2018-2019学年高中新创新一轮复习英语外研版：必修4-Module-1-高考试卷分块专练

D．To change the future of humanity.

解析：选C 细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C。

9．The underlined word “drained” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “________”． A．speeded up C．used up

B．stored D．explored

解析：选C 词义猜测题。由该词前面的“natural resources”和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C。

10．What is Hawking's attitude towards the Earth's future? A．Pessimistic. C．Positive.

B．Confused. D．Indifferent.

解析：选A 观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A。

11．The reason why humans must leave the Earth soon is that ________. A．the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious danger B．humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet C．a new and ambitious space program would excite young people D．astronauts have found a better world in space than the Earth

解析：选A 细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A。

D

(2018·成都市诊断性检测)What are your retirement plans? Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learn something new? You may put_them_on_hold. There's a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as Mars (火星)．

On Thursday, National Geographic will show the first ever Mars show home, giving earthlings an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet. Set in the not-so-distant year of 2037, the igloo-shaped structure could be the home of your future.

It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home are recognisable — kitchen, bedroom — but there are fundamental differences that are vital for human survival.

As the Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the Earth's, people will need permanent shelter from the sun and society will move largely indoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground passages and the houses won't have windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natural light that has been bent several times.

Walls will need to be 10 to 12 feet thick, to protect people from dangerous rays that can pass through six feet of steel, and a double air-locked entrance to keep the home under proper pressure.

“We don't think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but on Mars your house will be a survival centre，” says Stephen Petranek, author of How We'll Live on Mars. This is not just the stuff of sci-fi. “Ten to twenty years from now there will certainly be people on Mars，” Petranek says.

“We've had the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we haven't had the will，” Petranek says. “But two main factors have completely swung public attitudes.”

The private companies' participation has forced government agencies to up their game, and influential films such as Gravity and The Martian have caught society's eye.

语篇解读：本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了一些介绍。 12．What can we know about the show home from the text? A．It has no windows or doors due to security concern. B．Its design presents the idea of environmental protection. C．It has thick walls keeping the home under proper pressure.

D．Its underground passages connect all the buildings together.

解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句可推知，火星样板房的设计采用了可回收的宇宙飞船上的一些部件，体现了环保意识，故选B。

13．What do the underlined words “put them on hold” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Put them off. C．Carry them through.

B．Give them away. D．Take them seriously.

解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句可推知，之前的列举都可能被搁置下来，而去火星居住迟早会成为可能，故选A。

14．According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people to Mars? A．The great influence of Mars show home. B．The development of related technology. C．The competition from private companies. D．The popularity of influential books on Mars.

解析：选C 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The private companies' participation has forced government agencies to up their game”可知，Petranek认为一些私人企业的参与促进了送人类去火星居住这一设想的进程，故选C。

15．What is the best title for the text? A．Living on Mars: Possible or Not B．Sending People to Mars: Yes or No

C．First Ever Show Home: How Is It Made D．Future Home on Mars: What Will It Be like

解析：选D 标题归纳题。根据全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了一些介绍，故选D。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

(2018·广东省七校联合体联考)It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others. __1__ If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts.

Don't get in the center of the conflict.

Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help. Frankly speaking, it is very unwise, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict. __2__ You should focus on your own life issues.

Be kind.

__3__ Life is full of conflicts and disagreements, and that's why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. For example, kindness can lessen the conflict.

Try to be a peacekeeper.

Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts. “__4__” This saying is the life motto of a natural-born peacekeeper. Don't worry if you are not a natural-born peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life.

Walk off.

When the conflict is gathering pace and you can't manage to control yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress. __5__ You should get away from the situation for a while. A．The greatest victory is a battle not fought. B．Conflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them.

C．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support. D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence. E．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent. F．When someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly towards this person. G．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几条有效避免冲突的建议。

1．选G 根据上文可知，尽量避免冲突是十分有必要的；据此可以判断，此处承上启下，介绍冲突的严重危害，引出文章主题，故G项正确。

2．选D 根据空格后一句“You should focus on your own life issues.”可知，作者建议把

注意力集中在自己的事情上；据此可以判断，空格处建议“让其他人自己解决他们自己的问题”，故D项符合文意。

3．选F 根据该段标题“Be kind.”可知，该段主要阐述“和善待人”的建议，这与F项中的“try to act kindly towards this person”照应，故F项符合文意。

4．选A 根据空格后一句“This saying is the life motto of a natural-born peacekeeper.”可以判断，此处是调解人的一句格言。A项意为“最伟大的胜利是一场没有战斗的斗争”，符合文意，故A项正确。

5．选E 根据空格前一句“By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress.”可知，这里作者建议要远离冲突，离开对手；据此可知E项符合文意。