2018届高三英语译林牛津版一轮复习练习：必修3 Unit 2 Language（B卷）

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必修三 Unit 2 Language (B卷)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2017·湖南省东部六校高三联考)I was born and raised in England in a culture where privacy and “keeping yourself to yourself” were valued traditions.Speaking to strangers was not encouraged.People were most hospitable(好客的) and friendly—but only once they had been introduced to new people.

However，I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US，where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness to be very different.

I experienced Italian hospitality first-hand on a crowded railway carriage travelling，one afternoon，from Genoa to Florence.Sinking gratefully into an empty seat，I was berated (训斥) in rapid Italian by a gentleman who was returning to this seat—it had not been “spare” after all.I apologized in English，and got up to allow him back into the seat.The gentleman obviously had no understanding of the English language，but he，too，realized my genuine mistake.He smiled and gestured for me to remain in the seat，and he himself remained standing in the corridor for the remainder of the journey.The other occupants of the carriage smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome amongst them.I feel that if this had been in England，a foreigner who made a mistake would not always be so kindly treated.

Transport also featured in the differences I noticed between English and American culture.I flew to New York on a plane with mainly English passengers.We sat together in near silence.Nobody spoke to me nor，as I expected，to anyone else they did not know.They felt it was not polite to intrude on someone else's privacy.However，when I travelled across the United States，whether by plane or Greyhound bus，I was never short of conversation.Conversation was going on all around me and whoever sat next to me was happy to introduce themselves and ask me about myself.They obviously felt it would have been rude not to speak to another person，whether they were strangers or not.

【语篇解读】 本文作者通过自己的旅行经历说明了不同文化中人们对于“好客”和“礼貌”的表达方式不一样。

1．What do we know about the occupants of the carriage when the author was travelling in Italy?

A．They all laughed at the author for his mistake. B．They were all on the side of the gentleman.

C．They would not bear a mistake like the author's in public. D．They all showed their understanding of the author's mistake.

D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but he，too，realized my genuine mistake.He smiled...The other occupants of the carriage smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome amongst them”可知，车厢里其他的人都对作者点头微笑，说明他们理解作者的错误。故选D。]

2．The author finally believes the Italian people are ________． A．cold C．hospitable

B．rude D．helpful

C [推理判断题。根据第三段第一句的“I experienced Italian hospitality”以及本段内容可推知，意大利人热情友好。故选C。]

3．According to the last paragraph，English passengers sat in near silence because ________．

A．they were all strangers to each other B．they were too tired to speak

C．privacy was a valued tradition in England D．everybody had their own share of privacy

C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We sat together in near silence.Nobody spoke to me nor，as I expected，to anyone else they did not know.They felt it was not polite to intrude on someone else's privacy”可知，英国乘客几乎都不说话，因为他们国家的传统认为干涉别人的隐私是不礼貌的。故选C。]

4．The purpose of the author is to tell us ________． A．his travelling experience

B．cultural differences to show hospitality and politeness

C．the culture shock he experienced in Italy and the US D．how to adapt ourselves to a new culture

B [主旨大意题。文章最后一段通过两个不同的情景对比，告诉我们不同文化中人们对“好客”和“礼貌”的表达方式不一样。故选B。]

B

(2017·山西阳高一中高三检测)When you are in another country，it is important to know the language，but it is equally important to know how to communicate nonverbally.Before saying anything，people communicate nonverbally by making gestures.According to an investigation，only 30 to 35 percent of our communication is verbal.When people don't know the language，the most common way to communicate is through gestures.However，many gestures have different meanings，or no meaning at all，in different parts of the world.

In the United States，for example，nodding your head up and down means “yes”．In some parts of Greece and Turkey，however，this motion can mean “no”．In Southeast Asia，nodding your head is a polite way of saying “I've heard you.”

In ancient Rome，when the emperor wanted to spare someone's life，he would put his thumb up.Today in the United States，when someone puts his/her thumb up，it means “Everything is all right.”However，in Sardinia and Greece，the gesture is insulting (侮辱)and should not be used there.

In the United States，raising your clasped(握紧的) hands above your head means “I'm the champion” or “I'm the winner”．It is the sign that prizefighters make when they win a fight.When a leading Russian statesman(政治家)made this gesture after a White House meeting，Americans misunderstood and thought he meant he was a winner.In Russia，however，it is a sign of friendship.

There are other nonverbal signals that people should be aware of when they go to another country，such as the distance to maintain between speakers.Americans stand closer to each other than English people.English people don't like touching somebody or being touched.Now in America，touch is important.For example friends touch each other on the arm.They often put an arm around a friend when they say “hello” or “goodbye”．

【语篇解读】 当我们去一个国家时，知道如何用该国的语言交流诚然很重要，但知道怎样通过手势语交流也同样重要。

5．It is very important to know how to communicate nonverbally when you are in another country because ________．

A．most people speak different languages

B．much of our communication is nonverbal on many occasions C．people usually make gestures before saying anything D．it's easy to learn how to express oneself through gestures

B [细节理解题。根据文中第一段的When people don't know the language，the most common way to communicate is through gestures.可知，大多数的交流都是非语言的，所以懂得非语言的交流很重要。所以选B。]

6．If a native in Singapore nods his head up and down when you talk to him，his motion means ________．

A．yes

C．that's all right

B．no

D．I've heard you

D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的In Southeast Asia，nodding your head is a polite way of saying“I've heard you.”可知，新加坡属于东南亚，所以在新加坡点头的意思是我听你说了。所以选D。]

7．When the Russian leader put up his clasped hands after the meeting at the White House ________．

A．he meant Russia was the winner B．he was insulting America

C．he made a show of friendship to America D．he in fact meant nothing at all

C [细节理解题。根据文中倒数第二段的When a leading Russian statesman(政治家)made this gesture after a White House meeting，Americans misunderstood and thought he meant he was a winner.In Russia，however，it is a sign of friendship.可知，当俄国领导人将紧握的手举到头顶时，这意味着友谊。所以选C。]

8．The gesture of putting one's thumb up should not be used when you are