Module 3 Unit1 语法（教师版）

兴化市楚水实验学校2012-2013（下） 高一英语学案 杨莉

Module 3 Unit1 The world of our senses

Grammar and Usage 语法学案

姓名：__________ 班级：___________

Ⅰ、预检·导入

A.预习名词性从句的基本概念和用法

1).名词性从句在句中的作用相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此名词性从句可分为四种：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

2). 同位语从句一般跟在某些抽象概念的名词后面，用以说明名词所表示的具体内容。常跟同位语从句的名词主要有hope, belief, news(word), promise, idea, truth, question等 3).引导名词性从句的连接词：

A、连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which, whichever B、连接副词：when, where, how, why, however, wherever C、连接词：that, whether, if

4).判断下面各句中含有什么从句，并划线。

①What you said just now has nothing to do with the matter we are discussing.(主语从句) ②The question whether we need more time to do it has not been discussed.（同位语从句） ③It is known to all that light travels in straight lines. (其中it为形式主语，主语从句) ④The news that arrived made them very excited. (定语从句) ⑤The news that he arrived made them very excited. (同位语从句) ⑥She looked as if she was going to cry. (表语从句) ⑦I don’t believe they will win the game.(宾语从句)

⑧Father made a promise that he would buy me a computer. (同位语从句) ⑨Father promised that he would buy me a computer. (宾语从句) ⑩That’s why he was late. (表语从句) B.预习中存在的问题

Ⅱ、建构·应用

A.名词性从句的构成：在句子中起名词作用的从句称为名词性从句：它包括主语从句，

宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句，由连词that, if/whether和各种特殊疑问词引导。

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兴化市楚水实验学校2012-2013（下） 高一英语学案 杨莉

注意：这类从句主谓语必须用陈述语序。

B.名词性从句的用法

1.主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的从句。

主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在句末,句首则用形式主语it。

(1)由that引导的主语从句（that不可以省略）

That the earth is round is true. = It is true that the earth is round. (2)由whether引导的主语从句（不可用if代替）

Whether it will clear up tomorrow is not yet known.明天天气是否会放晴尚不清楚。 Whether he will come hasn’t been decided. = It hasn’t been decided whether he will come. 注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任 句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略 (注: if不可用来引导主语从句）

(3)由特殊疑问词引导的主语从句

How much time students spend on their homework often concerns teachers. 教师们经常关心学生花多少时间完成作业。 When he will go to America is not yet fixed.

(=It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.) Whoever leaves the room last should close the door. Whatever we do must be in the interests of the people. (4)it作形式主语（that不可以省略）

It’s reported that the football team was warmly received by the Queen at the Buckingham Palace. 据报道，足球队在白金汉宫受到了女王的亲切接见。 (5)常见的it作形式主语的结构

1）It is a fact that he won the match. (常见名词: a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/good news/…that…)

2）It is necessary that we do study the English.( 常见adj. necessary/strange/important/ possible/likely/…that…这类主语从句中,谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形)

3）It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.( 常见pp: said/reported/decided/known/ …that…)

4）It happened that they had had their military training. (该句型中常用一些不及物动词或词组，如It occurs to me that…; It doesn’t matter how/whether …)

2.宾语从句：在复合句中充当宾语的从句，常放在主句的谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之

后。

(1)作动词的宾语

a.由that引导的宾语从句（that在非正式语体中通常可以省略） Later on I realized (that) I was wrong. b.由whether/if引导的宾语从句

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兴化市楚水实验学校2012-2013（下） 高一英语学案 杨莉

I wonder whether/if you can change this 50-yuan note for me. c.由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句

She didn’t know where she could find the Students’ Union. (2)作介词的宾语

We talked excitedly about whether we would spend our holiday on the beach or in the swimming pool.

注意：介词后面的宾语从句用whether引导，而不用if。 (3)it作形式宾语

在接复合宾语的句子中, 为了保持句子平衡, 用it 作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾, 常接复合宾语的动词有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think...如：

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. I think it a pity to waste the food

I find it interesting that traffic always keeps to the left in Britain. 使用宾语从句时要注意：

(1)时态呼应：当主句谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句要使用过去时态的某种形式。 (2)注意否定前移：当主句是 I/We think（或suppose, expect, believe, imagine, guess） 其后的宾语从句如果是否定的，常常把否定词not 从从句移到主句。 I don’t believe he will go. We don’t expect he is coming.

I don’t think he can do it, can he? You /They don’t think he can do it ,do they?

(3)that在宾语从句常可以省略，但由and或 but连接两个或多个宾语从句时，仅可以省略第一个连词that，如：

He said (that) he had eaten nothing but that he wasn’t hungry.

3.表语从句：在复合句中充当表语的从句，表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if和

because引导。

(1)由that引导的表语从句（that在非正式语体中通常可以省略） The fact is (that) we don’t have enough experience for the work. The reason for my absence was that I was ill.

The reason why he was late was that he didn’t catch the early bus. It seems that it is going to rain

(2)由whether引导的表语从句(不可用if代替)

The question is whether I should e-mail him about the news now. The question is how he did it.

(3)由特殊疑问句引导的表语从句

The problem we are facing now is how we can collect so much money for the blind. (4)as if, because 也可引导表语从句。 It looks as if it’s going to rain. It was because I got up late.

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兴化市楚水实验学校2012-2013（下） 高一英语学案 杨莉

4.同位语从句：在复合句中作名词的同位语的从句，它对名词起进一步解释的作用，说

明名词所包含的具体内容,that不可省略.

Before leaving, the Green family expressed the hope that they would come to China again.

同位语从句一般跟在某些抽象概念的名词后面，用以说明名词所表示的具体内容。常跟同位语从句的名词主要有：idea, news, fact, promise, answer, belief, doubt, hope, problem, proof, question, suggestion, thought, truth, possibility等。 同位语从句有时被别的词把它和名词隔开：

The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow. Word came that their team had won

Ⅲ、检测·提炼

1.The foreign minister said,“ _________ our hope that the two sides will walk towards peace.” A.This is B.There is C.It is D.That is

2._____________________that the weather was to be very hot this Sunday. A.It was said in the newspaper B.As was reported on the radio C.What the weather report said D.It was said in the newspaper was 3.Nancy told me______ she wanted to have an e-pal to chat with online. A.if B.that C.whether D.what

4.---I doubt ___ I’ll be chosen for the team.---- The chance is one tenth____ you will be chosen. A.that;that B.if; that C.if ; whether D.whether;whether 5.The reason ______ my absence was _______ I was ill.

A.for; that B.why;that C.for ; because D.why; because

6. Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play with fire, but _______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.

A. it, it B. what, what C. it, what D. what, it 7. “Is ______ you want to say？” asked the teacher.

A. this B. that C. all that D. that all

8. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant. A. that what B. what that C. that that D. what what 9.—What do you think of China?---____ different it is today from ___it used to be ! A.How; what B.What; that C.What; what D.How; that

10. “How was _____ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace？” “Totally by chance.”

A. it that B. he that C. it when D. he which 11.Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers.

A. when B. how C. that D. whether 12. It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office. A．whether B．where C．which D．that

13. The notice came around two in the afternoon_______ the meeting would be postponed. A. when B. that C. whether D. how 14. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike. A. how B. which C. that D. what

15. We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever

Key：

1-5 CABBA 6-10 CDDAA 11-15 BDBDC

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