2020年中考语法高频考点提升训练专题8 非谓语动词

专题8 非谓语动词

考点一、非谓语动词的分类及其功能

主动形式:to do,to be doing,to have 不定式 被动形式:to be done,to have beeen 形 主动形式:doing, having done 式 现在分词 被动形式:being done, having beeen 过去分词done

1.不定式做状语

非谓语动词 2.分词做状语

做状语 3.独立成分做状语 1.不定式做定语

做定语 2.分词做定语 功1. 能 做宾语 不定式做宾语 2.动名词做宾语

做补语

1.不定式做补语 2.分词做补语 作主语 3.不定式、分词做补语的区别

作表语 1.不定式做主语

2.动名词做主语

1.不定式做表语

2.动名词做标 考点二、动词不定式的功能及用法 动词不定式 不定式(to) do的用法 不定式的时态 作主语 常被形式主语it代替 不定式的一般式 不定式的进行时 作表语 be+to do “是做” 1.表示与2.表式在谓 1.表示谓语动 2表示在谓语谓语动词语动词之后 同时发生发生。 词的动作发生动词之后发生 作宾语 被形式宾语it代替 eg:I saw eg: I plan to 时,不定式的动eg:He is 作宾补 省to或不省 him go attend the out. meeting 作正在进行。believed to be 要后置，省介否tommow. eg:He coming 作定语 pretended 作状语 表目的，原因 to be sleeping 宾从省略式 疑问词+to do 考点三、动名词的功能及用法

1

动名词 动名词的用法 接动名词作宾语的情况 作主语eg:Seeing is believing 在下列动词后 作表语eg:Her job is teaching接动词作宾语 时用动名词形 作宾语eg:He fond of playing 式：admit,advise,a作定语 eg:He has a reading room llow,anticipate考点四、过去分词的功能及用法 (1)一般情况，在动词后加ed. (2)在以-e结尾动词后只加d. (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词， 应将y改为i 再加-ed. (4)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾 形作时间状语; 作原因状语 且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词， 式 作条件状语; 表示伴随状况 先双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed 过 去 做状语 过去分词没有语态变化。过去分词自身就 分 可以表示被动语态的意义。 词 过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致时，要在过去分词 的前面加上一个名词，构成过去分词的独立结构。作状语。 1.功1.过去分词可以作名及物动词的过去分词 做定语 能 词的 前置定语 作定语有被动之意。 2.不及物动词的过去分 词作定语有完成之意。 过去分词短语可以作名词的后置定语 有些不及物动词必须和副词搭配才能作定 做宾补 感官动词+宾语 +过去分词宾补（意义被动， 已经完成）；感官动词+宾语+ing形式宾补(意 义主动，正在进行） 使役动词+宾语+过去分词宾补（意义被动， 已经完成）；使役动词+宾语+ing形式宾补（意 义主动，正在进行） 过去分词宾补表示正在发生的被动意义时要 采用\being + 过去分词\结构

2

一、选择填空

1.The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.

A. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place 2._______ by the Comrade Lei Feng, we try our best to do good deeds. A. Inspired B. Being inspired C. To be inspired D. Inspiring 3.It's no good _______ here. Let's go home. A. to wait B. waited C. waiting D. being waited 4.I listened to the wind, ______ that he would not come tonight. A. thinking B. to think C. thought D. being thinking 5.I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.

A. to have not B. to not have C. not to have D. not having 6.Tom apologized to me ______ again.

A. to be late B. of being late C. to have been late D. for being late 7.__________ since the night before, I felt very hungry. A. Having not eaten anything B. Not eating anything C. I hadn't eaten anything D. Not having eaten anything

8.We then listened to the child ________ the article ______ on the blackboard. A. read, writing B. reading, writing C. to read, written D. read, written 9.________ it with me and I'll see what I can do.

A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave 10._________ such a chance, why don't you have a try?

A. To give B. Having C. Given D. Giving 11.Five people were reported ________ in the accident.

A. to be killed B. to kill C. killed D. to have been killed 12._________ is bad for his health.

A. Mike smoking B. Mike's smoking C. Mike's being smoking D. Mike smokes 13.I came into the classroom, ______ my seat and sat down to read. A. finding B. to find C. found D. founded

3

14.It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.

A. to solve B. solving C. being solved D. to be solving 15.________ by a crowd of people, I felt nervous, ______ what to say. A. Watching, didn't know B. Having watched, and not knew C. Having been watch, not known D. Being watched, not knowing 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空

1.How about________ (have) a party next Sunday. 2.Dad often ask me ________ (not play) on the road. 3.I don’t know how ________ (express) my exciting feelings.

4.Mr, Green was so angry that he couldn’t help ________ (shout) at his wife. 5.We should avoid ________ (disturb) others. 6.He was made ________ (wash) the car himself.

7.We must take strong measure ________ (protect)our environment. 8.I happened ________ (meet) one of my friends in the street yesterday. 9.There’s no need ________ (leave) right now. 10.It ‘s our duty________ (protect) our planet. 11.I’m sorry________ (disturb) you. 12.Can you teach me how ________ (surf)?

13.He promised________ (follow) the good suggestions.

14.If you have a chance________ (study) here,you will learn more knowledge. 15.Learn the new while ________ (review) the old. 三、根据所给汉语提示写出下列句中所缺的名词

1.China is a ________(发展) country, _______ (属于) the Third World. 2.The building _______ (建造)will be served as our dining- hall.

3.Not ______ (知道) his address, we have no way______(取得联系) with him.

4.Not ______ (理解、懂得) the local language and having no friend in the country, he found it impossible ______(找到) a job.

5. ______(出生) and ______(教育、养育) in the countryside, he knows better about the hard life of pleasant. 6.In recent years, ______(领导) by the Party, people find their living conditions greatly ________(改变、变化). 7.Would you be so kind as______(给)us some advice on how _______(学习) English.

4