毕业设计（论文）-废轮胎裂解新工艺方案的设备设计

各专业完整优秀毕业论文设计图纸

毕业设计

学生姓名： 学 号： 100609235 学 院： 材料科学与工程学院 专 业： 冶金工程 题 目： 废轮胎裂解新工艺方案的设备设计 指导教师： 评阅教师：

2014

年06月

毕 业 论 文 中 文 摘 要

本设计最大的特点，是利用了钢铁厂的废气；提出了一种高效、环保的具有很大吸引力的废轮胎的回收的工艺。论文主要针对这种绿色的设计理念，设计了相应的废旧轮胎裂解设备。包括预热仓，裂解仓，热风炉。与现存的以电能供热的设备相比，最大的优点和竞争力主要体现在热风炉上。本工艺摒弃了现存利用电能的设备，将钢铁厂的废弃物和废旧轮胎的裂解联系在一起，进行能量回收利用，减小了能耗，降低了成本，具有很好的前景。 论文研究和设计了氮气气氛下废旧轮胎的裂解工艺路线.并设计了预热炉和加热炉，改良了废氮气的回收与利用流程。详细设计了裂解100千克废旧轮胎具体工艺过程.其预热温度设定为260℃，裂解温度设定为500℃。 同时，本文充分利用氮气的惰性保护，选择了具有受热均匀的立式裂解塔，使裂解更加充分， 能量得到更加充分的利用。 关键词 废旧轮胎 热裂解 裂解设备

毕 业 论 文 外 文 摘 要

Title New equipment design process scheme of waste tire pyrolysis Abstract The biggest feature of this design is the use of waste iron and steel plant, and process a high-efficiency environment protected recovery process of waste tire which is very attractive. In this paper of the green design principle, we design the corresponding waste tyre cracking equipment,including the preheating chamber, a cracking chamber, hot blast stove. Compared with the existing electric heating equipment, the biggest competitive advantage is mainly embodied in hot blast stove. The process has abandoned the existing use of electric power equipment, combines waste of steel and iron plant and the cracking of scrap tire , which recycles energy , reduces energy consumption, reduces the cost, so it has the very good prospect. The design of the pyrolysis process of waste tire under nitrogen atmosphere was studied and designed.And we designed the preheating furnace and heating furnace, improved the recovery and utilization of waste nitrogen process. The design of the100 kilograms of waste tyre cracking process is concrete and detailed, The preheating temperature set at 260 ℃, 500 ℃ of pyrolysis temperature setting. At the same time, this paper makes full use of inert nitrogen, choose the vertical cracking tower which make the particle of waste tire heated uniformly, the energy utilized fully . Keywords Waste tire Thermal cracking Cracking device

毕 业 设 计

目 录

第I页 共Ⅰ页

1绪论 ............................................................................................................................................................ 1

1.1 背景与现状 .................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1.1 废旧轮胎对环境的影响 ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2废旧轮胎传统的处理方式 .................................................................................................... 2 1.2常压惰性气体热解技术 ................................................................................................................... 3

1.2.1 常压惰性气体热解技术法定义 ......................................................................................... 3 1.2.2 常压惰性气体热解技术法原理 ......................................................................................... 4 1.2.3 废旧轮胎裂解反应的影响因素 ......................................................................................... 5 1.2.4 常压惰性气体热解技术法的特点 ..................................................................................... 5 1.2.5 常压惰性气体热解技术的应用 ......................................................................................... 6 1.3 废旧轮胎的分类和物理参数 .......................................................................................................... 6

1.3.1轮胎的分类 ............................................................................................................................ 6 1.3.2 轮胎规格 ............................................................................................................................... 7 1.3.3 轮胎的速度等级 ................................................................................................................... 7 1.4 课题的提出和主要研究内容 ........................................................................................................ 8

1.4.1 课题的提出 ......................................................................................................................... 8 1.4.2 主要研究内容 ..................................................................................................................... 8

2 轮胎参数和裂解反应流程 ......................................................................................................................... 9

2.1 工艺路线 .......................................................................................................................................... 9 2.2裂解反应的流程 ............................................................................................................................... 9 3 热解技术的主要设备设计 ....................................................................................................................... 11

3.1预热仓 ............................................................................................................................................. 11 3.2裂解仓 ............................................................................................................................................. 13

3.2.1 裂解仓中的问题和之前的设备 ......................................................................................... 13 3.2.2国内外设备比较 .................................................................................................................. 13 3.2.3立式裂解塔结构 .................................................................................................................. 14 3.3 蜂窝式加热炉 ................................................................................................................................ 17

3.3.1蜂窝式加热炉的容量 .......................................................................................................... 17 3.3.2蜂窝式加热炉的加热原理 .................................................................................................. 18 3.3.3蜂窝式加热炉的大小设计 .................................................................................................. 19

结 论 ......................................................................................................................................................... 20 致 谢 ......................................................................................................................................................... 21 参考文献 ....................................................................................................................................................... 22