大学体验英语综合教程课堂辅导Book 4Unit 8-passage b-词汇充电

1 alternate

a. (of things of two things) by turns, first the one and then the other 交替的,轮流的。如：a week of alternate rain and sunshine 晴雨交替的一周

v. follow by turns 轮流, 交替。如：We alternated periods of work and sleep. 我们大家轮流工作和睡觉。

【联想】派生词 alternately adv. 交替地, 轮流地｜ alternate n. 替换物,[美]( 委员) 代理

人

【试题】Professor Smith and professor Brown will _____ in giving the class lectures.

A. alter B. change C. alternate D. differ

【详解】答案C。句意：史密斯和布朗教授将轮流给这个班上课。 alter意为 “改变”；

change 意为 “改变”；differ 意为 “不同”

2 complain

v. ① to express feelings of annoyance, dissatisfaction 投诉, 抱怨, 诉苦, 发牢骚。如：He often complains of her wife’s rudeness to him. 他常常抱怨妻子对他粗鲁无礼。如：His neighbors said they would complain to the police if he made more noise. 邻居们表示如果他再制造噪音, 他们就要去警察局告他。

【联想】派生词 complainant n. 原告｜ complainer n. 抱怨者, 抗议者, 控诉人｜

complaint n. 抱怨, 诉苦, 控告

近义词 rejoice, accuse, charge, condemn, denounce

3 detest

v. hate strongly 厌恶, 憎恨。如： I detest people who tell lies. 我痛恨撒谎的人。

【联想】派生词 detestable adj. 令人讨厌的,厌恶的｜ detestation n. 厌恶,憎恨｜

detestably adv. 厌恶地,痛恨地

【短语】detest evil 嫉恶如仇 4 detract

v. take away (from the credit, value, etc.) 减损(?之功绩, 价值), 转移。如：All the decoration detracts from the beauty of the building’s shape. 这一切装饰有损于大厦的外形美。 【联想】派生词 detraction n. 减损, 诋毁, 贬低｜ detractor n. 诬蔑者, 诋毁者 【短语】to detract from sb.’s merit 贬低某人的功绩 5 diffuse

v. send out, spread 散布, 传播。如：to diffuse knowledge 传播知识

adj. diffused 四散的, 弥漫的, 传播的, 漫射的。如：Direct light is better for reading than

diffuse light. 直射光比漫射光更有利于阅读。

【联想】派生词 diffusion n. 传播, 扩散｜ diffusely adv. 弥漫地, 传播地, 四散地｜

diffuseness n. 传播, 漫射

【短语】diffuse learning 传播学问｜ diffuse lighting 漫射灯光( 与直射相对而言) ｜

diffuse sound 漫射声

6 implement

v. carry out实现,履行,实施。如： The committee’s decisions will be implemented immediately. 委员会的决定将立即执行。

n. a tool or instrument 工具; 器具。如：flint and bronze implements 石器和铜器｜ farming implements 农具

【短语】implement a contract 履行合同 implement one’s ideas 实施某人的设想 7 modify

v. make changes in, make different更改；修改。如： refused to modify her stand on the issue 拒绝改变她在这一问题上的强硬立场

【短语】to modify one’s demands 使达成协议｜ modify the terms of a contract 修正合同

条款其他单词与短语讲解

8 release

v. ① to allow to be published; allow (a film) to be exhibited publicly 发行(影片),发布(新闻)。如： This film has just been released. 这部电影刚刚发行。

② to set free, let go 释放, 放出。如：I released the horse and it ran away. 我放了这匹马，然后它跑走了。｜Four prisoners were released. 四名犯人被释放了。

n. ① a film, record, or piece of information that has been released 公映的新影片,发行的新唱片, 发表的消息。 如：On this show they play the latest releases. 这次公演, 他们放映了最新的影片。

② the act of setting free or being set free释放, 解放; 免除, 赦免。 如： After their release, the prisoners came home. 获释后，犯人们回家了。

【试题】Don’t _____ this news to the public until we give you the go ahead.

A. release B. relieve C. relate D. retain

【详解】答案A。句意：在我们没有给你下一步指令前, 不要把消息公布于众。relieve 缓

解, 使宽心；relate 讲述, 使相互关联；retain 保留, 保存

【短语】release sb. from 将某人?解放出来；release sth. into 向?中释放某物 9 snag

n. sudden or unexpected difficulty or obstacle 意外的困难或障碍

v. be damaged by a snag 被戳坏, 被一个突出物弄坏。如：His sweater snagged on a tree branch. 他的毛衣在树枝上挂破了。

【短语】quite a snag of money 一大笔钱｜ snagged a bargain 突然碰到一桩好买卖 10 surpass

v. exceed, excel, do better than 超过。 如： The results surpassed all our expectations. 结果超出了我们的一切预料。 11 paradox

n. ① an improbable combination of opposing qualities, ideas 自相矛盾的话，怪事。如：It is a paradox that in such a rich country there should be so many poor people. 在如此富有的国家里竟有这么多的穷人，真是怪事。

② a statement which seems impossible, because it says two opposite things, but which has some truth in it 似矛盾而正确的说法。如： “ More haste, less speed” is a paradox. “欲速则不达”是个似是而非的语。 12 intuitive

adj. of intuition 直觉的。如：She’s a very intuitive person. 她是个直觉力强的人。 【联想】派生词 intuitive n. 直觉｜ intuitively adv. 凭直觉地 13 business logic 商业逻辑 14 Bangkok

n. 曼谷( 泰国首都) 15 Buenos Aires

布宜诺斯艾利斯( 阿根廷首都) 16 dub

v. ① make another sound-track on or for a cinema film, esp. in a different language 为影片

配音。 如： a Swedish film dubbed into English 用英语配音的一部瑞典影片 ② to name humorously or descriptively 把?戏称为?，给?起绰号

【短语】colour dub 彩色复制｜ dub out 弄平( 木板等) ｜ dub up [俚]付清

17 multiregional

adj. 多地区的 mult(i) = many, much。如：multichannel adj. 多频道的｜ multicolour n. 多

种颜色｜ multiform adj. 各种形式的，多种的

18 receipts

n. money received (in a business,etc. contrasted with expenditure) 进款，收入。如：The bank’s receipts haveincreased since last year. 去年以来，银行的营业收入已有所增加。

【短语】make out a receipt 开出收据｜ on receipt of 一收到就?｜ be in receipt of 已收

到

19 presumption

n. sth. that seems likely though there is no proof 推测, 假定。如：the presumption of innocence 无罪推定

【联想】派生词 presume v. 推测，认定，推定｜ presumptive adj. 推定的，假定的 20 segment

n. division or section 节, 段, 片, 部分。如：a dish of orange segments 一盘掰开的橙子 v. to divide or be divided into segments 分割，被分割成?部分 【联想】派生词 segmentation

【短语】in segments 成节[段], 分节[段] 21 be comprised of

be made up of 是由?组成的 22 hail

v. ① greet, give a welcoming cry 向?欢呼，呼喊。如：An old friend hailed me from the other side of the street. 一个老朋友从街的对面喊我。

② to fall 下冰雹。如：It’s hailing outside. 外面在下冰雹。 n. ① frozen rain drops which fall as little hard balls of ice 冰雹

② a number of things which strike suddenly with violence causing pain or damage一阵像雹子般袭来的东西。如：a hail of bullets 一阵弹雨 a hail of abuse 一阵恶骂 【短语】hail sth./sb. as sth. 把?称作, 把?誉为 23 hail from

come from 来自。如：She hails from Liverpool. 她来自利物浦。 24 offer up

to present a sacrifice or prayer 奉献, 贡献。如：He offered (up) a prayer / a sacrifice. 他做祷告/ 献祭。 25 split

v. break or divide into two or more parts 分开，裂开，撕开。 如： This soft wood splits easily. 这种软木容易裂开。Please split up this apple. 请切开这个苹果。

n. a cut or break made by splitting 裂缝，裂口。 如： I mended a long split in my coat. 我把上衣的一道长长的口子缝上了。 【联想】break, chop, cut, divide,tear

【短语】split sth. between 在?中间分某物｜ split sth. into 把某物分成｜ split sth. with

与?分享某物｜ split up 分裂，分开｜ split up sth. 将某物分开，把某物切开｜ split one’s sides 捧腹大笑｜ split the difference 让步，妥协，折中

26 unite

v. make or become one, join 联合， 结合。如：The two companies plan to unite. 那两家公司打算合并。

【联想】 united adj. 团结的，统一的，一致的｜ unity n. 团结，统一，联合 27 get around

tackle sth. successfully; avoid ( a law, regulation, etc) without acting illegally 顺利应付某事，躲避( 法律，规则)。 如： If you are clever, you can sometimes get around the tax laws. 假如你够聪明，有时候就能避免交税。