主格和宾格3

3最后面的都是补语。以补语结束句子。补语表明主语的：属于哪类；地点；对主语描述等。

练习：用下面的单词，组成正确的句子。并说明是BE动词的哪种用法。 例子：big/ the U.S./ is The U.S. is big. （对主语分类） 1. Is/ beautiful/ China __________________ 2. Is/ Texas/ a big state __________________ 3. Hot today/ it/ is __________________

4. The teacher/ from/ is/ New York. __________________ 5. Years/ my brother/ is/ 25/ old. __________________ 6. A big country/ America/ is __________________

7. In the classroom/ are/ the students __________________ 8. The map/ on page 3/ is __________________ 9. My parents/ in China/ are __________________ 10. Am/ I/ a student __________________

1.4 主语与人称代词。

Beijing is big. My friend and I are in Guangzhou. It is in the North. We are in Guangzhou.

My sisiter is a student. My cousins are in Shanghai. She is very happy. They are in Shanghai. My father is at work. China and Korea are countries. He is busy. They are in Asia. You are my teacher.

Mr Gao and you are my teachers. You are my teachers.

1主语可以是人称代词。来代替人的名字，或者物。人称代词7个：I; we; you; he, she, it, they. 三人称单数是指:he, she, it.或者一个的人，物：my father, a dog. 2 名词单数指只有一个人或物。名词复数指两个或者两个以上的人或物，复数名词以S结尾。（a dog; two dogs）主语是单数时 Be 动词用is, 主语是复数时，用are. I 后面用am. I am a student. Dogs are animals. My mother and father are teachers. 注意The United States (the U.S.) 虽然以S结尾，但表示单数。The United States is a big country.

总结：I am, we are, you are, he is, she is, it is, they are.

3 You有两种意思：你，你们。BE动词都用 are.到底是哪种意思，要看后面的名词。 You are a student.(你) You are students.（你们）

4 当主语是另外一个人和I 时。Be动词用are.并把另外一个人的名字放I之前，表示对别人的尊重。John and I are good friends. 5 主语用人称代词it来谈论时间和天气。BE动词用is. It is hot in Guangzhou. It

is 6 o’clock now.

6 They 用来代替复数的人，复数的物。My friends are here. They are good to me. My books are here. They are on the floor. 练习：用正确的人称代词和Be动词填空。人称代词有：____,____,____,____,____,____,____.

例：Canada and Mexico are countries. They are in the North America. 1. Florida is a state. _______ _______ in the Southeast. 2. _______ _______ warm in Yunnan.

3. Shanghai and Beijing are big cities. _______ _______ beautiful. 4. _______ _______ a student.（指自己） 5. _______ _______ 4:30.（时间）

6. My parents are in Guangdong. _______ _______ in Guangzhou. 7. You and I are students. _______ _______ in the classroom now. 8. _______ _______ raining today.（天气）

1.6 Be动词用法一。用语描述主语。

主语 be very 形容词 New York City is very big. People are helpful. The weather is nice. I am tired.

BE动词+接形容词用来描述主语。形容词没有单复数形式。New York is big. New York and Chicago are big.

练习：将下列形容词填入一下的空格中。有的空可填多个。 Clean, interesting, big, beautiful, hot, famous, rich.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

This classroom is _______________. This city is _______________. This college is _______________. The weather is _______________. Americans are _______________. The teacher is _______________.

1.7 Be动词用于定义主语。（给主语分类）

单数主语 be A or An (形容词) 单数名词 I am a student. You are a teacher. Guangzhou is an (interesting) city.

复数名词 be (形容词) 复数名词 Guangzhou and Shanghai are (big) cities. We are (Chinese) students. You are (good) teachers. 1 BE动词+名词 表示主语是什么人，物，地方。

2 如果名词是单数，前面要加上a或an. 当单数名词以元音开头的时候，用an. 元音有：a, e,i, o, u. 3 复数名词前不用a, an. 4 名词前可以加上形容词。

练习一。给下面的句子加上一个形容词。

Important; eighth, big, famous, good, common, very good.

例： January 1 is a holiday. ---January 1 is an important holiday. 1. August is a month.

2. Puerto Rico is an island. 3. Toyata is a company. 4. I’m a student.

5. Los Angels and Chicago are cities. 6. John is a name.

练习：用正确的BE动词填空。如果是单数名词，加上不定冠词a 或an. 复数名词前不要用不定冠词。

例：The U.S. is a big country. The U.S. and Canada are big countries. 1. California ____________ big country.

2. Guangzhou and Shenzhen ____________ cities in Guangdong. 3. Puerto Rico ____________ island.

4. Puerto Rico and Cuba ____________ islands. 5. Thanksgivng ____________ American holiday. 6. Chinese and English ____________ languages. 7. China and America ____________ countries

1.8 Be动词用来表达主语的地点或者来源。

介词 例子

On (在上面): The book is on the table. The table is on the floor.

At(大致的地方)：I am at school. My brother is at home. They are at work. In(在里面):The students are in the classroom. The wastebasket is in the corner. In front of(在前方)：the blackboard is in front of the students.

In back of/behind (在后方): The teacher is in back of the desk. The blackbord is behind the teacher.

Between(在…之间): The empty desk is between the two students.

Abover/over (在上面): The exit sign is over the door. The clock is above the exit sign.

Under/below(在下面): The textbook is below the desk. The exit sign is under the door.

Near/ by/ close to(在附近): The sharpener is by/ close to/ near the window. Next to(在隔壁): The light switch is next to the door. Far from(相隔很远): Guangzhou is far from Wuhan. Across from(和…对门) Room 101 is across from Room 203.

In(+城市): The Tian an men square is in Beijing. The White House is in Washington, D.C.