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人教版七年级下册英语10单元知识点总结及练习题
一、词汇拓展
(1)special adj.特殊的;特别的n.特色菜;特价品
→specially ad.特意地;专门地
(2)different adj.不同的;有区别的→ difference n.区别;不同 (3)luck n.运气;幸运 →lucky adj.幸运的;运气好的
→luckily adv.幸运地;运气好地
(4)true adj.真实的;确实的→truly ad.真实地
→truth n.真实;真相
(5)worry v.担心;忧虑 → worried adj.担心的;着急的 (6)child n.孩子;小孩 →children a.孩子们;小孩 二、短语归纳
(1)would like 想要同want
(2)beef and tomato noodles牛肉西红柿面 (3)what kind of 什么种类的 (4)the number of... ......的数量 (5)orange juice 橙汁 (6)order form订购表 (7)four bowls of 四碗.…… (8)make a wish 许一个愿 (9)come true 实现;或为现实 (10)blow out 吹灭 (11)cut up切碎;切断 (12)be short of 缺少;短缺 (13)be popular with 受到……欢迎 (14)all of..……中的全部
(15)in one go一次,一口气同at a time
(16)Can I help you?你要点什么吗?同What can I for you? (17).May I take your order?我可以给你点菜吗? (18)a large/big bowl of...一大碗...... (19)what size bowl of...多大号碗的 三、知识点 fish
(1)fish既可作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词。用作可数名词指鱼的条数时,单复数相同。
例如:I bought two fish in the market.
(2)fish用作可数名词指鱼的种类时,复数形式是fishes. 例如:There are many kinds of fishes in the lake. (3)fish作不可数名词,意为“鱼肉”。
Do you like fish or eggs? 你喜欢吃鱼肉还是鸡蛋? (4)fish 还可以作动词,意为“钓鱼”。 Let’s go fishing tomorrow. 让我们明天去钓鱼吧。 四、知识点 special
(1)special作名词时,意为“特色菜、特价品、特别的事物”等。 例如:The train is a special for the football game.
The menu changes regularly and there are daily specials to choose from. (2)special还可以做形容词,意为“特殊的, 特别的,特色的”。 His accent is quite special. 五、知识点 order
(1)order 作名词,意为“点菜”,是可数名词;词组take one’s order意为“点菜”。例如:May I take your order?
拓展:order 作名词时,还可以表示“顺序、次序”。例如: The names are in alphabetical order. My mother likes order in our home.
(2)order 作动词,意为“命令、要求、订购货物”等。例如: The police ordered them to wait right there. Shall I order a taxi for you? 六、知识点
would like + sth. / to do sth. / sb. to do sth 想/想要/愿意…=want to do sth. ---What would you like to drink? ---I’d like a cup of tea. She wouldn’t like to do that. I’d like you to go there with me. 七、知识点 blow
blow 不及物动词,意为“吹”;词组blow out 意为“吹灭”。后接名词时,名词可以放在词组的中间也可以放在out的后面;后接代词时,代词必须放在词组的中间。例如:
The wind blew out the candle. 风吹灭了蜡烛。 The wind blew the match out. 风把火柴吹灭了。 The wind blew it out. 风把它吹灭了。 八、知识点
make sb. /sth. do sth. 意为“使某人做某事”。
make sth/sb+adj 意为“使/让某人(某物)怎么样”。例如: The boss makes us work eleven hours a day. She often makes him happy. 九、知识点
a number of表示“许多……”+名词复数+谓语动词复数 A number of students of our school have read that magazine. A number of wild animals have been found in the forest. the number of表示“……的数量”+名词复数+谓语动词单数。 The number of students in our school is 1,500. 十、知识点
what size 询问尺寸、大小,“多大尺寸,什么号码的”。size 是名词,可以表示物品的大小、尺寸、号码。
1)---你要多大号码的鞋?---我要38码的。 ---What size shoes would you like? ---I’d like Size 38.
2)这件T恤有点小,你能给我一件大号的吗?
This T-shirt is a little small for me. Would you like to show me a larger size? 十一、知识点 语法: 名词复数的变化规律
一、名词复数的构成方法及读音规则
1.一般情况加–s:例如: map—maps; drink—drinks; roof—roofs; park—parks; 例如: boy—boys; show—shows; zoo—zoos; panda — pandas; car —cars; singer—singers;
例如: girl—girls; pen—pens; friend—friends; bag—bags; lab — labs; room — rooms;
2.以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加–es, 如:
bus—buses watch—watches box—boxes brush—brushes match—matches fish—fishes
3.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y 为i,再加es。例如:
baby—babies; strawberry—strawberries country—countries; story— stories family—families; city—cities
但以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。
two Marys the Henrys
boy—boys; monkey— monkeys;
play—plays; holiday—holidays 4.以o结尾的名词,变复数时: 1)无生命的加s, 如:
photo---photos, zoo---zoos piano---pianos, radio---radios ; 2)有生命的加es, 如:
potato---potatoes, tomato---tomatoes, hero---heroes(英雄), 5.以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时:
1)加s,如:belief---beliefs(信仰,信任) roof---roofs (房顶) scarf---scarfs / scarves (围巾) 2)去f, fe 加ves,如:
half---halves (半) knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves
wife---wives life---lives(生命) thief---thieves shelf---shelves (架子) self---selves(自己) 二、名词复数的不规则变化
1.child---children, foot---feet, tooth---teeth, goose---geese(鹅), mouse---mice(小老鼠), man---men, woman---women,
注意:由一个词加 man 或 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。
an Englishman--two Englishmen。
但German不是合成词,所以复数形式为Germans. 2.单复同形。如:
deer鹿, sheep 绵羊 Chinese---Chinese; Japanese---Japanese 3.集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。
people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people(一个人),a police,a cattle;(但是可以有:a people : 一个民族)
但在表达“一个…”时,可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle . 4.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:
1)maths(英:数学),politics(政治),physics(物理)等学科名词,虽然后有-s,但是为单数形式。 2)news 为不可数名词。
3)the United States,the United Nations 视为单数。
4)以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例 5.表示由两部分构成的东西,只有复数形式。
glasses; trousers; pants; shorts; shoes; compasses(圆规)scissors(剪刀)等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双); suit(套)。
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