浅析西方“吸血鬼”文化与东方 鬼文化对比分析

Comparative Analysis of the Culture Between Western

Vampire and Eastern Ghost

1 Comparison of vampire and ghost

1.1 The background of vampire

The legend of Vampire is originated from the fear and worship for blood of western people. The development of understanding the world and human themselves was formed gradually, and the process is very long. The ancient western people feel difficult to understand disease, death and physiology phenomenon, especially for blood. Therefore they imagine many kinds of monsters. The vampire is the typical one. This shows that western human ancestors fear of nature.

\there is a complete history of the documentary record, that is the history of the vampire.\

As a symbol of the life, the blood has an important status in the Christian and the tide of European civilization. From the beginning, blood act as the symbol of evil and mystery. Therefore, it laid a solid foundation for the appearance of vampire.

1.1.1 The early origin of the vampire

According to the Bible, the origin of vampire is Cain. Adam and Eve were drive out of the Eden garden by the God. After that they lived in wild. They gave birth to a lot of children. Cain is their first child, the third people of the world. As Cain killed his own brother and be punished by God. Cain must make the living with people's blood. Although he can live forever with the blood, he only can live in dark place and be cursed after his generation. After that, Cain married with Lilith (Lilith first appeared in Sumerian myth, the first wife of Adam in the old agreement of Judaism, for she dissatisfied with God then left the Garden of Eden). Lilith taught Cain howto suck the blood from people to gain power.

According to this, some one think Lilith is the real one of the original vampire. Actually, all of these are invented by later generations, but these laid the foundation for the literature of vampire. It is also the most popular statement about the origin of the vampire.

1.1.2 The reality cause

Actually, there are many other versions about the origin of vampire. But one of the most

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Comparative Analysis of the Culture Between Western

Vampire and Eastern Ghost

convincing and also the most scientific basis statement is about the plague during the dark period of the middle century.

During the middle of the 14 century, at the east Europe range of the east of Prussia, Silesia and Bohemia, these areas spread with disease. In order to avoid infected, people did not distinguish whether the patient is really die or not, and buried those people in a hurry. Few days later, people open up the grave for some reason, they found that body changed the posture, and even some body still stained with blood. In fact, it was because that the people who buried at that time has not really dead, they were just in a deep coma. And after they waked up, they were struggled in the grave.

However, in the poverty, block and foolish place, the people said that was the vampire. Then, the ghost stories about the vampire were spread quickly. When they cannot rely on the government and themselves, people began to seek the liberation and a relief in spirit. Thus, it caused the legend of vampire for hundreds years.

1.2 The causes of Chinese ghost culture

The \Chinese traditional culture. It reflects many aspects of the people's values. We can not simply consider the ghost culture as superstition. After all, the awareness of ghost culture has rooted in the people's mind. We should know the rooted cause of the production of ghost culture. Analysis the related materials and customs can help us know better about the ghost culture. According to this, we can know more about the ghost culture, then use it do some contribution to human-being.

In fact, the source of the ghost is multiple, complex and changeable. First, the ghost is linked with the soul, and the soul is related with dreams closely. At that time, the people believed that though people were dead, but the soul is in the world. So, our ancestors draw the conclusion that people is made up by two parts, the body and the soul. The body can die, however, the soul never die. When people died, the soul delivered from the man's body, and then it becomes the ghost. It is just an explanation for the cause of ghost. The ghost culture comes out following the idea of ghost.

1.2.1 The fear for natural force

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Comparative Analysis of the Culture Between Western

Vampire and Eastern Ghost

The economic basis determines the superstructure. Any production of the social phenomenon has its profound social resource. And all of the productions can be obtained from the basis of social existence, including the \and technological level of the feudal society people, people can not explain the dreams and sudden death. Therefore they imagine the existence of \

In order to seek the life material, our ancients battled with nature for a long time, and separated themselves with the surrounding environment gradually. Then they had a clear sense of themselves, and knew the certain natural phenomenon and process. They found that some natural phenomenon can bring the enjoyment unexpected. However, some natural phenomenon can bring them disaster, even death.

When the human at that time could not get rid of the terrorist and fear of the natural force, especially all kinds of natural hazards that they couldn’t solve around them, they gradually formed the concept of the ghost and soul.

It also reflected that in the society of low productivity people is weak and feeble before the natural phenomenon.

1.2.2 The desire for the psychological life

In ancient society, the worker lived the life under oppression of the cruel ruling class. The contradictions between the ruling class and the public are extremely sharp. However, people did not dare to attack the exploiting class in public. They still wanted that something can help them to easy the pain, they hope some one can punish the evil people and give the reward to kind people. Therefore, people created a false ghost society that largely the same with reality society. In the false world, people can release the suffering and unfair of the reality world wantonly. In their mind, they can use the supernatural ability to reward kind and punish evil people. In this way, they can pursuit the social justice and the happy life in their mind. To some extent, the ghost culture meets the people's psychological demands. At the same time, these kinds of psychological needs in turn promote the development of ghost culture in China.

1.2.3 The political reason

In order to control people's thought better, political masters of the feudal society largely

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Comparative Analysis of the Culture Between Western

Vampire and Eastern Ghost

imported the Buddhist thought. The masters hype the Buddhism thought that \as a man sows, so let him reap\among the common people. The thought was the concept of ghost culture. Thus it played the role of maintaining the feudal grassroots for political power.

1.3 The similarity of vampire and ghost 1.3.1 originality:Came out with human's image

The important reason of the similarity between Western vampire and Oriental ghost culture come from the ancient people's distortion thought for dream and soul. Dream is fantasy. When Chinese and western people is still in the primitive society of low productivity, people's thinking ability can't understand the physiology phenomenon of dream. In the dream, people seem to go everywhere easily and meet anyone. This can not happen in reality world. In addition, the shape of vampire and ghost imagined by people is similar to human.

1.3.2purpose: In order to meet the demand of human

The ghost culture of the east can satisfied the feeling of missing the dead relatives for people. In addition, it also can meet the curiosity of human. Therefore, the vampire culture also has the same functions for human-beings. Therefore, people created a false ghost and vampire society that is largely the same with real society. In the false world, people can release the suffering and unfair of the reality world wantonly. In their mind, they can use the supernatural ability to reward kind and punish evil people. In this way, they can pursuit the social justice and the happy life in their mind. To some extend, the ghost and vampire culture meets the people's psychological demands. At the same time, this kind of psychological needs in turn to promote the development of ghost and vampire culture in China.

1.3.3cause: Due to the fear of dying

The life and health are the essential things for people, and yet people are linked with disease and death closely. It is a great threat for both Chinese and western people in ancient time. Therefore, it forced people to find a way to explain and pray for liberation in urgent need. However, their thinking ability is extremely low at that time, and people could not find the scientific explanation. Then, they gradually formed the concept of the ghost and soul. And the vampire also is an explanation for the plague and the rabies at that time in Europe.

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