[经典高考]高考英语 专题练习 - 英语句子成分的划分及练习

五、分词独立结构：分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致!

否则应有自己的逻辑主语，构成分词独立结构。 例：

错句：Studying hard,your score will go up.

正确：(1) Studying hard,you can make your score go up. 或 (2)If you study hard,your score will go up.

解析：错句中分词studying没有自带逻辑主语，则其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，既your score . 显然做study的应是人，不应是your score（分数）. 正确句(1)更正了句子的主语,使其与分词逻辑主语一致( 同为you );正确句(2)则使用条件分句带出study的主语,(不过已经不是分词结构了). 分词独立结构常省略being,having been.不过‘There being...’的场合不能省略. 如：

Game (being) over,he went home.

He stands there,book (being) in hand. 独立结构还可用with、without引导，作状语或定语。这种结构不但可以用分词，还可以用不定式、形容词、介词短语、副词或名词等。 如：

With nothing to do,he fell asleep soon./无事可做，他很快就睡着了。 The teacher came in,with glasses on his nose./老师进来了，戴着一付眼镜。（注意，此句on his nose不可省略！）

(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分， 10分钟） ① I don't like the picture on the wall.

A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus?

A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?

A.Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast ⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.

A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework ⑦ What I want to tell you is this.

A. want B. to tell C. you D. is ⑧ We had better send for a doctor.

A. We B. had C. send D. doctor ⑨ He is interested in music.

A. is B. interested C. in D. music ⑩ Whom did you give my book to?

A. give B.did C. whom D. book

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句子成分练习题( 一 )

(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分， 4分钟）

① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here.

③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟） ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English.

③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. ④ How many new words did you learn last class?

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. ⑦ They made him monitor of the class.

⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. ⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school. ⑩ They didn't know who \ really is. (四) 挑出下列句中的表语（5分， 5分钟） ① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim? ③ The leaves have turned yellow.

④ Soon They all became interested in the subject. ⑤ She was the first to learn about it.

(五) 挑出下列句中的定语（6分，6分钟） ① They use Mr, Mrs with the family name. ② What is your given name?

③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.

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④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. ⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep. ⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe! (六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语（6分， 6分钟）

① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

② He asked her to take the boy out of school. ③ She found it difficult to do the work. ④ They call me Lily sometimes. ⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.

⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now? (七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分， 8分钟） ① There was a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books. ⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it. ⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine. (八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语（5分， 5分钟）

① Please tell us a story.

② My father bought a new bike for me last week. ③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term. ④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom. ⑤ Did he leave any message for me? 答案

(一)① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do

(二)① B② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C ⑥ C ⑦ D ⑧ C⑨ A⑩ A

(三)①homework. ②English. ③attention ④ words ⑤to go

swimming school.

② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语 ③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语

④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语 ⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语

句子成分练习题(

二 )

指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分： 1.Whether we’ll go depend on the weather . 2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily . 3. That was how they were defeated. 4.The nursery takes good care of our children . 5.I’ll return the book to you tomorrow . 6.We are sure that we shall succeed . 7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other . 8.There are many film that I’d like to see.

9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ? 10.I have a lot of work to do . 12. I said it in fun . 13. We can send a car over to fetch you . 14. She had to work standing up . 15. Seeing this ,some comrades became very worried . 16. Much interested , he agreed to give it a try . 7

⑥ he was ill. ⑦ him monitor ⑧bridge museum⑨ it

⑩ who\

(四)①tired. ②worried ③yellow. ④interested ⑤the first (五)① family ②given③third ④ some ⑤ downstairs ⑥ of the

other shoe!

(六)①to read newspapers and books ②to take the boy ③ difficult 11. Anyway I won’t stop you from doing it . ④ Lily ⑤ get on the bus ⑥ playing football

(七)① on her face. ②Every night ③ when he was eleven. ④ too fast. ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm ⑥ because

she loves books.

⑦ if you’ve lost it ⑧ to see the other machine.

(八)① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语

17. The bus arrived ten minutes late . 18. We should serve the people heart and soul. 19. Spring coming on , the tree turned green . 20. Some farmers saw something strange in the sky . 21. We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting . 22. It’s strange that she doesn’t come today . 23. It was in the library that I come today . 24. He likes drawing at times when he isn’t working . 25. We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.

A. a book store B. book store C. books store D. books stores 6 、Although it's raining hard, ___ are still working in the fields.

A. but they B. and they C. they D. since they

B

1、 The doctor as well as the nurses ___ great concern for the

patients.

A. show B. shows C. have shown D. are showing 2、 Your son must be a clever boy, ___ he?

A. is B. isn't C. must D. mustn't

3、 The computer center, ___ last year, is very popular among

students in this school.

A. open B. opening C. opened D. being opened 4 、I ___ go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home.

A. mustn't B. had to C. can't D. needn't 5 、Don't ___ excited.

A. get B. is C. seem D. look 6 This room ___ every morning.

A. is cleaning B. is cleaned C. cleans D. cleaning

句子成分练习题( 三 ) A

1、 ___ six years since I began to study English.

A. It is B. I have been C. There are D. It was 2 、___ in the room at that time.

A. Nobody was B. Someone were C. Who is D. He are 3 、IT'S very noisy outside. ___ is going on?

A. Who B. What C. Which D. Where 4、 ___ in English in class every day is important.

A. Speak B. Talking C. Saying D. To tell 5 、There must be____ near the factory.

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C

1、 Glad to meet you! ___ is your full name?

A. What B. Where C. How D. Who