新视野大学英语第三版电子教案book2unit1B

辽东学院外国语学院大学英语系列教案 新视野大学英语第三版读写教程 第 2 册

Unit 1 Section B The great journey of learning 伟大的学习之旅

1 Malcolm X was an African-American civil rights activist, religious leader, writer, and speaker. Born in 1925, he was mysteriously assassinated in 1965. By the time of his death, his own telling of his life story, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, had been widely known. He was born Malcolm Little into a poor household. Later, he took the name Malcolm X after joining an organization called the Nation of Islam, a religious group that had changed major practices and beliefs of mainstream Islam to apply more specifically to the condition of African-American people in the United States in the early 1960s.

1 马尔科姆·艾克斯是一位非裔美国民权活动家、宗教领袖、作家和演说家。 他生于 1962 年，1925 年被神秘地暗杀。 在他去世之前，他对自己生平的自述——《马尔科姆·艾克斯 自传》已闻名遐迩。 他出生于一个贫民家庭，取名马尔科姆·利特尔。 后来，他加入了一个 叫“伊斯兰民族”的组织，之后改名为马尔科姆·艾克斯。“伊斯兰民族”是个宗教团体，它改变 了美国主流伊斯兰教的一些主要的习俗和信仰，使之更适用于 19 世纪 60 年代早期非裔美 国人的特定情况。

1 Malcolm X was an African-American civil rights activist, religious leader, writer, and speaker. (Para. 1)

Meaning: Malcolm X, an African American, played many roles in his time. He was a civil rights activist, religious leader, writer, and speaker. Usage note:

当两个单数可数名词连用表示一个整体时，只用一个冠词。例如： a civil rights activist and a religious leader 一位民权活动家和一位宗教领袖（指两个人） a civil rights activist and religious leader 一位民权活动家和宗教领袖（指一个人） civil rights: n. [pl.]

the rights that every person should have, such as the right to vote or to be treated fairly by the law, whatever their sex, race, or religion 公民权

Note: This is a compound noun just as animal rights and human rights. 2 Born in 1925, he was mysteriously assassinated in 1965. (Para. 1) Meaning: Malcolm X was born in 1925 and murdered in 1965 for unknown reasons. 3 By the time of his death, his own telling of his life story, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, had been widely known. (Para. 1)

Meaning: Before the time when he died, his life story from his own account, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, had become well-known. 4 He was born Malcolm Little into a poor household. (Para. 1) Meaning: He was called Malcolm Little when he was born into a poor family.

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辽东学院外国语学院大学英语系列教案 新视野大学英语第三版读写教程 第 2 册

5 Later, he took the name Malcolm X after joining an organization called the Nation of Islam, a religious group that had changed major practices and beliefs of mainstream Islam to apply more specifically to the condition of African-American people in the United States in the early 1960s. (Para. 1)

Meaning: Later, he changed his name to Malcolm X after he joined an organization called the Nation of Islam. It was a religious group that had changed major religious practices and beliefs accepted by most followers of Islam to accommodate more particularly the condition of African Americans in the United States in the early 1960s. Usage note: specifically

1 specifically 用于指“特地；特别；专门”时，词义同 particularly 和 especially 相近。例如： We hope to expand our business to other areas, specifically (particularly) in Europe. 我们 希望把业务扩大到其他地区去，特别是欧洲。

I never liked long walks, specifically (especially) in winter. 我从来都不喜欢长距离散步，尤 其是在冬天。

2 specifically 用于指“详尽地；明确地”时，词义同 exactly 和 precisely 相近。例如： Research shows specifically (exactly) that company growth is more often determined by

internal factors. 研究明确表明，公司的成长更多的时候是由内部因素决定的。 It’s very difficult to know specifically (precisely) how much impact the changes will have. 很难准确地了解这些变化会造成多大影响。

2 Malcolm X learned about the Nation of Islam while in prison for committing criminal acts such as theft. Because he was poorly educated, he felt inadequate to teach his new beliefs to others. As a young man, he could sketch his thoughts with poor grammar and little vocabulary using the simple, unsophisticated language of people on the street. As an adult, when he tried to inform people about his new beliefs at a rally, he found that he didn't have the adequate communication skills he needed. In his own words, he \

2 马尔科姆·艾克斯因当时犯有诸如偷窃等罪而入狱。他在监狱里得知了“伊斯兰民族”组 织。 由于没有受过良好的教育，他在向别人传授他的新信仰时感到力不从心。作为一名年 轻人，他可以用草根语言来概述自己的想法，语言简单、粗浅、语法差劲，且词汇贫乏。 可 作为一名成年人，当他在大型公众集会上向人们阐述他的新信仰时，他发觉自己缺少了所需 的语言交流技能。 用他自己的话说，他“甚至没有这个功能”。 6 Malcolm X learned about the Nation of Islam while in prison for committing criminal acts such as theft. (Para. 2)

Meaning: Malcolm X became to know about the Nation of Islam when he was in prison for being involved in an illegal activity such as stealing.

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辽东学院外国语学院大学英语系列教案 新视野大学英语第三版读写教程 第 2 册

7 Because he was poorly educated, he felt inadequate to teach his new beliefs to others. (Para. 2)

Meaning: As he did not have much education, he felt incompetent and was unable to say much about his new beliefs to others.

8 As a young man, he could sketch his thoughts with poor grammar and little vocabulary using the simple, unsophisticated language of people on the street. (Para. 2)

Meaning: Being a young man, he could use the simple, rough language spoken by uneducated people on the street to express his ideas with poor grammar and little vocabulary.

9 As an adult, when he tried to inform people about his new beliefs at a rally, he found that he didn’t have the adequate communication skills he needed. (Para. 2) Meaning: Being an adult, he found that he didn’t have enough communication skills that could help him to inform people about his new beliefs at a large public meeting. 10 In his own words, he “wasn’t even functional”. (Para. 2)

Meaning beyond words: He realized that he was severely inadequate in communicating with people because he wasn’t even able to say, express, and explain things properly.

3 In a bid to increase his knowledge and improve his skills, desperate Malcolm X devised a scheme. He turned to books, believing this would be beneficial. However, when he tried to read serious books on his own, he was distressed as he didn't know most of the words. \in Chinese,\end up with no clue as to what the book was about. \became frustrated,\Malcolm X wrote in his autobiography, speaking of his inadequate language skills.

3 为了增长知识，提高沟通技能，深陷绝望的马尔科姆·艾克斯为自己制定了一个计划。 他 决定求助于书籍，相信书会使他受益匪浅。 可是当他试图阅读一些严肃的书本时，他不禁 倍感苦恼，因为大部分的词他都不认识。他写道：“这些书还不如是用中文写的。” 他跳过了 所有不认识的词，可是最终他全然不知这本书里写了什么。马尔科姆·艾克斯在他的自传里 谈到他贫乏的语言技能时是这样写的：“我变得沮丧起来。” 11 In a bid to increase his knowledge and improve his skills, desperate Malcolm X devised a scheme. He turned to books, believing this would be beneficial. (Para. 3) Meaning: In order to expand his knowledge and better his language skills, frustrated Malcolm X worked out a plan – to resort to books, which, he believed, would help him to learn. Usage note: desperate, despair

despair 是 desperate 的名词形式。例如：

He sank into despair after his business failed. 生意失败后，他陷入了绝望。 The Red Cross hopes to mount 15 flights a day – carrying enough food to feed 500,000 of the

most desperate famine victims. 红十字会希望每天能飞 15 趟航班，以便为处于绝望中的 50 万饥民携带足够的食物。

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辽东学院外国语学院大学英语系列教案 新视野大学英语第三版读写教程 第 2 册

Usage note: scheme, schedule

1 scheme 可用作动词和名词，表示“计划；图谋；方案”，多用于指非法或不好的事。例如： There is hard evidence to suggest that he schemed to bring about the collapse of the Labor government. 有确凿的证据表明，他密谋了工党政府的垮台。

He had a crazy scheme to corner the champagne market. 他有一个疯狂的计划，想要垄断香 槟市场。

2 schedule 也可用作动词和名词。用作动词，表示“安排；排定”，是 arrange 的同义词；用作 名词，表示“时间表；时刻表”，英国英语用 timetable 来表示“时刻表”。例如： The opening is scheduled for January. 开幕式定于一月举行。

The project is three months behind schedule and will not be completed until the end of next year. 这项工程比时间表晚了三个月，在明年年底前才能竣工。 12 However, when he tried to read serious books on his own, he was distressed as he didn’t know most of the words. “They might as well have been in Chinese,” he wrote. (Para. 3)

Meaning: Yet, when he tried to read some serious books, he was depressed since most of the words are unfamiliar to him. He began to find that it could not have been even worse to him (= it could be the same to him) if the books were written in Chinese. Usage note: might as well

1 might as well 表示“还不如；倒不如”时，might 或 may 没有区别。例如： There’s nobody interesting to talk to, so we may as well go home. 在这儿跟谁说话都没意 思。我们还是回家吧。

Shall we go and see Fred? ～ OK, might as well. 我们去看看弗雷德吧? ～好吧，去也行！ 2 请注意 might as well 与 had better 的区别。例如：

We might as well have something to eat. (= There is nothing more interesting to do.) 我们 还不如去吃点东西。

We’d better have something to eat. (= We ought to eat; there is a good reason to eat now.) 我们最好吃点东西。

Although my brother and I lived in the same city, we rarely had time to see each other, so

he might as well have been a thousand miles away. 虽然我的哥哥和我住在同一个城市， 我们很少有时间见面，所以他还不如住在千里之外。 13 He skipped all the words he didn’t know and then would end up with no clue as to what the book was about. “I became frustrated,” Malcolm X wrote in his autobiography, speaking of his inadequate language skills. (Para. 3)

Meaning: He ignored all the words he didn’t know, and in the end he found himself completely had no idea of what the book was about. Malcolm X wrote, “I became frustrated,” when talking about his inadequate language skills in his autobiography. Usage note: end up (with)

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