked; but it depends on the will of a third person, or on a contingency, it cannot be revoked.

依双方当事人的意图所实施的法律行为，虽然已开始，还可撤回；而依第三者意图或基于以外事件而实施的法律行为则不能撤回。

He who receives the advantage ought also to suffer the burden. 得到好处就应承担责任。

One who gets the advantage ought to sustain the burden. 受益者应承受相应的义务。

No one improves his position by his own wrongdoing. 任何人都不得以侵害行为来改善自己的状况。 No one can take advantage of his own wrong. 任何人都不得从自己的错误行为中获益。

No one can improve his condition by his own misdeed. 任何人都不能够靠自己的不端行为改善自己的状况。 One ought not to take advantage of his own wrong. 任何人都不能从自己的错误行为中获益。 He who obstructs a way destroys a convenience.

妨害通道就是破坏便利。

A privilege is personal benefit, and dies with the person. 特权为个人利益，并随该人的死亡而消失。 A privilege is personal benefit, and dies with the person. 特权为个人利益，并随该人的死亡而消失。 A privilege or benefit is not granted against one?s will. 给以特权或优惠时不应违反受惠人的意志。

It is inequitable to permit some to trade and to prohibit others. 只准许某些人经营而禁止他人经营，这是不公平的。 Residence creates domicile. 居所可以成为住所。

Deceit is an artifice, since it pretends one thing and does another. 欺诈是一种伪装术，因为其表面上是一回事但做的又是另一回事。 No one seems to defraud those who know and assent. 对了解情况并予以同意的人，不构成欺诈。

One cannot complain of having been deceived when he knew the fact and gave his consent. 在了解事态并予以同意的前提下，不得诉称受骗。 Out of fraud no action arises. 欺诈不产生诉权。

Fraud and deceit ought not to avail anyone. 任何人都不得从欺诈行为中得到好处。 It is safer to be deceived than to deceive. 宁愿受骗，也不要骗人。

Fraud and deceit should excuse no man. 欺诈行为不得免责。 It is a fraud to conceal a fraud. 隐瞒欺诈，也是欺诈。

Gross negligence is fault; gross fault is fraud. 重大疏忽构成过错，重大过错构成欺诈。 A concealed fault is equal to a deceit. 隐藏过错就等于欺诈。

Fraud and justice never agree together. 欺诈和正义互不相容。

Advice, unless fraudulent, does not create an obligation. 除非是欺诈，建议并不产生一项任务。

Deceit and fraud should always be remedied. 对被欺诈和被欺骗者，应予救济。 Fraud lurks in generalities. 欺诈隐藏于暧昧之中。

Deceit and fraud shall excuse or benefit no man; they themselves need to be excused.

弄虚作假和欺诈既不能成为宽恕的理由，也不能给任何人带来好处，倒是它们自身需要人们的宽恕。 Fraud deserves fraud.

对欺诈可实施反欺诈（已废）。

The omission of those things which are tacitly implied is of no consequence. 默示条款可以省略。 Consent takes away error. 同意就可以补正错误。

A fortuitous event is not to be foreseen, and no person is held bound to divine it. 意外事件不可预见，任何人都没有责任去预测它。

He who is in the womb, is considered as born, whenever it is for his benefit. 对于未出生之人，只要符合其利益，就认为他已经出生。 An unlawful condition is deemed as not annexed. 附加非法的条件就等于没有附加。 A fiction of law injures no one. 法律上的拟制不会损害任何人。 There is no fiction without law. 无法律，即无拟制。

Fiction is against the truth, but it is to have truth. 拟制有违事实，但自有其道理。

Fictions arise from the law, and not law from fictions. 法律产生拟制，而非源于拟制。

Every act is to be estimated by the intention of the doer. 行为应结合行为人的意图评估。

An act done by me against my will is not my act. 违反个人意思而为的行为无效。

A man may be capable and incapable at different times. 一个人的行为能力并不是一成不变的。

He who can will(exercise volition), has a right to refuse to will(to withhold consent). 有行为能力的人，既可以表示同意（行使意志）也有权拒绝（拒绝承诺）。 A personal right of action dies with the person.

个人的行为能力随死亡而终结。

A man is presumed to be simple who makes a mistake in his own name. 搞不清自己姓名的人，推定其为精神失常。 A minor should not be guardian to a minor. 未成年人不得担任其他未成年人的监护人。

No man ought to be burdened in consequence of another?s act. 人皆不必承担他人行为的后果。

Every ratification of an act already done has a retrospective effect, and is equal to a previous request to do it.

追认的效力溯及到已发生的行为，因此它所要求之事等于当初就存在。 When form is not observed, a nullity of the act is inferred. 形式未获遵循会导致行为无效。 Uncertainty of quantity spoils a deed. 数量不明确，导致行为无效。

Old age does not alone and of itself vitiate a gift, a will or a transaction. 不得仅以年老为由，使赠与、遗嘱或交易行为无效。

That which is void from the beginning, cannot be valid by lapse of time. 自始无效者，不会因时间的流逝而取得效力。 No one is presumed to give. 没有人生来就有给付义务。

A partnership is dissolved by the death of a partner. 一个合伙人死亡，合伙就解散。 Three make a corporation. 三个人可以组成社团。

What can be excused or extenuated in criminal cases by necessity is not so in civil ones. 紧急在刑事案件中免除、减轻罪责，但在民事案件却不免除、减轻责任。 What is introduced due to necessity is only allowed to be so in necessity. 紧急之时允许之事，只限于紧急之时。 Necessity renders what is unlawful lawful. 紧急使不合法变为合法。

Ignorance of fact may excuse, but not ignorance of law. 不知事实可以免责，但不知法律不得免责。

Ignorance of facts excuses, ignorance of law does not excuse. 不知事实可以免责，不知法律不能免责。 Impossibility excuses the law.