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学科网3年高考2年模拟1年原创精品高考系列
专题九 情态动词及虚拟语气
【考点定位】 2010考纲解读和近几年考点分布
【考点pk】 名师考点透析
虚拟语气考点透析
考点一、虚拟语气的基本用法
1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,基本结构为:主语+动词的一般过去时(be动词用were)+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+动词原形+其他成分。例如:
①(2006年福建卷)If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing,I would invite her to the party.
A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.might not
解析 句意为:如果不是因为她不会唱歌的事实,我会邀请她来参加那次聚会的。that从句为同位语从句,描述的是事实,用陈述语气。正确答案为C。
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,基本结构为:主语+动词的过去完成时+其他成分+if+should/would/could...+have done+其他成分。例如:
(2008年全国卷)If the weather had been better,we could have had a picnic.But it ______ all day.
A.rained B.rains C.has rained D.is raining
(2005年湖北卷)If I ______ plan to do anything I want to,I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.
A.would B.could C.had to D.ought to
解析 句意为:如果我能够计划做我想做的事情,我想去西藏并且尽可能多玩一些地方。句子描述的是与将来事实相反的事情,所以正确答案为B。
考点二、含蓄虚拟条件句
这样的虚拟句不含有if从句,而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等引导的句子代替if从句,主句的谓语动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本用法相同。例如:
(2008年山东卷)Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ______ it without you.
A.can manage B.could have managed
C.could managed D.can have managed
解析 由语境可知这里要表达的意思是:如果没有你们辛勤的工作,我们不可能处理好这件事。很显然,这是对过去发生的事实的虚拟,所以要用could have done,故应选B。
考点三、主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句
在有些虚拟条件句中,主从句时间不一致,应根据不同情况区别对待。例如:
(2002年上海卷)It’s hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ______ in
love,at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A.wouldn’t have fallen B.had not fallen C.should fall D.were to fall
(2005年江苏卷)—Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?
—I agree,but the problem is ______ he has refused to. A.will not be sent;that B.not be sent;that
C.should not be sent;what D.should not send;what
解析 问句句意为:难道你不认为必须把他送到迈阿密而不是纽约吗?句子表示理应如此的意思。正确答案为B。
考点五、wish/if only/would rather从句中的虚拟语气
具体说来其基本结构为:wish/if only/would rather+主语+动词一般过去时(表示与现在事实相反,其中be动词用were)/动词过去完成时(表示与过去事实相反)/would+动词原型(表示与将来事实相反)。例如:
(2003年上海卷)Look at the trouble I’m in,if only I ______ your advice! A.followed B.would follow
C.had followed D.should follow
解析 句意为:看我目前的困境,要是我听你的建议就好了。其描述的是与过去事实相反的事情。正确答案为C。
情态动词考点透析
考点一、情态动词基本含义的考查
情态动词的基本含义,一直是高考考查的重要内容。例如:
1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone______get out. A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could
解析:考查情态动词的基本含义。had to:不得不; would:表示意愿或过去常常;could倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力;was able to 表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。因此,答案是C。
2. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. —They______be ready by 12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
解析:can:能够;should:应该,表示责任、义务。Might:可能;need:需要。它们应该在12点前准备好。所以,答案是B。
3. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman______be so rude to a lady .
A. might B. need C. shouldD. would
二、情态动词表示推测的考查
对情态动词表示推测的用法,是高考考查情态动词的一个重要方面。例如:
1. Sorry, I’m late. I______have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again .
A. might B. should C. can D. will
解析:might have done : (过去)可能做过某事;shouldhave done :本应该做某事。根据本句提供的情境I’m late 表明说话人可能把闹钟关上了。答案是:A。
2. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he______your lecture.
A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended
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